Advanced Materials Research Vols. 391-392

Abstract: Removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by using Ca-bentonite and H-bentonite (acid-treated bentonite) was studied by batch equilibrium method. The fluoride sorption capacity of Ca-bentonite increases with the fluoride concentration increase or the pH-value decrease. H-bentonite has better affinity to fluoride than Ca-bentonite. H-bentonite can be used effectively for fluoride removal as a low cost adsorbent. The adsorption type of H-bentonite is ion exchange and the adsorption type of Ca-bentonite can be explained by ion exchange and physical adsorption.

Abstract: A new polythiophene derivative, poly[3,4-bis-(1,3-dioxane-2-ylethyl) thiophene] (PBDT) with two 1,3-dioxane groups was synthesized via two-step strategy. Firstly, a precursor polymer poly(3,4-dibromothiophene) (PDBrT) was prepared, and secondly the bromo-atoms were substituted by 1,3-dioxan-2-ylethyl groups to get the target polymer. The later reaction was monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. Molecular weights of PBDT were measured by GPC. In addition, the optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL) of PBDT and PDBrT were investigated and demonstrated that the maximum emission wavelength of PBDT was red-shifted about 80 nm in comparison with that of PDBrT, which was due to the effects of electron withdrawing and steric repulsion between two 1,3-dioxane-2-ylethyl groups.

Abstract: A new method for fabrication of core-shell functional polymer coated nanoparticles was proposed in this work. At first the magnetite particles were wrapped with single-layer oleic acid for getting a hydrophobic surface. Then the monomer molecules of 4-vinylbenzoic acid were fabricated onto this layer by self-assembly and finally in-situ polymerization was taken place for obtaining the functional polymer coated nanoparticles with –COOH groups outside. The nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, TEM, magnetic property, etc. The results showed that the size of the particle was less than 20 nm in diameter and had a very good property of superparamagnetism.

Abstract: The research and formulation of chemical machinery excellent engineer cultivation system is an important basic work to realize the plan of cultivating excellent engineer. Take the process equipment and control engineering profession of our university as example, this paper introduces professional status, analyses and discusses cultivation target, opportunity and facing problems of machinery excellent engineer.

Abstract: Gradient cathode material of LiNi_0.7Co_0.15Mn_0.15O₂ was synthesized by mixing hydroxide co-precipitated precursors with 8% excess LiOH•H₂O. Structure and electrochemical properties of the material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscope (SEM), galvanostatic charge-discharge test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicate that the typical crystal of the material is α-NaFeO₂. The particles are formed by 200nm~500nm crystals. The gradient material sintered at 800°C shows the best electrochemical performance, the initial discharge capacity of the material is 164.45mAh•g^-1 at 0.2C, its discharge capacity retention of 86% at 2C and with lower electrochemical impedance.

Abstract: The combustion characteristics of textile dyeing sludge，sawdust and its blends at different proportions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG) at different heating rates. The results showed that there existed four obviously temperature zones during the textile dyeing sludge combustion curves, which were corresponding to moisture's exhalation、two stages of devolatilizations and fixed carbon combustion. With the increasing of heating rates, the burning time was shorten and the combustion rate was faster of the textile dying sludge. DTG curve of the blends was more closed to that of the larger proportions. Comprehensive combustion characteristic index S_N of the sludge-sawdust blends showed an uptrend, which demonstrated that higher volatility had better combustion characteristics.

Abstract: The influences of low temperature on the interlaminar properties for PBO fiber/epoxy composites have been studied at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) in terms of three point bending test. Results showed that the interlaminar shear strength at 77 K were significantly higher than those at room temperature (RT). For the analysis of the test results, the tensile behaviors of epoxy resin at both room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature were investigated. The interface between fiber and matrix was observed using SEM images.

Abstract: An electro-fused magnesia furnace (EFMF) is used to produce electro-fused magnesia. Due to the complex dynamic characteristics of the EFMF production process, it is difficult to achieve the satisfactory control performances only by the independent conventional control method. As a result, the lower loop control with manual operations is still widely used in practice. However, the manual operation cannot ensure that the actual production qualities and the energy consumption of unit production meet the technical requirements all the time. In this paper, an intelligent operation control strategy is developed for the EFMF to automatically adjust the setpoints of the lower level control system. Based on the proposed intelligent control strategy, an intelligent control system for the EFMF is built and implemented on site. Industrial application has demonstrated that the intelligent control system can achieve reliable, accurate and timely control performances.

Abstract: This paper reviews co-pyrolysis processes of different researchers and institutions, depicts the co-pyrolysis process of biomass and plastic wastes, coal and refuse plastic and coal and woody biomass, and makes recommendations for different processes. This article summarizes different researches on co-pyrolysis for product quantity and properties in different parameters such as waste blends and temperature,reaction time,pressure etc. We suggest that radical reactions between the co-pyrolytic materials are primarily responsible for the observed behavior.and that co-pyrolysis not only solves the H/C ratio but decrease reaction temperature and increased product content and improved product properties and its behavior as a fuel.

Abstract: A novel structured packing with diversion windows is developed with the objective of achieving comparable pressure drop, high capacity and preferable mass transfer efficiency. The hydrodynamics and mass transfer performance of the packing have been investigated using a 384 mm diameter column. Carbon dioxide desorption process for mass transfer experiments at room temperatures and atmospheric pressures were conducted. Compared with the traditional Mellapak 350X, both the liquid holdup and mass transfer efficiency of the novel structured packing (350X with diversion windows) are increased by 15% or so; additionally, the pressure drop presented a slight growth trend, about 20% higher. It is concluded that the novel structured packing with adding diversion windows can change the flow pattern of the liquid film on the packing sheet and increase the effective mass transfer area, as well as the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency.