Advanced Materials Research Vols. 518-523

Abstract: The methyl violet dye as the main research subjects. The concentration of H₂O₂, ferrous ion concentration, pH value and the type of dyes and so on be research the influence on the rate. The result shown: the greater dose of H₂O₂, the greater removal of methyl violet dye. when the dose of H₂O₂ reach to a certain amount, keep increase the dose , but the increase was not obvious. In a certain concentration range, when the higher concentration of ferrous ions, the higher degradation rate of methyl viologen.When more than the certain concentration, the degradation rate began to decline. The removal efficiency is better when the ratio of ferrous ions and H₂O₂ is 1:10..A large removal rate is controlled in the temperature of 20 to 60 as well as the pH is from 3 to 5. After changing the type of dye,beside the Alizarin Red,the removal of Methylene blue, Rhodamine, methyl violet are all high.

Abstract: Ultraviolet ozone process was used to eliminate Methyl Violet, the effects of the type of research process, the initial solution pH, dye concentration and free radical quenching agent N-butanol on its degradation rate were studied. The experimental results showed that: comparing to UV, O₃, UV/O₃ three types of technology, UV and O₃ technology had significant synergies, the degradation rate of Methyl Violet solution achieve 99.58% at 50min for the initial concentration of 100mg/L. increasing pH value resulted in increasing degradation rate, the degradation rate achieved 99. 8% at 50min under alkaline conditions. The remove rate decreased with increasing initial concentrations. Quenchers of free radicals inhibited the generation of hydroxyl radical and induced decreasing degradation rate. The degradation reaction of Methyl Violet by UV/O₃ followed first-order law.

Abstract: The traditional activated sludge process was transformed into A²O process with fluidized carriers. This technology was applied in reconstruction project of sewage plant. There was no need of altering civil construction. The effluent COD removal reached 95%. NH₄⁺-N removal reached 92.2%. TN of effluent was less than 15 mg/L and TP was less than 1 mg/L. The process run stable and the effluent quality after secondary treatment could reach design standard.

Abstract: For synthesis of silica glasses designed to contain high-level nuclear wastes，a patented complex sol-gel process has been used. Surrogates of the nuclear waste elements Cs, Sr, Co, and Nd (generically denoted Me) were used. Gels in the forms of powders and sintered compacts were prepared by hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethoxide/Me nitrate solutions, which contained ascorbic acid as a catalyst. Transformation to final products was studied by thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Preliminary testing of Me leaching was also completed in water. Most of the final products were porous; only a single dense form was resistant to leaching.

Abstract: Since the adverse factors such as deficient penetration and long reaction time have restricted the complete microwave-used drying of municipal sludge, the microwave-induced drying was considered which has advantages in such aspects. The investigation of the microwave-induced drying to uncover the mechanism has great meaning for its development and usage. The experiments indicated that temperature was the decisive factor affecting the drying rate. The microwave-induced sludge reached the highest drying rate at the moisture rate of 40%, with a 20% grade promotion compared with that of the original one. The molecular fracture caused by microwave radiation had obviously accelerated the drying process and the drying rate was rising in proportion to the microwave radiation dose. The diffusion coefficient of microwave-induced sludge was obviously enlarged more than 2 times grade. In this research, model Weibull proved to fit the experiment of thin-layer drying for municipal sludge best compared with the other ones.

Abstract: This article aims at fouling situation while extracted oil wastewater evaporating and has analyzed the change process in wastewater SiO₂. We point out influence of the formation of fouling SiO₂ pre-condition—supersaturation and establish SiO₂ crystallization precipitation model and equation. The results show that concentration ratio and evaporation temperature increase to help fouling formation to give rise to fouling heat resistance elevating. The increase of extracted oil wastewater flow rate loop reduce the fouling heat resistance and improve the efficiency of heat utilize. Through simulation , we master main influencing factors of fouling heat resistance and grain a good foundation to design the experiment scheme in the future.

Abstract: This paper analyzed three dominant approaches of Municipal solid wastes treatments in our country. In this paper we not only compared the advantages and disadvantages of these three dominant approaches but also took analysis to the present situation of MSW(municipal solid wastes) treatment and existing problems in domestic and foreign. At last we thought the future development of MSW treatment: it has many restrictions to take each single way so that comprehensive treatment is the key point to achieve the goal of MSW resource processing.

Abstract: The pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of a aluminum-plastic composite package were studied by thermal analysis and on a tube-furnace. The experiments were performed in N2 atmosphere, 10% oxygen concentration and air atmosphere respectively. XRD analysis was further performed to identified the residue substance and its mineral phase. The results show the optimum pyrolysis temperature of a aluminum-plastic composite package is in the range of 600-700°C. The weight loss of APCP materials were in the range of 88.32-89.15% under a constant temperature of 600 °C and 650 °C for 1 h. The residue substance of APCP pyrolysis products were major Al and small amount of Al2O3 and AlN.

Abstract: The three-step of MSWI fly ash washing process, to remove chloride from fly ash as much as possible, were investigated. The results show that with the increase of L/S, the release of chloride and sulphate both increased at the first step, but the effect of second and third washing step decreased for chloride, while the effect for sulphate increased. The suitable washing condition happened with a L/S ratio of 5 and 2 minutes of washing, considering the two economic factors (water consumption and economical factor).