A Concept Model about Allometric Scaling of Hierarchical Energy Flow through Plant Biosystems

Article Preview

Abstract:

Ecologists have long sought a general metabolic scaling law (e.g., the 3/4 power law), although the size-independent mass-special metabolic ratemay have been selected for over evolutionary time. Here, we outline four hierarchical energy processes along the path of energy flow. These processes are represented as the scaling exponents of mass-dependent energy flow (e.g., a 1/4-scaling rule for individuals and a 1/3-scaling rule for populations). Individuals and populations have evolved as the conduits of energy flow. Interestingly, the mass-dependent hierarchical energy flow can help explain the development of a tree population. Our theory highlights that mass-dependent hierarchical energy flow may act as a metabolic integrator and suggests an energetic explanation of the evolution of plant biosystems from the individual to the community level.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 610-613)

Pages:

3526-3531

Citation:

Online since:

December 2012

Authors:

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2013 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] B.J. Enquist, J.H. Brown, G.B. West. Allometric scaling of plant energetics and population density, Nature 395(1998) 163–165.

DOI: 10.1038/25977

Google Scholar

[2] J.H. Brown, J.F. Gillooly, A.P. Allen, et al. Toward a metabolic theory of ecology, Ecology 85(2004) 1771–1789.

DOI: 10.1890/03-9000

Google Scholar

[3] A.M. Makarieva, V.G. Gorshkov, B.L. Li. Biochemical universality of living matter and its metabolic implications, Funct. Ecol. 19(2005) 547–557.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2005.01005.x

Google Scholar

[4] A. Clarke. Funct. Ecol. Is there a universal temperature dependence of metabolism? 18(2004a) 252–256.

Google Scholar

[5] D.A. Coomes. Challenges to the generality of WBE theory, Trends. Ecol. Evol. 21(2006) 593–596.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2006.09.002

Google Scholar

[6] M.P. O'Connor , S.J. Kemp ,S.J. Agosta , et al. Reconsidering the mechanistic basis of the metabolic theory of ecology, Oikos116(2007) 1058-1072.

Google Scholar

[7] D.S. Glazier . Beyond the '3/4-power law': variation in the intra- and interspecific scaling of metabolic rate in animals, Biol. Rev.80(2005) 611-662.

DOI: 10.1017/s1464793105006834

Google Scholar

[8] G.B. West, J.H. Brown, B.J. Enquist. A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems, Nature 400(1999) 664-667.

DOI: 10.1038/23251

Google Scholar

[9] J.R. Banavar, A. Maritan, A. Rinaldo. Size and form in efficient transportation networks, Nature 399(1999) 130–132.

DOI: 10.1038/20144

Google Scholar

[10] P.B. Reich , M.G. Tjoelker , J. L. Machado, et al. Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism, size and nitrogen in plants, Nature 439(2006) 457–461.

DOI: 10.1038/nature04282

Google Scholar

[11] A. Clarke , K.P.P. Fraser . Why does metabolism scale with temperature? Funct. Ecol. 18(2004b) 243–251.

Google Scholar

[12] P.S. Dodds , D.H. Rothman , J.S. Weitz. J. Re-examination of the '3/4-law' of metabolism, Theor. Biol 209(2001) 9–27.

Google Scholar

[13] J.V.D. Meer. Metabolic theories in ecology, Trends. Ecol. Evol. 21(2006) 136–140.

Google Scholar

[14] H. A. Feldman. On the allometric mass exponent, when it exists, J.Theor. Biol172(1995) 187–197.

Google Scholar

[15] S.R. Kerr , L.M. Dickie . The Biomass Spectrum: a Predator–Prey Theory of Aquatic Production. Columbia University Press, New York, 2001.

Google Scholar

[16] G.B. West, J.H. Brown, B.J. Enquist . A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology, Science 276(1997) 122–126.

DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5309.122

Google Scholar

[17] M.C. Molles. Ecology: Concepts and Applications. China Science Press, Beijing, 1999, 150-153.

Google Scholar

[18] A.J. Bloom, F.S. Chapin, H.A. Mooney. Resource limitation in plants – an economic analogy. Annual review of ecology and systematics, Annual review of ecology and systematics 16(1985) 363–392.

DOI: 10.1146/annurev.es.16.110185.002051

Google Scholar

[19] J.Witting.The body mass allometries as evolutionarily determined by the foraging of mobile organisms, J.Theor. Biol 177(1995) 129–137.

DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.1995.0231

Google Scholar

[20] B.J. Enquist, J.H. Brown, G.B. West, et al. Scaling metabolism from organisms to ecosystems, Nature 423(2003) 639–642.

Google Scholar

[21] R.C. Dewar. Plant energetics and population density, Nature 398(1999) 572.

Google Scholar

[22] J. Weiner. Asymmetric competition in plant populations, Trends. Ecol. Evol. 5(1990) 360–364.

Google Scholar