Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: With the rapid development of petroleum industry in China, it is an urgent to recover the oil gas generated in storage and transportation. In order to save the investment and to improve the recycling efficiency, this paper introduces Grey Matter Element Analysis (GMEA) to scientifically and rationally choose form the recovery projects. GMEA is the organic combination of Grey System Theory and Matter Element Theory, and it is applied to the selection of oil gas recovery projects. Though its application in the No.601 oil depot in Chongqing, China, it shows that it is rapid, simple and practical. Therefore, it can find further applications for optimization and decision-making in other relative fields.

Abstract: Many toxic and undegradation organic pollutants to people health are existed in explosive wastewater. The conventional treatments are unable to effectively remove them. This paper treated the explosive wastewater of TNT by using a self-made discontinuity reactor, Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) system. The experimental results show that SCWO is a high-efficiency, clean treatment and disposal technique for TNT explosive wastewater. Temperature and reaction time serve as the main influence factors in removing COD of wastewater, with which add, the COD removal rate obviously increases. Under no oxygen condition, partially oxidation existed in SCWO.This shows that supercritical water is a well solvent and has oxidation. At 550°C, 24MPa, and 120s and at oxygen excess 300%, the COD removal rate of wastewater is over 99% and its main toxic pollutants TNT are thoroughly disposed. The discharge standard of environmental protection is met.

Abstract: In this study, five novel flocculants, QTRY-02, DC-491, Fennofix K97, BWD-01 and MD-03 were chosen to treat Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R simulated wastewater by jar tests. The effect of flocculant dosage, initial pH, solution temperature of simulated dye wastewater and sedimentaion time on the color removal was examined respectively. The maximum color removal efficiency of KN-R was over 82% after 20 minutes of sedimentation and the optimal dosage was 150mg/L for all flocculants. In the pH range from 3 to 11, small changes in the color removal efficiency for QTRY-02. While for BWD-01, the efficiency increased from 67.3% to 88.3%. For both QTRY-02 and MD-04, decolorization efficiency increased as the solution temperature increased from 10°C to 50°C and the same result appeared when prolonging the sedimentation time from 1 to 12 hours.

Abstract: In this study, three species of water ornamental plants, Lythrum salicaria, Typha angustifolia and Iris wilsonii, were introduced to removing nitrogen and phosphorus in lightly polluted urban landscape water. The results showed the experimental plants were all growing well in lightly polluted water and the growth rates were: Lythrum salicaria 33%, Iris wilsonii 19% and Typha angustifolia16%, respectively. The removal efficiency of TN of Lythrum licaria, Typha angustifolia and Iris wilsoni were 55.42%, 62.65% and 57.59%, respectively. The removal rates of TP of three species of hydrophytes were Lythrum licaria 63.9%, Typha angustifolia 51.7% and Iris wilsoni 38.9%, respectively. Based on the removal efficiencies on nitrogen and phosphorus and landscape efficiency, the three species of water ornamental plants were recommended as pioneer in aquatic vegetation restoration in urban lightly polluted landscape river.

Abstract: In this study, removal of copper(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions was examined using corn stalk. In the batch mode adsorption studies, the effects of initial pH and contact time on the copper(Ⅱ) adsorption by the corn stalk have been studied. The results show that: the pH 6.0 and contact time 8 hrs is optimum conditions of this absorption process when the dosage of corn stalk is 0.1g. In the isotherm studies, the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied. The R2 of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm are 0.981 and 0.944 respectively. The Langmuir adsorption capacity Qmax is 54.05 mg/g. The goodness of fitness was obtained with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

Abstract: Large-scale livestock pollution has become the third largest source of pollution following industrial pollution and domestic pollution. The possible dangers of livestock sewage pollution on rivers, lakes, underground water, soil, human health are pointed out. Pretreatment is necessary for processing of livestock sewage treatment. The principle, advantages and disadvantages, applicability of three modes of livestock sewage treatment including land spreading, natural treatment and industrialized treatment are summarized. It is very necessary to study and develop efficient, low-cost, resource utilization of livestock sewage treatment technology according to local conditions.

Abstract: In order to study the relations between process conditions and the productivity of ferrate, study on direct electrochemical preparation of ferrate by plate diaphragm electrolytic cell was investigated in this paper. The main factors such as electrolytic time, electrolyte concentration, electrolytic temperature and electrode interval were analyzed, respectively. The optimum conditions were confirmed: concentration of electrolyte in 16mol/L to 18mol/L, electrolytic time of 3 hours, electrolytic temperature of 40°C, and electrode interval of 2cm. The results could provide technical parameters and a theoretical guide to the industrial production of ferrate.

Abstract: This article describes the simulation method of water temperature and the model classification of water quality in lakes and reservoirs, and classic model of ecosystem dynamics of lakes and reservoirs - BA model from the water quality parameters of the relationship between two aspects of the basic equations are introduced. On this basis, establish the eutrophication of ecological models of lakes and reservoirs.

Abstract: This paper described a finishing composition and method for applying the composition to three kinds of nonwoven fabrics made from PPS, NOMEX and P84 respectively, which were used in separating the solid particles from flue gas. From the corrosion test and surface energy test, it can be concluded that the filters showed good water repellency and little strength loss after H2SO4 solution treatment, illustrating improved chemical resistance.

Abstract: As the toxicity even at low concentrations, pollution of phenolic compounds has become an issue of international concern. Adsorption has been proven to be the effective and widely used method for phenolic compounds removal. In this study, porous resins as adsorbents for the removal of hydroquinone from aqueous solutions were evaluated. Activated carbon F400D was employed for comparison. The faster adsorption kinetic was observed on the mesoporous XAD-4, while the higher adsorption capacity was obtained on the microporous NDA150, which had larger surface area. Despite the different surface properties and pore structures of the studied adsorbents, similar trends of pH-dependent adsorption were observed, implying the importance of the hydroquinone molecular species to the adsorption onto the porous adsorbents. This work provided an understanding of adsorption behavior of hydroquinone on porous adsorbents.