Advanced Materials Research Vols. 610-613

Abstract: From various aspects, enhancement effect of microwave and synergistic effect of the combined process were investigated systematically to treat dye wastewater using microwave irradiation-Fenton oxidation coupling coagulation process. The results showed when microwave was introduced to enhance Fenton oxidation and coagulation process, the degradation efficiency of refractory organic substances in dye wastewater was significantly promoted, and treatment time and various dosages of flocculant, oxidant and catalyzer were also reduced obviously. The synergistic effect discussion of the combined system also indicated that microwave irradiation brought not only the thermal efficiency but also the non-thermal efficiency, which would accelerate to produce more hydroxyl radicals, and promote the molecular polarization of organic substances. The physical and chemical properties of refractory organic substances in dye wastewater could be changed, which would be helpful for the follow-up Fenton oxidation and coagulation process. These facts fully embodied that there existed synergetic effects in microwave irradiation-Fenton oxidation coupling coagulation process.

Abstract: Hg²⁺ captured by wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) systems can easily be reduced by reducing substances such as S(IV) (SO₃^2- or HSO₃^-) and results in emissions of elemental mercury (Hg⁰). The re-emission of Hg⁰ would lead to a damping of the total mercury removal efficiency by WFGD systems. The effects of the operating conditions, which included the pH, temperature, Cl^- concentrations and oxygen concentrations, on Hg⁰ re-emission from WFGD liquors was carried out. The experimental results indicated that the Hg⁰ re-emission rate from WFGD liquors increased as the operational temperatures and pH values increased. The Hg⁰ re-emission rates decreased as the O₂ concentration of flue gas and Cl^- concentration of WFGD liquors increased. So the Hg⁰ re-emission from WFGD system can be reduced or slowed by decreasing the temperature and pH, or by using forced oxidation. The present findings could be valuable for industrial application of characterizing and optimizing mercury control in WFGD systems.

Abstract: Daqing Oil Field brings enormous economic benefits to the city of Daqing; however, it also results in serious contamination of adjacent wetlands. The current study will take Qunyingxi Lake as example. This lake is typical oil contaminated wetland of Daqing Oil Field Development Zones. And choose to use two biological agents, they have been screened these two years, and their implementation of localization will continue. Different amount of two biological agents were put into four test sites, then collect samples and monitor them before and after putting biological agents. Test the concentration of COD, BOD5, NH3-N, TP, TN, volatile phenol and oil, et al. Take the grey clustering method to evaluate water quality data and analyze the repaired effects of biological agents in oil contaminated wetland. To provide the effective protection of wetland ecosystems in Daqing Oil Field Development Zone and a scientific basis for study on bioremediation of oil contaminated wetland.

Abstract: Four influencing factors (pH, pressure, temperature and feed water conductivity) in the separation of organic matter by the reverse osmosis were studied for the treatment and reuse of the pharmaceutical condensate. The pH of feed water had an obvious effect on the desalination rate and TOC removal rate. The temperature and pressure can obviously affect the recovery rate. In order to get a better treatment result the pH of the feed water should be maintained at above 6, the temperature should not exceed 35 °C during the operation, the pressure should be controlled at 1 to 1.5MPa.

Abstract: This paper studies the impact of cooling and warming on shortcut and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification under low temperature. The results show that the effluent concentration of NH4+-N and TN gradually increased, the nitrite accumulation rate decreased when DO was 0.3~0.5 mg•L-1, sludge return ratio was 300%, PH was 7.5~8.5, temperature dropped from 15 °Cto 8°C. From 10°C to 8°C in cooling, the average nitrite accumulation rate was 58.17% in A (HRT=24h) reactor. During the system heating process, treatment effect of the system gradually changed for the better. From 12°C to 15°Cin heating process, the average nitrite accumulation rate was 74.39% in B (HRT=48h) reactor. The system treatment effect in B reactor was better by contrasting A and B reactors, therefore, we can increase HRT to reduce the adverse effects on the system due to the temperature decreases to enhance TN removal effect of system.

Abstract: At present, many researchers focus on UV/H2O2 technology which is used to treat wastewater. In this paper, using “UV” and “Hydrogen Peroxide” as key words, all literatures in EI Index from 1969 to 2011 were searched by principle of literature metrology analysis. A detailed analysis was carried out in view of the year, journal, institution, country and language to reveal the status of international research and development on this technology. The statistics results show that a total of 1936 articles is published in 42 years and the literature number has increased year by year. The most articles were published in the last 10 years. Chinese researcher publishes the most articles all over the word. University is the main publication institution and English is the main language. Most of the articles were published on Journal of Hazardous Materials, Water Research and Water Science & Technology.

Abstract: In China, the pollution problems of PM2.5 have become increasingly serious. In recent years, the haze phenomenon caused by PM2.5 in many cities was for a wide range of frequent outbreaks, resulting in the serious deterioration of air quality. PM2.5 is rich in a large number of toxic and hazardous substances and stays a long time in the atmosphere, which makes a great impact on human health and quality of atmospheric environment. Coal-fired power plant is an important source of PM2.5 emissions. In this paper, briefly describes the status of the PM2.5 emissions from coal-fired power plants and control technologies. Analyzes the pros and cons of various technologies, application status and future applications.

Abstract: Waste water discharged from dye plant contains high sanity ,high chroma and high CODcr (Chemical Oxygen Demand), commonly used biodegradation is often limited in application; As a new efficient advanced oxidation, pulsed corona discharge combining with ozone is attracting more and more attention. A special reactor was designed, in addition, the removal of COD and decoloration of stimulant dye wastewater containing disperse blue 2BLN dye (100mg/L) by pulsed corona discharge combining with ozone were investigated . It showed that in alkaline solution, the maximum COD removal and decoloration rate(58.8% and 99.1%) was observed ,which demonstrated that ozone and pulsed discharge was more efficient on COD removal and decolouration in alkalin than in neutral solution when all the samples were treated for13mins. After being treated, B/C increased from 0.2 to 0.45. Decoloration efficiency and COD removal could be improved obviously when oxygen feed increased from 40 to80L /h，yet further increase in oxygen feed led to a markedly decrease of decolouration efficiency and COD removal.

Abstract: The nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency and effect of different electron acceptors (O2 and NO3-) on the sludge yield were studied through experiments in two SBRs (Sequencing Batch Reactors ) in this paper. The results showed that two systems both had good decontamination effect; the theory value of sludge yield (It was 0.435gVSS/gCOD and 0.402gVSS/gCOD for anaerobic /aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic condition, respectively) was higher than the actual value (It was 0.335gVSS/gCOD and 0.321g VSS/gCOD for anaerobic/aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic condition, respectively); There was no significant difference for the sludge yield under anaerobic/aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic conditions, because the endogenesis respiration of sludge under anaerobic/aerobic condition was stronger consequently more sludge being attenuated (Attenuation coefficient was 0.0081 and 0.0026 for anaerobic/aerobic and anaerobic/anoxic condition, respectively).

Abstract: Oil is one of the important resources. But the pollution which is produced by oil-exploration in oil-output areas has been a problem of environment-protection. The pollution is serious in Daqing in China. It’s imminent to restore and protect the ecosystem of wet-land. We established testing sites in the wet-land in Daqing oil-land. We tested the two kinds of microbial agents Лейнол and Дестройл and compared the effects with different ways to find the best way of oil degradation. This also probes the integrated ecological restoration program which sees the microbial agents degradation as the main program. To put the mixture of these two kinds is the best way. This paper discusses some problems of the restoration program in testing sites in Daqing.