Advanced Materials Research Vols. 622-623

Abstract: β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) incorporated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) composite nanofibers were successfully prepared by using electrospinning technique and used as a novel adsorbent for the elimination of dyes from aqueous solution. The formations of bead-free and uniform nanofibers were obtained using various compositions of homogeneous solution of β-CD and PAN in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The morphology and structure of nanofibers were determined and characterized by SEM, XRD, TGA, and FTIR analysis. The adsorption performance of prepared nanofibers was examined by using methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV) as adsorbate. Results showed that β-CD/PAN nanofibers were achieved equilibrium point within 2h with 96.21 % and 94.37 % adsorption of MV and MB, respectively at ambient condition. In addition, adsorption capacity of nanofibers was studied under different experimental conditions and their effects on adsorption capacity such as temperature, pH, and contact time. The regeneration of β-CD/PAN nanofibers were carried out using methanol and re used five times as an adsorbent, Results indicates that regenerated adsorbent was adsorb 89.0% and 85.22 % of MV and MB, respectively in 5th cycle.

Abstract: We demonstrate the fabrication of dye sensitized solar cells using multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT) sheets as a counter electrode with catalytic activity optimized by layering as an alternative to platinum deposited on fluorinated tin oxide (FTO). The sheets are drawn directly from a highly aligned forest of MWNTs grown on silicon by chemical vapor deposition. We used different number of MWNT layers on the FTO and pure glass. Cell performance was found to vary with the number of MWNT sheets. When using of 10 or more layers we can substitute the FTO with platinum catalytic particles.

Abstract: In this paper, the results of a study about using Molybdenum disulfide nanoparticle in base oil, which is used for engine oil production, are presented. The size characterization and morphology of nanoparticles were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X- ray diffractometry (XRD). Dispersion of nanoparticles in base oil was achieved by ultrasonic homogenizer and the antiwear ability was evaluated by four ball test.

Abstract: In this present study, copper nanoparticles coated on the cotton fabrics was evaluated for the antibacterial property against bacterial strains isolated from post operative patients.In this study, CUNPs synthesized by chemical reduction method and the synthesized nanoparticles characterized by UV spectroscopy, energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy and further characterized for its size by SEM. CUNPs coated on the bleached cotton fabrics by pad dry cure method. Coating of CUNPs to cotton fabric conferred by SEM and FTIR. The coated fabrics were examined in the range of basic physical–mechanical parameters such as the tensile strength, the bursting strength and air permeability.Anti bacterial activity was determined against the clinical isolate of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar diffusion assay. Copper nanoparticles synthesized by chemical reduction was primarly confirmed by the colour change of the reaction mixture from blue to olive green, plasmon absorption maxima at 600 nm and uniform sp

Abstract: Polypropylene (PP)/clay nanocomposites were prepared via a melt mixing technique. Two types of compatibilizers, namely poly (ethyleneco-octene) (EOC-g-MA) and polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA), were selected to facilitate the nanocomposite formation. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy in conjunction with rheological analysis were used for studying the dispersion state of clay layers in these nanocomposites. The results showed with the introduction of EOC-g-MA to PP/clay, clay was dispersed better than the presence of PP-g-MA.

Abstract: Nano-sized cadmium sulfid (CdS) was synthesized successfully by a simple method using ultrasonic irradiation in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 2000). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize the structure and morphology synthesized powder. The nanocrystaline of β-CdS was grown in face-centered cubic. The average particle size of synthesized CdS is ~25 nm. CdS suspensions have then been impregnated on cotton-based textile samples and the antibacterial activity of so-functionalized textiles has been studied with respect to E. coli. Results shows that CdS nanoparticles exhibit a strong antibacterial activity and can inhibit 97% of growth E. coli bacteria.

Abstract: ZnO nanorod arrays were synthesized by hydrothermal method under different growth times. The effect of growth time on nanorods morphology was investigated systematically. Results illustrate that ZnO nanorods with hexagonal wurtzite structure grow vertically on the Si substrates. The length of the ZnO nanorods increases with increasing growth time. In our experiments, quenching stage plays a key role in forming the tips of nanorods. With growth time no more than 1h, the solution is in a continuous heating state and doesn’t reach the set temperature 180oC. Therefore, longer growth time means higher solution temperature which in turn increases cooling rate during quenching stage, as a consequence, to a smaller mean crystal size in the nanorods tips.

Abstract: Barium hexaferrite/high density polyethylene composite was prepared from synthesized barium hexaferrite as matrix with 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 wt.% of high density polyethylene via a high energy planetary ball milling for 10 h. The milling products were isostatically pressed and finally sintered at 1250 °C for 1 h. Effect of HDPE content on morphology of the products were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Vibrating samplemagnetometer (VSM) analysis of single phase BaFe12O19 indicates saturation magnetization and coercivity of 52 emu/g and 4300 Oe, respectively. Visually, as the weight percent of the HDPE increases, more porous structure was observed. Moreover, the density of the sintered sampleslinearly decreased from 4.16 to 1.41 g/cm3 by increasing the amount of HDPE from 0 to 40 wt.%.

Abstract: Silver nanoparticles were prepared by treating a solution of AgNO₃ dissolved in deionized water with Emblica (Phyllanthus emblica) extract as reducing agent. The factors that affect the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (time, temperature and concentration of silver nitrate and reducing agent) were investigated. The high concentration of silver nitrate and reducing agent showed the higher in concentration of silver nanoparticles. The heating temperature help increase the yield of silver nanoparticles at shorter reaction time. Their structure, shape and size distribution were characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometer, SEM and TEM technique. The UV-vis spectrophotometer show peaks located of silver-Emblica nanoparticle at 430 nm and the particle size of silver-Emblica is 41.2 nm in average diameter determined by TEM.

Abstract: High-speed scanning is an effective way to improve the throughput of immersion lithography with double patterning, especially when the critical dimension is less than 32-nm. But it makes more complex characteristics of immersion flow. In this paper, considering the extreme speed of wafer scanning, the model is developed to investigate the characteristics of immersion flow, including the velocity vector, pressure distribution, renovation efficiency and so on. Finally, the optimized parameters and methods to effective liquid renovation are proposed when the wafer scans at high-speed.