Advanced Materials Research Vol. 680

Abstract: There are several problems after post-menopausal and higher age in the female. It may affect their physiological results, especially in the changes of their body composition. Older adults change their skeletal muscle weight when they are aging. But what differences their skeletal muscle weight change is still unknown. There is little previous research. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate skeletal muscle weight change on female older adult. Methods: 48 women aged 41-80 years old were randomly selected and divided into four different age groups: 41-50 y (14 persons, abbreviated as number), 51-60 y (12), 61-70 y (12) and 71-80 y (10). All subjects’ body compositions were measured. Body composition analysis was conducted using the In Body 220 body composition analyzer. Data analysis was conducted using the SPSS statistical software for Windows 15.0. Independent one-way ANOVA was used as the statistical method at a significance level (α) of .05, followed by the Scheffé’s method to account for multiple comparisons. Results: Statistical analyses show that means of 4 skeletal muscle weight groups was 22.27±2.12(kg), 21.41±2.12(kg), 21.16±2.25(kg), 16.64±1.98(kg), there is significant differences in between 41-50y, 51-60y, 61-70y and 70-80 y group (Scheffé：41-70 y＞70-80 y). Conclusions: This research conclusion is that the skeletal muscle weight were similar from 41 years old to 70 years old in female older adult. But after 71 years old the skeletal muscle weight aging quickly.

Abstract: Objective: To study the clinical classification of multiple sclerosis (MS) by analyzing the features of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on brain and spinal cord and surveying the natural history. Methods: MRI examination was conducted on 132 clinically diagnosed multiple sclerosis patients and their quality of life and disability rate were graded. Results: The general distribution of lesions in the nervous system was obtained. In northern China, relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) by natural course classification and simple brain MS by lesion distribution classification lead to fewer neurological deficits with a relatively top life quality. Meanwhile, there is a tendency for the correlation between the pathogenetic locations of MS and its natural course prognosis. Conclusion: To improve the understanding of the prognosis of MS and promote the diagnosis ability to guide MS treatment. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common immune-mediated chronic disease of the central nervous system with the demyelination of white matter as the main pathological feature. The incidence of MS has a significant regional difference and studies on the natural history classification and lesions distribution classification of MS patients in northern China are not sufficient. In this study, natural history and lesions distribution of MS patients were classified by MRI approach and the impacts of each MS classification on neurological deficits and quality of life were observed. In this thesis, features and prognosis of MS classifications in northern China are discussed for the purpose of improving the level of diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract: Objective. To investigate the effects of Sufentanil preconditioning on myocardial cell apoptosis. Method. To randomly divide 40 SD rats equally into 4 groups, including sham operation group(SHAM Group), ischemia-reperfusion group(I/R Group), ischemic preconditioning group(IPC Group), Sufentanil preconditioning group(SPC Group). To calculate the numbers of myocardial apoptosis cells. Result. he apoptotic index of myocardial cell that the apoptotic index of 3 groups rises obviously compared with group S (PConclusion.Sufentanil preconditioning can protect the myocardial cell from apoptosis , therefore can protect the hearts.

Abstract: Objective.To investigate the effects of sufentanil preconditioning on Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats in vivo.Methods. To randomly divide 50 male SD rats equally into 5 groups, including ischemia-reperfusion group( Group I/R ), ischemic preconditioning group(Group IPC), high-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group HS, 6.0µg/kg), medium-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group MS,2.0µg/kg) and low-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group LS, 0.60µg/kg).The left anterior descending coronary arterys(LAD) of rats in five groups are ligated for 30 minutes and are re-perfused for 90 minutes. To measure the myocardial infarction size (IS/AAR%) with double-staining with Even's blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and to calculate the concentration of LK, LK-MB and LDH. Result. Comparing with Group 1/R , the myocardial infarction size(IS/AAR%) in Group IPC, HS, MS and LS all reduced at different levels. Among the Group HS, MS and LS, the infarction size in Group HS reduced most significantly. Comparing with Group 1/R, the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes in the other four groups all reduced at different levels. Conclusion. Sufentanil preconditioning can reduce myocardial infarct size, decrease the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes. Therefore, sufentanil preconditioning has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in vivo, and the effects are dose-dependent. Suffentanil is a potent kind of opioid analgesics, which is widely used in clinical anesthesia. However, further studies are needed on effects of sufentanil preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. In order to protect the Myocardial ischemia patients and provide the foundations for application of sufentanil in peri-operative period, the authors investigate the effects of sufentanil preconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury through comparison and analysis of the myocardial infarction size(IS), the concentration of the serum myocardial enzymes in the ischemia-reperfusion group(Group IPC), the ischemic preconditioning group(Group IPC) and different-dose sufentanil preconditioning group(Group HS, MS LS).

Abstract: Objective.To investigate the effects of morphine postconditioning on Myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats in vivo. Methods. To randomly divide 40 male SD rats equally into 4 groups, including Sham group in which the chest was opened without ligating the left coronary artery, ischemia-reperfusion group(Group I/R ), ischemic preconditioning group(Group IPC ) and morphine postconditioning group(GroupMOR) in which 0. 3 mg/kg morphine was given intravenously 5 min before reperfusion. The left anterior descending coronary arterys(LAD) of rats in five groups are ligated for 30 minutes and are re-perfused for 90 minutes. Cardiac Apoptosis was determined quantitatively by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） methods． To calculate the concentration of the serum malondialdehyde(MDA) with Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reaction method and the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) with xanthine oxidase reaction method. Result. Comparing with Group S, the quantity of the cardiac apoptosis in Group I/R, IPC and MOR rised in different levels. Comparing with Group 1/R, the quantity of the cardiac apoptosis in Group IPC and MOR reduced obviously. Comparing with Group 1/R, the concentration of the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in the other four groups all reduced and the activity of the superoxide dismutase increased. Conclusion. Morphine postconditioning can significantly reduce myocardial apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury，reduce myocardial infarct size, decrease the concentration of MDA, and increase the activity of SOD. Therefore, morphine postconditioning has protective effects on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats in vivo. Morphine is a potent kind of opioid analgesics, which is widely used in clinical anesthesia. However, further studies are needed on effects of morphine postconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. In order to provide the foundations for clinical application, the authors investigate the effects of morphine postconditioning on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury through comparison and analysis of the cardiac apoptosis, the concentration of the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Group S, I/R, IPC and MOR.

Abstract: Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a rare epileptic syndrome, which may observe in non-ketotic hyperglycaemia (NKH). Seizures are resistant to antiepileptic drugs and respond best to insulin. Here we report a patient who presented EPC without diabetes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed subcortical hypointensity signal changes in the left parietal region on T2 weighted and FLAIR images. Her symptom remitted completely after correction of hyperglycaemia. We suggest that EPC may be the first manifestation of undiagnosed diabetes.

Abstract: The U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) estimated that 44,000-98,000 Americans die annually from preventable errors in hospitals and that the cost of deaths and injuries is between $17 and $29 billion U.S. dollars per year in the U.S. Knowledge that healthcare systems and processes may be unreliable and lacks a consideration for safety. Patient safety is a global challenge that requires knowledge and skills in multiple areas, including human factors and systems engineering [12]. Patient safety has received attention by international health organizations. In 2004, the World Health Organization lunched the World Alliance for Patient Safety. The World Alliance for Patient Safety has targeted the following patient safety issues: prevention of healthcare-associated infections, hand hygiene, surgical safety, and patient engagement². This paper This paper presents a safety process methodology and system to reduce the safety gap of patient safety process. The aim of this study is to propose a Safety Process Innovation Methodology (SPIM) and implements a web-based new safety-oriented system that combines the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) to determine essential safety when conducting process innovation for support patient safety.

Abstract: Currently, the exploration, improvement, and application of knowledge management and semantic technologies to health care are in a revolution from Health 2.0 to Health 3.0. However, what accurately are knowledge management and semantic technologies and how can they improve a healthcare system The study aims to review what constitute a Health 3.0 system, and identify key factors in the health care system. First, the study analyzes semantic web, definition of Health 2.0 and Health 3.0, new models for linked data: (1) semantic web and linked data graphs (2) semantic web and healthcare information challenges, OWL and linked knowledge, from linked data to linked knowledge, consistent knowledge representation, and Health 3.0 system. Secondly, the research analyzes two case studies of Health 3.0, and summarizes six key factors that constitute a Health 3.0 system. Finally, the study recommends the application of knowledge management and semantic technologies to Health 3.0 health care model requires the cooperation among emergency care, insurance companies, hospitals, pharmacies, government, specialists, academic researchers, and customer (patients).

Abstract: Objective: to understand the effectiveness of the health and fitness evaluation among the staff members in Asia University. Method: Evaluating and analyzing 95 staff members by using descriptive statistic (17 male, 58 female). The average age of male was 37.73, and 31.59 years old for the female. The evaluation included physical health norm and physical fitness level. The result showed that the average male BMI was over the standard, with blood pressure a little higher than normal. The female BMI and blood pressure were showed as normal. The waistline of both male and female were normal. In the physical fitness area, the male aerobic fitness level was normal, muscular strength was very good and flexibility was normal. The aerobic fitness level of female was normal, muscular strength was good and flexibility was poor. In conclusion, both male and female staff members were doing well in terms of their physical fitness. The male staff members especially need to control their weight in the BMI area. The female staff members should use stretching exercises to improve their flexibility. By doing the health and fitness evaluation helped us to understand the participation in physical activities of the staff members. Their physical fitness level indicated as a reference for their personal physical and health status. Practicing health and physical evaluation has a positive meaning and qualitative reasons. In promoting physical fitness activities and gets the staff members to involve in physical activities in daily basis also develop it as a lifetime habit. Not only to improve the staff members’ health and fitness level effectively, but also the quality of their life.

Abstract: This research presents the design and development of the heart sound monitor for bio-signal learning which can be worked with a personal computer. The prototype will receive the heart sound via the condenser microphone built-in the stethoscope. The condenser microphone will be conversed the air pressure from heart beats to electrical signal that signal will transformed to computer via sound card. The sound card will be conversed the analog signal to digital signal for process by heart sound processing program developed by LabVIEW program. The signal will be analyzed with short time Fourier transforms in heart sound processing program by graphical user interface. The user is able to select a band pass of signal for filter and choose the power spectrum of heart sound for display. The output database from this prototype is necessary for Medical Education or Clinical Practice. The prototype was tested and it worked satisfactory.