Advanced Materials Research Vol. 702

Abstract: Based on more than 30 Km field survey, many samples has been got from sluice pier which is collapsed due to sulfate attack. The microstructure of sample and mineral component of separated material was analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersion X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX). The test shows the failure mechanism is contact dissolution associating sulfate attack. The contact dissolution gave chance to sulfate attack. The concrete expand due to sulfate attack accelerate contact dissolution. So concrete can be failure quickly.

Abstract: For the first time antimony vanadium oxide-TiO₂ (SbV-T) nanocomposite was synthesized via sol-gel method to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO₂. The samples were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and DRS. To investigate the photocatalytic activity of the samples, the photodegradation of methyl orange was carried out under visible light irradiation with pure TiO₂, SbVO₄, and SbVO₄-TiO₂ nanocomposite. The SbV-T photocatalyst exhibited higher visible light driven photocatalytic efficiency to degrade MO dye. Furthermore the effect of SbVO4 and cationic vacancies in the photocatalytic activity of the SbV-T sample are described.

Abstract: Mesoporous vanadium doped titania (V-TiO₂) photocatalyst was synthesized with the use of a new surfactant (Gemini) for the first time. In order to investigate the surfactant effect on the photocatalytic activity of catalysts, different surfactants containing Gemini, pluronic F127, pluronic P123, CTAB, Hexadecylamine and PEG 6000 were used in the preparation of mesoporous V-TiO₂ photocatalyst as a templating agent. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, and DRS. The nanosized V-TiO2 with Gemini surfactant (V-TiO₂(G)) exhibited the highest visible light driven photocatalytic efficiency for degrading MO dye. The results showed that the surfactant type played an important role on the structure and photocatalytic activity of the samples.

Abstract: The paper presents the results of model experiments with new lance design. The lance was invented in Silesian University of Technology, Department of Foundry. It is dedicated for the pneumatic powder injection into liquid metal bath without lance submersion. The situation like that is common for small molten alloy volume when the problem of temperature decrease is significant. In such case the carrier gas introduction into metal as well as cooling with gas blowing onto metal bath surface should be avoided. The new lance was equipped with four parallel slots made on its outlet and a flange. This design causes the carrier gas evacuation before it reaches the molten metal surface. The article presents the model experiments made with use of the device for the diphase gas-powder jet forces recording. The comparison of two lances: normal steel pipe and this of new design was presented in the article, too.

Abstract: A simple and effective approach was proposed to synthesize uniform surface imprinted polymer microspheres via surface-initiated iniferter polymerization. The chloromethyl groups were firstly introduced onto the surface of the polystyrene microspheres by a one-step dispersion polymerization. After that the photosensitive iniferter groups were modified by the reaction of the polystyrene microspheres surface-bound chloromethyl groups with N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate sodium. The grafting step was then carried out in a stirred solution of polystyrene microspheres containing surface-initiated iniferter in the presence of template molecules (glutathione, GSH), functional and cross-linking monomers. The synthesized surface imprinted polymer (GSH-MIP) microspheres were characterized using SEM and FT-IR. The GSH-MIP microspheres were spherical in shape, and showed homogeneous polymer layer and high encapsulation efficiency. The rebinding properties of GSH for GSH-MIP was evaluated by carrying out batch rebinding tests, the obtained GSH-MIP shows faster mass transfer and higher binding amounts rate toward template than non-imprinted polymer (NIP).

Abstract: The paramagnetic ionic liquid (IL) 1-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium tetrahalogenidoferrate (Ⅲ) [VAIM][FeCl_nBr_4-n] (A= n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl; n=3,4 or 2, 3,4.) has been used in the synthesis of paramagnetic [VAIM][FeCl_nBr_4-n]/PMMA ionogels. The thermal stability for the ionogels increases significantly compared with [VAIM][FeCl_nBr_4-n] and PMMA. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in the temperature range 1.8 K–300 K. The Curie–Weiss temperature is -0.989 K, -0.669 K and -0.169 K, respectively as the alkyl chain to 3 position of imidazole ring elongate. The magnetic properties are similar to those reported for the pure IL and the self-made [VAIM][FeCl_nBr_4-n] and are not influenced by the incorporation of paramagnetic [VAIM][FeCl_nBr_4-n] into the PMMA matrix. The magnetic ionogel is thus an interesting material combining the mechanical properties of the polyer with the functionality of the magnetic IL, such as magnetism.

Abstract: Porous ceramometal Al₂O₃/CoAlO/CoAl was studied by set of physicochemical techniques such as XRD, SEM, internal field ⁵⁹Co and ²⁷Al MAS NMR, and porosity measurements. They revealed the cermet containing three parts. First, cobalt-free large porous alumina particles which surrounded by the second oxide part representing spinel Co_xAl_3-xO₄ (x=1,2,3) oxides. And third, oxygen-free metallic part consists of cobalt metal particles covered by Co-Al oxide protecting the metallic part from oxidation. Porosity measurements ascertained high porosity (60%) and good SSA (122 m²/g). Also the enhanced adsorption of microwaves due to metallic particles randomly distributed in oxides was found.

Abstract: The paper presents some results of a complex research of 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel in the initial, deformed and irradiated ( ⁸⁴₃₆K_r⁺¹⁴, E=130MeV, F_max=9x10¹⁵ ions/сm2) states using magnetometry, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD – analysis). Application of the EBSD method revealed differences between the non-irradiated and irradiated 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel specimens consisting in the fact that in the surface layer of an irradiated sample α-and ε - phases are formed. It was established that the fluence value affects the amount of magnetic α-phase. The study of the martensite α-phase morphology showed that in the deformed steel specimens there is αʹ- martensite of two scale levels.

Abstract: This paper presents new results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigation of the structure-phase compositions of thick (150 μm) coatings on the base of Ni and Co deposited by plasma-detonation on steel substrates. The phase structures and morphology of precipitation from solid solution are defined. Factor k is defined in the Hall-Petch equation for the coating materials. The existence of a diffuse zone in the coating layer next to the substrate is established, the thickness of this zone is defined.

Abstract: Photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) was investigated with a series of TiO2 and TiO2 doped with Ag and Au. Experiments were carried out in both batch and continuous reactors under an 11 W low pressure mercury lamp. Total organic carbon (TOC) was used as an indicator in addition to the concentration of 4-CP for the effectiveness of the degradation. In the batch reactor, a catalyst was suspended in aqueous 4-CP solution. Interestingly, 4-CP degradation did not depend on the catalyst used compared to photolysis. On the contrary, the presence of any of the catalyst significantly affected the intermediates, hydroquinone and hydroxyhydroquinone, degradation. Degussa P25 showed higher catalytic activity than the synthesized TiO2 and in some cases TiO2 doped with a precious metal in terms of TOC degradation. The addition of the precious metal to TiO2 did not improve the 4-CP degradation but it did on the degradation of the intermediate products. Degussa P25 was dip-coated on stainless steel mesh and used in the continuous reactor. With the continuous reactor, experimental conditions could be set so that complete degradation could be achieved.