Advanced Materials Research Vols. 781-784

Abstract: A sort of special cationic hydrophilic polyurethane with moderate chemical reactivity is prepared as anti-crocking agent of fabric dyed with reactive dyes. Influences of chemical reactivity and processing parameters such as quaterization and end-group capping conditions of auxiliaries on its application properties are studied. The results imply that moderate reactive capping rate of cationic hydrophilic polyurethane (about 13%), quaterization conditions of 55-60°C ×30-40min and end-group capping conditions of 50°C×40min are optimum. The deep color fabric treated with our auxiliary takes on a higher wet rubbing fastness than the untreated one by 1-1.5 grade and the hydrophility and soft handle of the fabric are better than the fabric treated with traditional color fixing agent.

Abstract: Inorganic alkalis and pH stabilizers are employed to building a soda substitute MZ-M for dye fixing of medium temperature reactive dyestuffs. The influences of alkalis, buffers, alkalinity controller, additives and the ratio between them on its dye fixing properties are studied. Furthermore, the practicability of MZ-M for dye fixing of medium temperature reactive dyestuffs is appraised. The studies show that the dye depth K/S of samples treated with MZ-M is not less than the samples dye fixed with sodium carbonate, the color fastnesses are more than grade 4 and the dosage of MZ-M is only 8-10% of that of Na₂CO₃.

Abstract: PALF (pineapple leaf fiber) is one of the abundant sources that have been used for ages to be processed as different end product. The methods to extract the fiber are abounding. However comparisons between the machines are needed to ascertain the better function of machines and whether all natural fibers can be extracted using the same exact machine. Data shown indicates that different types of methods used to extract the fibers and sometimes theoretically worked for certain types of fibers.

Abstract: The hydrophilic modification of poly (ethylene terephthalate)(PET) fabric is significant for industrial production. Its studied by ultraviolet radiation, nanoTiO₂, H₂O₂ and NaOH. The results show the best condition is 3%nanoTiO₂, 5%H₂O₂ and 3%NaOH, under 1000W UV radiation. With only about 30~35 minutes irradiation the PET fabric is nearly to wettable. For 40 minutes irradiation is super hydrophilic, the water contact angle of modified PET fabric can decrease to zero in 3 seconds. The wettability of modified PET fabric was examined. It shows the water absorption of modified PET fabric increase from 85% to 104%, and the capillary rise height can reach from 0.2 to 6.2 cm. Meanwhile the broken strength and elongation change of modified PET fabric tests show its mechanical and physical properties keep good.

Abstract: Discussion on application on ecological size on warp sizing in textile production, aimed to substitute PVA(Polyvinyl alcohol) as primary size in warp slashing, which has been used for a long term despite of poor degradation in nature. Concerning the ecological sizing, the key factors such as size property, sizing recipe as well as technique parameters known as sizing regain, moisture regain, elongation regain, squeezing pressure, viscosity of size glue, solid content and other factors has been discussed.

Abstract: Octyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (OTMAC) is a very efficient accelerant for reactive dyes on dyeing silk. In order to understand the accelerating mechanism, the interaction between dye molecules and OTMAC molecule was studied in this paper. The results showed that the DTMAC made the dye molecules assembled and the particle size of dye assemblages could reach to more than 500nm. The assembling of dye molecules leads to increase of the maximum absorption wavelength of dye. The higher the temperature is, the weaker the interaction between dye molecule and accelerant.

Abstract: The cationic cotton was obtained by pretreatment with tertiary amine cationic polyacrylamide, and dyed with various active groups reactive dyes in the absence of salt. The influences of reactive dye structures on dyeing properties were analyzed and the results showed that types of active groups in reactive dyes had little effect on dye exhaustion, but it was quite relative with dye reactivity and fixation. Reactive dyes with low molecular weight and more anionic groups were adsorbed more quickly on the cationic cotton and their adsorption time to reach adsorption equilibrium was shorter, compared with that with large molecular weight and less anionic groups. Moreover, exhaustion of reactive dyes with large molecular structures decreased due to sterically hindered effect in the salt-free dyeing. The results also displayed that the monochlorotriazine reactive dyes and the vinyl-sulfone ones were favorable to dye the cationic cotton without salt addition.

Abstract: In this paper, the application of the ultrasonic technology to the enzyme desizing pretreatment of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber was studied, and the different effect of such technology and traditional treatment on the PLA properties was also discussed. The results showed that, with the aid of the ultrasonic wave, the mass decrease rate and the whiteness of fiber increased 15% and 25% respectively, while the tear strength decreased nearly 6% after the enzyme pretreatment. Besides, the time of ultrasonic pretreatment also decreased 20% compared with traditional process. The optimal enzyme desizing conditions and fomula were accomplished, the concentration of H2O2 and refining agent should be 6 mL/L and 4 g/L, the recommended enzyme concentration was 5 g/L.

Abstract: In order to increase the fixation rate of reactive dye on silk, and decrease the dosage of accelerant, Octyl hexyl dimethyl ammonium bromide was synthesized and used as an new accelerant for reactive dyes to dye silk. The results showed that only little Octyl hexyl dimethyl ammonium bromide as accelerant, the dye up-take rates and fixation rates of reactive dyes was very high. The dosage of Octyl hexyl dimethyl ammonium bromide was 10 times less than sodium sulfate. And the color fastness of dyed silk was very high. The dyed silk with Octyl hexyl dimethyl ammonium bromide as accelerant could be cleanly washed by anion surfactant. These showed Octyl hexyl dimethyl ammonium bromide had promising application prospect.

Abstract: This paper used X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to determine the crystallinity of hemp fiber. The results show that the order of crystallinity is Segal method > Peak deconvolution method > Newman method > Infrared spectroscopy method. Both empirical formula and peak deconvolution method lead to deviation of crystallinity value. However, there is a less inaccuracy in peak deconvolution than empirical formula and could get detailed crystal parameters. Therefore, peak deconvolution method is more suitable than empirical formula for determination of crystallinity of hemp fiber.