Advanced Materials Research Vols. 838-841

Abstract: This paper presents experimental study on the evaluation of thermal performance of U and W type ground heat exchangers (GHEs). These GHEs were installed in a partially saturated landfill ground which was composed of silt and clay in the runway area of Incheon International airport. Thermal performance tests (TPTs) were conducted for 100 hours under the continuous operation condition. Heat exchange rate of individual GHE was evaluated from the TPT results, and construction cost was also estimated. The required Borehole length of U and W type GHEs was calculated considering real construction condition from GLD (ground loop design) program.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm that designs parametric louvers with excellence in environmental performance. Through the examination of the previous researches, all the possible geometric parameters of the louvers are listed. All of the listed parameters have undergone a parameter sensitivity test for their yearly direct solar radiation control performance. The research concludes with the refined list of valid formal parameters for the development of a parametric louver design algorithm.

Abstract: In order to recycle the salt in industrial waste water, non-filler evaporation tower is used to evaporate and concentrate saline water. Based on the heat and mass transfer theory, developed a mathematical model of evaporation tower. Experiment results showed that difference of the export air dry bulb temperature values between models calculated and tested is within 5%. It is proves the correctness of the mathematical model.

Abstract: Modern people spent nearly 90% of their time indoor, and therefore, indoor air quality can directly affect our health. Recently, air quality has been much more emphasized than ever. Since 1970s, many studies have shown that the indoor air quality (IAQ) at urban areas can be worse than the outdoor air quality. To investigate the current condition of urban indoor air quality as well as differences between various types of public venues, this study used either a direct-reading instrument or the method proposed by the Taiwan Environmental Administration (TWEPA) for monitoring indoor air quality. The acquired data were used for variation analysis of indoor air quality of different public venues. Fifteen public venues were selected in this study for monitoring their indoor air quality, and among these 15 public venues, four of them are Category I venues, while the remaining eleven are Category II venues. The measurement was conducted twice at each of the public venue, and the monitored pollutants are CO₂, CO, HCHO, TVOC, O₃, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, bacteria, fungi, humidity, and temperature. The results suggested that there were nine public venues in the first sampling and seven public venues in the second sampling with indoor air pollutant concentrations exceeding the standards. Furthermore, the concentrations of CO₂, CO, and O₃, from the two measurements exceeded the indoor air quality standards. Therefore, CO₂, CO, and O₃ can be considered as the main contributors to the poor indoor air quality of public venues. The high concentrations of CO₂ and O₃ indoor are related to population density and the use of O₃ generating machines, printers, or photocopiers. As for CO, the high concentration is because of the spread of exhaust gases from vehicles or factories may penetrate from outside to the indoor.

Abstract: Room air conditioners are commonly used for environmental control in daily life, however, the use of room air conditioners often leads to an uncontrolled indoor humidity level. This paper compared the characteristics of space cooling loads of a residential building in Beijing and Guangzhou, presented the results of hourly application sensible heat ratio (SHR) in the summer design day, discussed the problem of indoor humidity deviation due to the mismatching between application SHR and equipment SHR. It is suggested that room air conditioner should be designed differently according to its application condition.

Abstract: Due to phase change materials (PCMs) composition, machining error, measuring error and other factors, the PCMs thermal physical properties, geometric properties, etc are usually uncertain. As a result, phase change heat transfer process is an uncertainty heat transfer process. But at present, heat transfer characteristics research on phase change thermal storage are all based on certainty heat transfer models (Taken uncertainty factors as certainty factors). In this paper, it is considered factors uncertainty influencing phase change thermal storage heat transfer process. By looked on the variation scope of influence factors as "interval number", based on interval mathematics, perturbation method and finite difference method, "interval number" heat transfer model of phase change thermal storage is established. In this model, the uncertainty variables are decomposed into the sum of the nominal value and the deviation value. PCM uncertainty temperature field can be determined by calculated nominal value and the deviation value of PCM temperature field separately. Comparison between simulation results of the model and experimental data implies that it is necessary to consider influencing factors uncertainty in phase change thermal storage heat transfer analysis.

Abstract: The ground source heat pump technology has been maturing. However, related project designs are mostly following intuitive experience data, and are lack of the relationship between qualification in theory and quantitation in practice. To address this issue, this platform is devised for experimental research. Using this experimental platform, one can adjust for multiple conditions in one season, continuously record energy consumption data, and determine which mode has the best effect and lower energy consumption. Based on the experimental data, the analysis and research result can be referred by practical devising of the projects, and establish the relationship between qualification in theory and quantitation in practice, making the ground source heat pump be more energy-saving, economical and environmental friendly.

Abstract: The characteristics of Sheng Li (China) Lignite combustion under oxygen-enriched conditions were studied by thermogravimetric analysis , including TGDTG and DTA. Experiments on lignite combustion were carried out under four kinds of oxygen-enriched conditions (O_2/N₂ mixture atmospheres) and with a heating rate of 10°C/min. The experiments of working temperature range was 20°C-900°C. The combustion process, regarded as the first order reaction, was analyzed through the Gorbachev kinetic equation participants, which gained the conclusion that Sheng Li lignite combustion reaction shift to low temperature zone and kinetic parameters of combustion increase gradually when oxygen concentration increase.

Abstract: Determination of buildingenergy consumption index is important for building energy saving.This paper simulits energy consumption of fifty public building(incluiding 15 non - government office buildings, 11 government officebuildings, 12 shopping malls, 12 hotel buildings) after abandoning theunreasonable design and operation factors. We can obtain the building total energy consumption index andpartial energy consumption index.Then all types of building energy consumptiondata are processed with the method of mathematical statistics.We can get fourtypes of biuding energy consumption index and partial energy consumptionindex.This study can provide the basis for energy-saving operation andenergy-saving reformation.

Abstract: Solar energy is a clean energy, nowadays promoting environmental protection and energy conservation. Solar technology has been rapid development. Research group develop solar heat pump heating system. Solar heating was carried out in direct operation conditions. During the test, the average amount of solar radiation during the day is 47.7kWh and the average of the heat collection is 22.41kWh. Power consumption of system changes between 8.46kWh and 8.52kWh and the mean is 8.49kWh. The average of system efficiency is 0.35. During the test, room temperature meets the requirements.