Advanced Materials Research Vols. 838-841

Abstract: Spectral measurement is an important technology for measuring algal-chlorophyll in surface water. This paper provides a possibility of spectral signatures in the visible and near infrared, associated with experiments could be conduct to use proposed devise for outdoors in water environments. The overall objective of this study was to use development of micro controller based Spectrometer for finding possible spectral regions in which chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) could be identified so as to assist the assessment and monitoring of water quality spectrometric method. The main target is to develop very low cost effective with mobility and to get current data by accessing remotely. This study based on the application of linear regression analysis between the mean reflectance values (proposed Micro controlled visible Spectrometer-MVSM-C10988MA-01) across the spectrum and the concentrations of chlorophyll-a (μg/L) acquired simultaneously in situ measurement on the same day and time in the Ibaraki University Test Pond in Japan.

Abstract: Most pesticides mixing devices adopt open-loop control mode, its mixing precision is affected by undesired signal of mixing medicine line and the precision of pesticide injection equipment.In this paper the online pesticides mixing technology with closed-loop liquid injection method and the concentration tested as the feedback signal was studied in order to obtain the high efficiency and low cost online pesticides mixer. A pesticide mixing ratio detection method and equipment based on light permeability of pesticides, a pesticide injection device controlled by PWM duty cycle and a low power consumption control unit based on single chip microcomputer MSP430F149 are designed in the research. With these units above, an online pesticide mixer with mixing ratio feedback is constructed and a fixed-point tracking experiment on the Paraquat SL mixing pesticide and water by 1:200 is conducted. The result shows that the online pesticide mixer can acquire mixing ratio information in time,automatically adjust injection volume of pesticides and accurately tracks the set of mixing ratio. The error of mixing ratio relatively less than 4.3% and the regulating time not more than 2.6s.These mean that without flowmetre controlling the technological device can realize mixing pesticide online quickly with high precision ,and the device should be economical and practical, easy to generalize, in addition ,it reduced environment pollution and operators poison risk generated by pesticide spraying.

Abstract: The geological disaster is one of the important research contents of the field of Earth Science. In this paper, the method of theoretical knowledge,field surveys and laboratory experiments is adopted.The Erman Mountain in Hanyuan County is the research object.Analysis the environmental conditions,development characteristics and mechanism. Select the characters of landslide, geological structure, elevation, slope, slope, earthquake, rainfall and other factors as analysis variables. Combine GIS with fuzzy mathematical evaluation method, develop the landslide stability evaluation plug-in and then divide the risk regionalization of study area, in order to avoid occurrence of geological hazards in the area, reduce casualties and property losses. The results show that The occurrence of landslide areas are mainly concentrated in the elevation at about 1600 m and 30° ~ 50° slope area.With the increase of height and slope, the possibility of landslides is increasing.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show how to apply TRIZ to resolve difficulties and conflicts in Automatic Optical Inspection (AOI) for detecting surface defects on small metal parts and saving effort-spent (energy saving). TRIZ has been well-known as a creative and innovative thinking theory in solving engineering and technology contradictions in the last two decades. However, few studies and practical usage were proposed in AOI area. Conflicts occurring in AOI are discussed to demonstrate the ideas guided by 39 TRIZ management parameters, 40 innovative principles, and contradiction matrix. The results show that TRIZ is able to provide direct, quick and effective alternatives to resolve the conflicts in AOI. In this manner, huge effort and cost can be saved in further execution stage. In this paper, the detection for surface defects on small and precise metal part are utilized as a case study to describe the proposed TRIZ-based conflicts-solution in AOI implementation.

Abstract: The spectrophotometric determination has been widely used by virtue of low investment, simple equipment, convenient operation and high accuracy. The study discussed the application of picramazochrom spectrophotometry to measure Co (II) in the bacterial culture media including LB, NA and TGY medium. The parameters of chromogenic reaction containing absorption wavelength, buffer solution volume, chromogenic reagent volume and developing time were optimized. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph was linear in the concentration range of 0~1.5mg/L (r²=0.9991) for Co (II). The LB, NA and TGY medium prepared with standard order (pH 7.0~7.4) have obvious influences on the measurement of Co (II) under shaking conditions (37°C, 120rpm), and the influence rates up to 43.46%, 40.32% and 18.03%, respectively. After the pH value of these media being adjusted to between 5 and 6, the influence rates were interestingly controlled in 5%. This picramazochrom spectrophotometry can be successfully applied to determine the Co (II) concentration in microbe media.

Abstract: Compared to aerial images, there are more complicated image distortion and occlusion in non-metric digital images in the aspect of close-range photogrammetry, which increase the difficulty of the image matching dramatically. Due to the particularity of non-metric digital images taken in alpine and gorge regions, this paper proposes a probability relaxation matching algorithm with an improved searching strategy. The algorithm integrates the gird points with feature points to determine the initial point matching process and conducts multiple constraints in the respects of epipolar lines and parallax to ensure the continuity and correctness of matching. The experiment shows the algorithm is applicable for the matching of non-metric digital images in alpine and gorge regions, whose stereo matching correctness can reach up to 98% in alpine and gorge regions.

Abstract: Molybdenum blue colorimetric method is one of the standard methods of detecting soil available phosphorus and is crucial to guide variable fertilization. In practice, however, we find that color-developing temperature and stable time could affect test results. To ensure precision, in this paper we conducted a comprehensive experiment under the temperature range from 10°C to 40°C and time range from 0 to 80 minutes after color reaction and compared the test results in single calibration mode with that in repetitive calibration mode. Eventually we optimized temperature and testing time conditions in the two different calibration modes respectively. Under the optimum conditions we conducted a verification test using 55 soil samples which were collected from main crop-growing regions of China. The test results had a better linear correlation with standard results (R² = 0.97) and a small mean relative error (MRE = 0.047), which could meet the accuracy requirement of variable fertilization.

Abstract: Fine rolled twisted bars as the vertical prestressed reinforcement has been widely used in the prestressed concrete box girder, but it is hard to effectively control the loss of prestressed force in the practical engineering. Too much loss of prestressed force will lead to diagonal cracks in box girder webs. According to the dynamic theory, take the exposed segment of fine rolled twisted bars as the beam model, take the anchorage segment as a rigid arm and two elastic supports, this article establishes the plane elastic support model of vertical prestressed fine rolled twisted bar. The nonlinear relationship between vertical prestressed tensile force P and the plane stiffness of elastic supports K is established by an indoor experiment, and at the same time the anchoring section stiffness coefficient method is used to verify the effectiveness of this method and conduct an engineering application. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the test of vertical prestressed tensile force in box girder.

Abstract: With the increasing emphasis on national environmental issues, air quality has increasingly aroused peoples discuss. Therefore, it is significantly meaningful to devise a set of monitoring for regional air quality system. This paper introduces the design of a sensor network based on air quality monitoring system. It has achieved the purpose of air quality of real-time data collection with long-distance transmission, which has the characteristics of light weight, convenient, easy to layout. The system ether adopts CC2530 SCM and the relative sensor data acquisition, or utilizes ZigBee to realize the collection of air quality data consisting of a star network. The GPRS module provides the original data by UDP protocol.

Abstract: Because of rapid population growth in urban development, land development needs to be expanded. The existing landfill is usually required to be removed to attain more available land space and to improve the environments for the metropolitan area. When the landfill above the ground level is dredged and removed, due to the swelling phenomenon of the underground landfill, the terrain elevation may change over time. This usually causes disputes between landlord and contractor on the actual amount of dredged earthwork. This study will use both traditional survey instruments and modern three dimensional laser scanning instruments to measure the ground elevation change with time. The swelling rate at different periods of time will be computed. These results may provide a useful reference for similar future cases.