Advanced Materials Research Vol. 852

Abstract: The study was to investigate the pyrolysis technology of the Recovered Fuel produced from waste tire. Waste tire block was disposed of the pyrolysis in resource chemical plant to produce the Recovered Fuel. The pyrolysis operation was controlled by a Catalyst, pyrolysis temperature and reaction time. In general, the set flash point, sulfur content and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the reaction time for significant impact. The set flash point and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the pyrolysis temperature for significant impact. The set flash point, sulfur content and heat value of the Recovered Fuel ameliorate with the pyrolysis processing Catalyst B13A.The results also show the production techniques and commercialization of marketing orientation in accordance with appropriate operating conditions in this study.

Abstract: The present research was involved in forming Pyrolysis condition of Catalysis, Pyrolysis Temperature and Reaction Time etc. In addition to ameliorate Flash Point, Sulfur content and Heat Value of the Recovered Fuel from Waste Tire after pyrolysis process in resource chemical plant. This study explored optimal pyrolysis condition of Recovered Fuel production based to improve its Flash point, sulfur content and heat value. The results can serve as a reference to the Recovered Fuel production process design. Improve Recovered Fuel quality, reduce energy consumption and sulfur content, flash point and heat value of Recovered Fuel can meet the national standards. Besides finding a suitable pyrolysis condition, this study also conducted analysis on product property and developed technique to improve process and product property, as an important reference for future studies.

Abstract: The data from the air quality auto monitoring system in main urban area of Beijing were used to analyze the concentrations and relationship of six pollutants including gaseous pollutants O₃, CO, SO₂, NO₂ and particulates PM₁₀, PM_2.5 in the spring of 2013. During this time gaseous pollutants caused little pollution and was acceptable. The particulates caused more pollution to ambient air quality especially in PM_2.5 and their concentrations were far above the annual mean value of Chinese standard. The concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 had similar variation trend and their correlation was significant particularly. AQI showed long-term situation in slight pollution in the spring of Beijing with PM_2.5, and residents gathered pollution was still more serious.

Abstract: The waste cooking oils was prepared into biodiesel by transesterification. The optimum conditions are: waste oil 73 g, temperature 60°C, methanol solution25 ml, NaOH amount 1.0 g and reaction time 60 min. The properties of biodiesel are close to that of 0# diesel.

Abstract: The impact of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on two-phase mesophilic (35°C) anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge was studied under mixing ratio of 1:1 on the TS basis. Laboratory-scale, two-phase anaerobic digestion systems were employed with each system consisting of an acidogenic reactor and a methanogenic reactor linked in series. For the acidogenic phase, an increase of volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration was observed as HRT increased from 1d to 5d and the HRT of 5d was recommended for significantly higher VFA production and less propionate percentage, which could provide stable and favourable substrates for the methane reactor. Under acidogenic HRT of 5d, 20d was proved to be the optimum HRT for methanogenic phase with the methane content, methane production rate, methane yield and two-phase VS removal rate reached 71%, 0.7L/(L·d), 0.69L/gVS_removed and 64.7%, respectively. Results verified that the constraints of conventional anaerobic digestion for food waste or sewage sludge separately could be overcome by synergistic effect of co-digestion strategy and two-phase treatment.

Abstract: Bio-based biodegradable materials like poly (lactic acid), PLA has been using in many field in different forms due to its advantages in facing greenhouse gas emission. Long-term degradation behavior in nature soil is not a good way to evaluate the biodegradability of PLA, an accelerated biodegradation of PLA in soil bacterial suspensions was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. The degradation behavior of PLA nonwovens with basic weight of 80g/m² and 23g/m² were studied using mechanical testing, SEM and FTIR analysis. Results showed that an anaerobic biodegradation was found during the degradation of PLA, no significant shifts or formation of new bands in FT-IR test. A number of cracks speared on fiber surface means biodegradation happened in amorphous part in fibers. Heavy basic weight nonwoven showed faster biodegradation than that of a light one.

Abstract: A China-V Heavy-duty diesel engine fueled with blends of 5%, 10%, 20%, 50% waste cooking oil biodiesel and diesel (marked separately BD5, BD10, BD20, BD50), pure biodiesel (BD100) and pure diesel (D100), was tested on full load speed characteristics and 1400 r/min and 2200 r/min load characteristics to study influence of biodiesel fuel and engine conditions on particle size distributions and particle number concentration. The results show that when fueled with blends containing less than 50% biodiesel, the particle number concentrations show single peak distribution curves (nucleation mode), for the pure biodiesel, particle number concentrations show bimodal distribution including nucleation mode and accumulation mode on full load speed characteristics and 1400 r/min and 2200 r/min load characteristics; on full load speed characteristics, for BD100, the peak of particle number concentration of BD100 is lowest, compared with D100, it is about one order of magnitude lower; on 1400r/min load characteristics, with the biodiesel proportion increasing, the number of nucleation mode and accumulation mode particles decreases; on lower than 1800 r/min full load speed characteristics and 1400 r/min and 2200 r/min load characteristics, with the biodiesel proportion increasing, the particle number concentration decreases.

Abstract: An experimental study was conducted in a high-pressure common-rail diesel engine fueled with biodiesel-diesel blends (the volume ratio of biodiesel is 20%). Influences of post-injection parameters on gaseous and particulate emissions are studied. The results show that post injection timing has greater influence on particulate emissions of biodiesel engine in comparison with post injection quantity. With the delay of post injection timing, NO_X emissions firstly reduce and then increase and again slightly reduce, while particulate emissions initially increase and then decrease and again soar, indicating a trade-off relationship. With the increase of post injection quantity, NO_X emissions hardly change except at the low engine load, while particulate emissions increase in general. In order to improve the emission performance comprehensively, the injection parameters have to be recalibrated and split injection strategy has to be reformulated when the diesel engine is fueled with biodiesel blends.

Abstract: In the paper, Construction technology and equipment improvement of plastic drainage boards driven in land area are studied. Because overlying hardpan is thick in some areas, drainage plate cant be driven by common vibratory board machine. In allusion to this instance, the machine was refitted to superficial drilling holes machine, a bore was drilled and then the drainage plate was driven to deal with the foundations covered with thick hardpan. Performance of this technology is researched and explored to deal with a complex foundation treatment by reclamation silt.

Abstract: Based on the data and laboratory analysis of Sun-Cun Coal Mine, the relationship between the geothermal gradient and the depth of mine in Suncun Coal Mine has been developed. According to this and the laboratory experiments, the relationship between spontaneous combustion period of coal seam and the depth of the mine has been obtained in this article. The results show that the law of coal seam spontaneous combustion period and the mine depth in accordance with the relationship of the gauss curve expression and when the coal mine depth is around 1000 m, the coal seam spontaneous combustion period shortened dramatically. This law should be pay more attention to.