Advanced Materials Research Vols. 850-851

Abstract: One-dimensional nanostructures exhibit interesting electronic and optical properties due to their low dimensionality leading to quantum confinement effects. ZnO has received lot of attention as a nanostructured material because of unique properties rendering it suitable for various applications. In this paper, ZnO nanowires are synthesized in large quantity through thermal oxidation of brass (Cu_0.7Zn_0.3 alloy). The epitaxial relationship between the brass substrates and ZnO layer and the epitaxial relationship between the ZnO nanowire and ZnO layer have been examined.

Abstract: A multi-finger nMOST is widely used as an electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection device especially in the input/output pads. However, the contact-spiking leakage phenomenon in an MOST are seriously impacted the ESD capability. Therefore, one drain-side engineering is investigated in this paper, i.e., by adding a negative-type well (nWell) structure in the drain-side of device, hoping to avoid contact-spiking issues to enhance ESD reliability. The nWell width variations will be explored the influence on snapback parameters of ESD devices in a 0.35μm 3.3V low voltage (LV) process. However, after a systematic analysis, it is found that adding an nWell structure in the drain-side will lower ESD capability (I_t2 value) about 24% for this process. And, as compared with the original reference DUT, adding any nWell in the drain-side will make the V_h value slightly decreasing about 1%.

Abstract: In this study, WO₃/TiO₂ nanotube array photoelectrodes were fabricated by anodic oxidation and electro-deposition method. The effects of WO₃, H₂O₂, oxygen, and pH value were investigated in the degradation of Dimethyl phthalate (DMP). Results show that the photocatalytic property of the photoelectrode was improved by the modification of WO₃. The degradation rate of DMP was increased by 9.3% after 120min irradiation. H₂O₂ could significantly promote the degradation of DMP. The degradation rate of DMP was increased by 27.9% and arrived 97.5% after 120 min irradiation. A certain amount of O₂ added to the solution had positive effect on the degradation of DMP. While excessive O₂ would undermine the degradation. The degradation rate of DMP was improved in both acidic condition and alkaline condition. It was separately increased by 38.4% and 40.2% at the pH value of 3.0 and 7.0, compared with that of pH = 7.

Abstract: Dispersion of nanoalumina in normal saline (NS) and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was studied. The effects of different dispersing methods were investigated. The results showed nanoalumina was better dispersed in NS than PBS. And sonication was a more effective method that helped deaggregation compared with vortex oscillation. Finally, the influence of sonication time on the particle size and the stability of the sonicated NS suspension were studied using dynamic light scattering. The aggregation size was decreased to about 130 nm after ten-minute sonication and maintained when increasing sonication time. The particles would aggregate again during the storing time. The results of this study need to be taken into account prior to dosing in nanoalumina toxicology studies.

Abstract: The lattice constants of crystal are the basis of the valence electron structure calculation with the bond length difference method of the empirical electron theory of the solid and molecules. However, the lattice constants change with temperature and pressure. In this paper, according to the nature of thermal expansion of crystal and generalized Hookes law, the relationships among lattice constants, temperature and pressure are established by using linear thermal expansion coefficient and elastic constant. Taken the lattice constants of hexagonal graphite as an example, the calculation results agree with experimental data greatly, which prove the viability of this calculation method.

Abstract: This article Synthesis of carbohydrate ligands of coordination ability, to react with metal Chlorides to get more stable complexes, and elemental analysis, infrared, Ultraviolet Spectroscopic characterization and analysis of nuclear magnetic resonance. Characterization of its structure and study on the hydrolysis activity of pnitrophenyl picolinate lipid and the activity of pnitrophenol solution of phosphate, disodium macrocyclic polyamine catalyzed by macrocyclic polyamine metal complexes. The results show that the effect of hydrolytic activity of macrocyclic polyamine complexes is much larger than the hydrolysis activity of ordinary metal complexes; it can be important significance to find a better way of cutting nucleic acid by hydroxylation.

Abstract: All-solid-state composite polymer electrolyte is a multiphase material that adopted an organic polymer as the main matrix. Performance improvement of electrolyte materials can be achieved by complexation between functional groups from the polymer molecular chain and the ions and, by adjusting the component and proportion of polymer and modified filler. This manuscript presents a new idea for preparation composite polymer electrolyte based on the poly (ethylene oxide). We use scanning electron microscopy (SEM), AC impedance measurements etc. to character the polymer electrolyte and their properties. We observed a very large improvement of ion conductivity by adding appropriate content of dropping fillers.

Abstract: To investigate more about the interaction of mixing odorants, a series of sensory tests were conducted using five ketones [butanone (Bu), 2-Pentanone (Pe), 2-Hexanone (Hex), 2-Heptanone (Hep), 2-Octanone (Oc)] at varying concentration levels. The determination of odor threshold (OT) was initially conducted by the triangle odor bag method (GB/T 14675, China). The odor activity values (OAVs) of individual odorants at a wide range of concentrations were derived from concentration-to-odor threshold ratios. The resulting data were then evaluated to define the empirical relationship for each ketone between the OAV and odor intensity (OI) scaling. Based on the relationships defined for each individual ketone, the OI values were estimated for a synthetic mixture of five ketones. The effect of mixing was then examined by assessing those estimated OI values with the actually measured OI values. The overall results of this study confirmed that the OI values of the synthetic mixture is not governed by the common theoretical basis (e.g., rule of additivity, synergism, or a stronger component model) but is best represented by the averaged contribution of all ketone components. Thus, the odor intensity (OI) of a given mixture sample containing odorants with similar chemical properties can be accessed through the conversion from its concentration value with the application of empirical equations instead of direct measurement by the human test panel.

Abstract: Eight nanosized CaCO₃ (nanoCaCO₃) manufacturing workplaces in a plant were investigated for the possible exposure to nanoparticles (NPs). Personal sampling, area sampling, and real-time monitoring were performed using CPC (condensation particle counter) and OPC (optical particle counter) to characterize the mass exposure, particle size distribution, and particle number exposure. Only the mass concentration for area samplings in package and waste treatment workplaces were found to exceed the PNOS (particles not otherwise specified; 3 mg/m³) set by ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists), but lower than the OELs (occupational exposure levels, 4.0 mg/m³) set by the China Ministry of Health for CaCO₃ fine, other workplaces were relatively lower than existing occupational exposure limits. The NPs and fine particles were most frequently released in package and waste treatment workplaces lacking of the engineering control. The mass concentration for area sampling in waste treatment workplace reached their highest values at 3.2647 mg/m³, while the number concentration in package workplace reached their highest values at 4.07×10¹¹ pt/m³. So the workplaces of package and recovering particles in nanoCaCO₃ handling progress were the major emission sources of NPs.