Advanced Materials Research Vol. 880

Abstract: In the work digital x-ray apparatus on the basis of the gas-discharge linear detector is considered. X-ray images of laboratory rats are presented. Application prospects of gas-discharge detectors as a solution of the up-to-date radiographic problems are deduced.

Abstract: Research results of cooling speed influence on structure and properties lead tin bronze are given in this article. Cooling speed changed by casting mold heating to various temperatures. Following the researches results it is shown that cooling speed growth leads to growth of hardness, strength on samples stretching. Decrease in cooling speed gives decrease in hardness and strength on stretching, but at the same time the impact strength of samples increases. Results of metalgraphic researches showed that such properties changes are connected with phase structure change of cast samples.

Abstract: The paper shows that high thermal stability of the ultrafine-grained structure of aluminum alloy produced by severe plastic deformation is related to S-phase particles. The sequence of phase transformations of zirconium-doped ultrafine-grained alloy Al-Mg-Li in heating is revealed. The paper also determines temperatures at which depending on crystal structure two types of S-phase particles can form.

Abstract: Processing of copper substrates by Ti ions was carried out using «KVANT-03MI» equipment by means of a vacuum-arc ionic source with the titanium cathode. By X-ray and SEM methods it was established that after ionization in the surface layer of substrate the intermetallides of Cu-Ti system form. There is the CuTi₃ preferred phase in surface layer of substrate depending on time of processing by Ti ions. The mechanism of formation of observable net structure of surface layer by sputtering of copper atoms by Ti ions the subsequent deposition and their crystallization in the form of microislets of CuTi₃ intermetallide on surface of a copper substrate have been suggested.

Abstract: The structure and phase composition of an ultrafine-grained aluminum alloy subjected to tension under superplasticity conditions are studied. It is shown that phase transformations governed by solid solution decomposition occur in the surface layer. The rate of these phase transformations in the near-surface layer is higher due to intensive grain boundary sliding. Maximum changes of the structural-phase state of the alloy are observed in a near-surface layer of about 10 μm thick.

Abstract: Nanocrystals of stable, tetragonal tin dioxide have been synthesized using microwave processing, and the effect of microwave heating on the structural phase transformations of the tin compounds involved has been examined. The results are used to determine microwave heating parameters that ensure strong bonding of nanocrystals to the surface of polypropylene nonwoven.

Abstract: This paper presents a mathematical model of oxygen cutting of the plate. It takes into account not only possible heat losses from the treatment zone, but also the heat release doe to the oxidation reaction. In turn, the oxidation leads to plate thickness change. The model allows analyzing the temperature distribution during the cutting process for different modes. The following cutting modes are revealed in the model: surface cutting, detail splitting, kinetic and diffusion regime.

Abstract: Regularities of the dicyclopentadiene cationic oligomerization under influence of the catalytic system AlEt2Cl: TiCl4 in toluene solution were studied. The most probable mechanism of polymerization in this system is the propagation chain on the contact or solvate-separated ion pairs. The effective rate constant of solvation of the catalyst and chain propagation were calculated. The thermal oligomerization effect and heat of the catalyst system components solvation are determined by heat of oligomerization raw material containing dicyclopentadiene. When taking into account the data of both material and thermal balance the experimental data were described adequately.

Abstract: Thepaper Presents Biological Properties of Threefine-Dispersed Materials, Namely Metallurgical Sludge, Colloidal Silver Andmulti-Wall Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) Exposing Oilseed Rape Plants. the Stimulationof Plant’s Growth by Silver Nanoparticles and the Intensification of Plantpigments Synthesis by MWCNT have been Experimentally Demonstrated. A Small Decreasein Energy and Germination Capacity were Noticed Whereby Colloidal Silver Hadthe Lowest Suppressive Effect, MWCN Tubes had the Highest Effect, and Sludge Wasfound in between Two above-Mentioned Materials. According to the Research, the Usageof Sludge is the most Effective at the Concentration of 10 and 100 g/l,colloidal Silver – 10 g/l and 300 g/l, MWCNT – 0,001 g/l and 1 g/l.

Abstract: As a result of the conducted calculation experiments, optimum ratio of thickness of coverings to the diameter of the fuel core of the dispersive nuclear fuel was determined. It provides maximum duration of the fuel operating periods. New information about parameters of internal block effect and resonance neutrons capture in a nuclear fuel in the energy range up to 100eV is received. The research has been carried out with the support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, agreement № 14.B37.21.0473, 2012, August, 3rd.