Alignment and Surface Modification of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Polymeric Composites

Abstract:

Polymer matrices add carbon nanotubes have significantly improved mechanical and electrical properties at very low carbon nanotube loading. That mechanical and electrical properties of aligned composites are better than those of random ones has been demonstrated in past studies. The non-conductive barriers of surface contaminants and weakly bound polymer layers will deform on the surface of composite resulted from the effects of micro gravity and oxidization. Addition of the adaptive plasma modification makes improvement in the surface properties of the composites is necessary. In this study, we actively align and network multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a polymer matrix, then adopt O₂/CF₄ radio frequency (RF) plasma to modify the surface of polymeric composite. MWCNTs were aligned using an AC electric field to elicit dipolar interactions among the nanotubes in a viscous matrix following immobilization by curing under continuous application of an anisotropic electric field, and the barriers of surface contaminants and weakly bound polymer layers can be reduced to the smallest degree or eliminated by RF plasma modification. Consequently, the MWCNTs polymeric composite amplify the flexural modulus, wear resistance, and electrical conductivity in the reality.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 881-883)
• Pages: 872-881
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.881-883.872
• Online since: January 2014
• Authors: Ming Wen Wang*
• Keywords: Aligned Composites, Carbon Nanotube (CN), Plasma Modification, Polymeric Composite

References

[1] P. M. Ajayan: Chem. Rev. Vol. 99 (1999), p.1787.

[2] Y. Zou, Y. Feng, L. Wang, and X. Liu: Carbon Vol. 42 (2004), p.271.

[3] C. Park, J. Wilkinson, S. Banda, Z. Ounaies, K. E. Wise, G. Sauti, P. T. Lillejei, and J. S. Harrison: J. Polym. Sci., Part B Vol. 44 (2006), p.1751.

[4] D. Qian, E.C. Dickey, R. Andrews, and T. Rantell: Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 76 (2000), p.2868.

[5] C. Park C: Chemical Physical Letters Vol. 364 (2002), p.303.

[6] H.T. Ham, Y.S. Choi, and J.I. Chung: J. Colloid and Interface Sci. Vol. 286 (2005), p.216.

[7] J.P. Salvetat, A.D. Briggs, J.M. Bonard, R.R. Bacsa, A.J. Kulik, T. Stockli, N.A. Burnham, and L. Forro: Phys. Rev. Lett. Vol. 82 (1999), p.944.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.82.944

[8] E.S. Choi, J.S. Brooks, D.L. Eaton, M.S. Haik, M.Y. Hussaini, H. Garmestani, D. Li, and K.J. Dahmen: Appl. Phys. Vol. 94 (2003), p.6034.

[9] J. Sandler, M.S.P. Shaffer, T. Prasse, W. Bauhofer, K. Schulte, and A.H. Windle.: Polymer Vol. 40 (1999), p.5967.

DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00166-4

[10] X.L. Xie, Y.W. Mai, and X.P. Zhou.: Mater. Sci. Eng. R Vol. 49 (2005), p.89.

[11] L. Jin, C. Bower, and O. Zhou: Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 73 (1998), p.1197.

[12] E.S. Choi, J.S. Brooks, D.L. Eato, M.S. Al-Haik, M.Y. Hussaini, H. Garmestani, D. Li, and K.J. Dahmen: Appl. Phys. Vol. 94 (2003), p.5451.

[13] S. Kumar, T. D. Dang, F. E. Arnold, A. R. Bhattacharyya, B. G. Min, X. Zhang, R. A. Vaia, C. Park, W. W. Adams, R. H. Hauge, R. E. Smalley, S. Ramesh, and P. A. Willis: Macromolecules Vol. 35 (2002), p.9039.

DOI: 10.1021/ma0205055

[14] K. Yamamoto, S. Akita, and Y. Nakayama: Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 35 (1996), p. L917.

[15] K. Yamamoto, S. Akita, and Y. Nakayama: J. Phys. D Vol. 31 (1998), p. L34.

[16] X. Q. Chen, T. Saito, H. Yamada, and K. Matsushige: J. Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 78 (2001), p.3714.

[17] L. A. Nagahara, I. Amlani, J. Lewenstein, and R. K. Tsui: Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 80 (2002), p.3826.

[18] R. Krupke, F. Hennrich, H. V. Löhneysen, and M. M. Kappes: Science Vol. 301 (2003), p.344.

[19] M. W. Wang, T. C. Hsu, and C. H. Weng: Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 42 (2008), p.69.

[20] T. Prasse, J. Y. Cavaillé, and W. Bauhofer: Compos. Sci. Technol. Vol. 63 (2003), p.1835.

[21] C. A. Martin, J. K. W. Sandler, A. H. Windle, M. K. Schwarz, W. Bauhofer, K. Schulte, and M.S.P. Shaffer: Polymer Vol. 46 (2005), p.877.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.11.081

[22] M. W. Wang: Jap. J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 48 (2009), p.35002.

[23] T. B. Jones: Dielectromechanics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K. (1995).

[24] H. A. Pohl: J. Appl. Phys. Vol. 22 (1951), p.869.

[25] J. Sandler, M.S.P. Shaffer, T. Prasse, W. Bauhofer, K. Schulte, and A.H. Windle.: Polymer Vol. 40 (1999), p.5967.

DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00166-4

[26] H. Morgan and N. G. Green: AC Electrokinetics: Colloids and Nanoparticle., Research Studies Press, Hertfordshire, U.K. (2003).

[27] M. P. Hughes, H. Morgan, F. J. Rixon, J. P. H. Burt, and R. Pethig: Biochim. Biophys. Acta Vol. 119 (1998), p.1425.

[28] CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, ed. D. R. Lide (CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1994) 88th ed., Sec. 13.

DOI: 10.1021/ja077011d