Advanced Materials Research Vols. 926-930

Abstract: Basic research of adsorptive desulfurization was carried out concerning the high total sulfur concentration of C₄ hydrocarbon which was the reason for exceeding total sulfur concentration of MTBE. Based on the screening of active components, Cu (II)-Ce (IV) bimetal ion-exchanged 13X zeolites were prepared. Desulfurization performance of 13X zeolites modified with different metals was investigated by using model C₄ hydrocarbon which contained dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), and tert-butyl mercaptan (TBM). The Cu (II)-Ce (IV)/13X zeolites exhibited better desulfurization performance for C₄ hydrocarbon due to the formation of sulfur-metal (S-M) bond between metal and sulfur compounds.

Abstract: The shore zone of reservoir is an important transition zone between water ecological system and land ecological system in exchange material, energy and information. As a buffer area on the edge of the reservoir, the reservoir shore zone plays an important role in water and soil conservation, and purifies water quality. Most of the previous studies on reservoir shore focused on large reservoirs, while the number of small and medium reservoirs are often important source of local production and living water, therefore, it is necessary to study the vegetation pattern and its ecological effect of small and medium-sized reservoir shore zone, and put forward the suitable plant species in different conditions and optimize pattern of small and medium-sized reservoirs, thus improve the ecological effect of water and soil conservation, and purifying water quality. That would prevent and reduce the silting of small and medium-sized reservoir, and enhance the water storage capacity.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on water use and economic benefit of processing tomato in an arid environment. The results indicated that seasonal total irrigation water applied to processing tomato was significantly (p<0.05) saved by 14.3% to 42.9% under RDI compared to full irrigation. The irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of processing tomato was significantly improved with 32.4% and 57.2% in RDI plots respectively subjected to high and low water deficits at seedling as well as 26.1% in RDI plots subjected to low deficit at late fruiting compared with full irrigation, but no difference (p>0.05) occurred between fully irrigated crops and RDI plants subjected to water deficits at full fruiting as well as low deficit at late fruiting. However, in comparison with fully irrigated crops IWUE was significantly reduced with 20.5% and 22.2% in RDI plants both subjected to water deficits at flowering. Compared to full irrigation, the net income was significantly reduced with 11.3% to 45.3% in RDI plots except that subjected to low water deficit at seedling. Therefore, low water deficit RDI at seedling while full irrigation during flowering to late fruiting could be used to effectively reduce irrigation water application and improve IWUE of processing tomato without causing economic benefit reduction in arid areas.

Abstract: To investigate the pollution degree of heavy metals in soil around lead zinc plant, we set 27 sampling points in the lead-zinc plant in the longitudinal and transverse to sample in the field and analyzed the samples through a survey and an analysis of terrain and climate of the farmland soil around the lead-zinc plant. The results show that the soil heavy metal pollution from large to small is Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cu, As, in which Cd, Hg and Zn are heavy pollution.

Abstract: Taking the region around Zhengzhou as a study area, the urban building information was extracted from TM images of 2006 and 2010 through the decision tree method. On the whole, the result of extraction is satisfactory. The overall quality coefficients of urban building information were all above 0. 89. From 2006 to 2010, the area of urban building has increased from 196.2 km2 to 279.5 km2; a net increase ratio of the urban building in the study area was 42.4%. Urban building has presented the trend of expansion from the center of the city. The main direction of expansion in the west and northeast whiles the expansion in the other directions evenly. The factors of traffic, population, economic were thought to be the most important driving force of urban expansion.

Abstract: To date, environmental issues become increasingly prominent, especially heavy metal (Pb and Zn) pollution of soil. This paper describes the procedure of detecting heavy metal content in soil from Zhuzhou Smelting in order to understand the contamination degree of heavy metals. An extensive soil survey was conducted in the plant include lead and zinc major production areas. Microwave digestion and ICP-AES technology were used to test metal content in soil. The results revealed that the soil in the area had been polluted by Pb and Zn, however, the pollution degree of each type of metals was not identical. In general, the Smelting was slightly polluted by heavy metals, with the highest concentration being in the Zinc sulfide plant. The heavy metal content in deep soil was a little bit higher than surface except for the Zinc sulfide plant. The reason may related to its particular location.

Abstract: In view of the seriously drought and the condition that the water level in Changsha reach continuously break the historical lowest records in recent years, the variation law of low water level in Changsha reach and the impact of the Three Gorges Projects operation on low water level were studied. The results show that the water level in the same discharge and the monthly averaged water level and the lowest water level all decrease year by year, and the appearance time of the lowest water level in recent years is earlier. The lowest water level in Changsha reach isnt much connected with the variation of water level in Dongting lake, but connected with the riverbed undercutting caused by the operation of hydro-junction and the excavation of sand. The appearance time advance of the lowest water level is connected with the Three Gorges Projects operation.

Abstract: Traditional artificial perception quality control methods of marine environment monitoring data have many disadvantages, including high labor costs and mistakes of data review. Based on GIS spatial analysis technology, Marine Environment Monitoring Data Quality Control System is established according to the Bohai Sea monitoring regulation. In the practical application process, it plays the role of improving efficiency of quality control, saving the manpower and financial resources. It also provides an important guarantee for the comprehensive analysis and management of marine environment data.

Abstract: Total control target for pollution emission is the principal mode in China within a long period in the future, and therefore pollution reduction allocation is a key issue for pollution control. This paper describes an integrated theory and methodology of industrial pollution reduction among administrative regions, including 1) three basic principles, 2) an index system, 3) an innovative optimal allocation model based on combination of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), and 4) an empirical research on allocation of industrial chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of 17 sub-regions of Shandong province in China. The results of the empirical research were conformed to the basis of sustainable development. This integrated theory and methodology are applied but not limited in pollution reduction, having broad application prospect in the optimization of the use of environmental resources.

Abstract: The effects of hygienization and moisture content on pyrolysis of sewage sludge obtained from wastewater treatment plants were examined in this study. The sewage sludge samples with CaO, without CaO, dry and wet (70 wt.% moisture) were used. The pyrolysis experiments were conducted in two reactor setups at 750 °C and 850 °C. The effect of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate on the gaseous pyrolysis products as well as thermal behavior of sewage sludge were investigated. The CaO addition increased the total yield of pyrolysis gaseous products, whereas moisture significantly increased CO₂ production as well as CO and CH₄.