Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: This study developed a prediction system for forecasting consequences of accidents based on real-time meteorological conditions. This system was established by making couple of atmospheric numerical modeling system, atmospheric dispersion model, source emission calculations module and data post-processing module. It is capable to predict concentrations of hazardous gases and harm extents in emergency. This system can provide decision makers with accurate and timely guidance, so as to minimize hazards to people and the environment.

Abstract: Most common household spray aerosols, such as insecticide aerosols and air freshener aerosols, are often regarded as same kind of products by many users. Flammable grades of the two kinds of spray aerosols most available in China were researched based on the tests of UN Recommendations of the Transport of Dangerous Goods - Model Regulations. According to the tests, though the two aerosols are both labeled with “Flammable” marks, insecticide aerosols sold in China, mostly can be classified as “Extremely Flammable” grade, and most air freshener aerosols are “Not Flammable”. Such research is benefit to the good manage of transportation, storage and usage for these two kinds of aerosol products.

Abstract: The paper reviewed the types, causes and dangers of harbor environmental risks, and took the environmental risk assessment on a typical harbor as an example. The case study carried out regional risk analysis and ship traffic source analysis on location, environmentally sensitive resource distribution, cargo types and volume and regional traffic volume. Pollution on the coastline and the sea by oil and chemical were forecasted through computer numerical simulation combined with scenario analysis. According to the simulation, it is recommended that putting forward appropriate preventive measures in terms of emergency equipment, contingency plans and emergency measures.

Abstract: Gas accident is one of the most common accidents in coal mine in china. This paper argues that the gas dangerousness is determined by many factors which are difficult to quantitative risk, and deems these factors are quantified and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, comprehensive evaluation, which are benefit evaluation and master the coal mine’s gas safety level, and determine the safety investment direction and improve the benefit of safety investment that will reduce the coal mine gas occurrence probability, so as to reduce and avoid the happening of coal mine gas accident. The basic steps: first, to analyze and master all kinds of gas accident reasons; Second, to determine the assemble of the gas risk factors evaluation, determine the evaluation grade assemble; Third, to proceed the single factor evaluation, determine fuzzy relationship matrix and the fuzzy weight vector of evaluation factor, and to choose the appropriate composition operator, vector analysis with the result of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; Finally, people will take corresponding measures to prevent according to the result of evaluation that shows safety weaknesses.

Abstract: Based on the special circumstances of public safety at the railway station region, the risk assessment index system of public safety in this area is built. Analytic Hierarchy Process is selected as the method of decision making and comprehensive assessment. Taking the characteristics and pattern of historic development of the public safety situation in Xi’an railway station region, the rationality of index weights is verified. Then, the risk assessment of public safety in Xi’an railway station region is conducted through expert investigation and grading. The results show that the system security level of Xi’an railway station region is grade II, the evaluation scores of B1, B2 and B3 are 83.5, 84.4 and 87.8 respectively, the indexes of index layer whose system security level in grade I contain C9, C14, C23, C24, C29, C30, C32 and C35.

Abstract: This thesis intends to study the technology that the information entropy and the standard deviation are used to forecast the CBR demand. Firstly the standard deviation is used to calculate the weight of each index; secondly, the rescue database with plenty of information and the information entropy are used to calculate the weight of each index level, then the model is built where standard deviation weight and entropy weight are integrated; the cases are verified by the model at the end.

Abstract: Under the background of the climatic changes and the rapid urban development, the occurring frequency of urban floods grows increasingly, the influencing areas gradually spread, and the disaster losses become increasingly severe. The handling of urban flood has already become an issue requiring quick and effective solution during human social developing process. First, the causes of urban flood and the characteristics of disaster losses were analyzed under a changing environment. Then, Combined with the new progresses of relevant researches conducted at home and abroad, the key problems found in the research of urban flood was systematically studied. Moreover, it was pointed out that the urban flood monitoring, assessment, early warning forecast and handling based on modern technologies would become the highlights in the future research. On this basis, the paper summarized the problems existing in the flood handling of Chinese cities and discussed the overall handling frameworks.

Abstract: According to the emergency events characteristics and GIS functions, this paper describes the basic principle of emergency prevention system based on the GIS support in detail, and also designs platform framework and application platforms of emergency prevention system based on GIS. In this paper, a concrete example is introduced, which has a demonstration effect on emergency prevention system construction.

Abstract: The inoculated sludge in this experimental system is from the end of aeration tank of the wastewater treatment plant. Under stable operation, the system’s treatments of COD and NH₄⁺-N are all in line with Level One Urban Sewage Discharge stipulated by Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants (GB 18918-2002). The removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N are 94.27% and 91.03%. By gradually improving the method of salinity acclimation, the salt tolerant sludge with outstanding performance can be successfully acclimated, and each gradual increase in salinity scope is controlled at around 4 g/L. When the salinity is 1%, the removal rates of COD and NH₄⁺-N reach to 92.09% and 70.13%. The salinity has significant impacts on microbial activity. With the increase in salinity, the dehydrogenase activity gradually decreases. Salinity has significant effects on protozoa. Paramecia and nematodes can be taken as the biological indicator of outflow water quality of brine waste.

Abstract: In this experiment, water hyacinth presents a good purification effect in five kinds of eutrophic waters with initial total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in between 8.34~20.45 mg/L and 0.78~1.51 mg/L. After two weeks of purification, TN and TP concentrations of eutrophic waters are reduced to 1.78~5.68 mg/L and 0.25~0.312 mg/L, and TN and TP removal rates are 72.22~78.65% and 67.95~79.34%. Water hyacinth’s TN removal rate decreases as TN initial concentration increases; TP removal rate increases as TP initial concentration increases. Water hyacinth’s average total biomass in eutrophic water has increased by 0.944~1.084 kg/m², and the average bio-dry-weight has increased by 0.0470~0.0547 kg/m². The average total biomass and average bio-dry-weight of water hyacinth increase as the eutrophication deepens.