Advanced Materials Research Vols. 955-959

Abstract: To characterize the concentration levels of PFOS and PFOA in the Qiantang River waters of China, 12 water samples were collected in May 2013 and analyzed. The concentrations of PFOS and PFOA were from n.d to 0.798 ng/L and from 65.9 to 102.4 ng/L, respectively. PFOS has been observed at a low concentration in these samples, while PFOA was detected in 100% of the samples with higher PFOA concentrations. PFOA concentrations were far higher than those of PFOS in all the samples, which subjected to be influenced by the inflows of the chemicals from a lot of the textile dyeing industry along the south bank of the river. Although the PFOS and PFOA concentration in Qiantang River water samples did not exceeded this provisional health advisory level (limit) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for PFOS and PFOA in drinking waters of 200 ng/L and 400 ng/L respectively, continued exposure to even relatively low PFOS and PFOA concentrations in drinking water may increase the risk of health effects.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of field investigation, we divide damaged mountains of Shandong into three types and summarizes corresponding modes of ecological restoration and landscape construction respectively. The technologies of continuing and cutting down the slope of platform should be used for the earthy slope; the technologies of plant cultivation on plane and elevation, cutting down the slope of platform and building steps, suspending net spray-sowing, planting pot or groove should be used for the rocky slope; The technologies of continuing the slope of platform, cutting down the slope of platform and building steps combined with suspending net spray-sowing should be used for the crushed and discarded slope. The ecological landscape effect through fixed point observation is obvious.

Abstract: Gas hydrate samples were collected in Muli area (Qinghai Province, China) of Tibetan Plateau permafrost, which is the first discovery of gas hydrate in Chinese permafrost and in the low to middle latitude permafrost of the world. Although the exploitation of gas hydrate in Tibetan Plateau permafrost has lots of important significance, environmental risks including permafrost and alpine meadow ecosystem degeneration, global climate influence, and environmental pollution would take place in the exploitation process. In order to avoid or decrease the risk, safe and dependable exploitation technique, carbon capture and storage technology, engineering process control, legislation and emergency preparatory scheme should be put into practice.

Abstract: Applying of low cost adsorbent for herbicide capturing is an important area of research in environmental field. The present work reports the adsorption potential of fly ash, a waste from power stations, for removal of herbicides namely paraquat and alachlor from aqueous solution. Batch experiment was employed to investigate the adsorption of herbicide in aqueous solution. The maximum capacity of the fly ash to adsorb paraquat and alachlor was found to be 2.02 and 1.70 mmole.g^-1, respectively. The coefficient of adsorption on the basis of 3 models: Freundlich, Langmuir and Sips isotherm models were found. The results shown that the equilibrium data are better fitted by three-parameter models than two-parameter models. The experimental data agree to adsorption isotherms in the order of Sips > Langmuir > Freundlich isotherms.

Abstract: Use different concentrations of biological activity water on corn seeds (Zhen Dan 958) by soaking to deal with, dilution multiple is primary liquid、10 times、50 times、100 times、200 times、400 times and 800 times respectively, as a comparison with distilled water, exploring the influence of biological activity water on corn seeds germination and seedling growth. The result shows: the highest germination rate、germination potential、germination index and germination energy of corn seeds are dealt with by dilute 800 times biological activity water, the aboveground part and root of maze seedlings’ dry weight is largest; dealing with by dilute 800 times biological activity water of maze seedlings’ chlorophyll are at its highest. The experiment tells that biological activity water has effect on corn seeds germination and seedling growth, its effect and dilute strength are related.

Abstract: Superconducting High Gradient Magnetic Separation (HGMS) is widely used with its advantages of high separation efficiency, high processing speed, low-running cost and low-space requirements. The basic theory of superconducting HGMS and the applications of superconducting HGMS on environmental protection in recent years were discussed in this paper. Superconducting HGMS technology has shown a promising future.

Abstract: The rural domestic wastewater system has been evaluated by using a pilot scale of a biological – ecological process which was built and monitored under operation for a long time. The system was operated for six months with an ambient temperature ranged of (5 – 22°C). The process used in this study was set up as a modified anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process followed by a constructed wetland. Stability and acclimatization of the anaerobic bacteria was achieved after 35 days by using glucose and trace nutrient. The system was then continuously operated with a real domestic wastewater. Hydraulic retention time and temperature are more important parameters of the biological-ecological process performance. Therefore, the system was operated with different HRT and temperature to evaluate the performance efficiency. The influent and effluent of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were analyzed. The anaerobic reactor showed that the optimal HRT was 4 days and the reactor demonstrated a removal efficiency rate of COD (55.5%). The average biogas production in the summer season was 6.8 l/d and in the winter was 1.24 l/d. The Biological– ecological process revealed good efficiency in the removal of the COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorous, where the maximum average removal was 85.5%, 79.8%, 74.9% respectively.

Abstract: Under the guidance of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), this paper introduces successful experience of the Everglade wetland restoration in Florida including the ideas, the methods and the measures, in order to provide some enlightenment for the wetland ecosystems restoration and protection in Dongting Lake. Then this article analyzes the pollution characteristics and treatment status of Dongting Lake, and points out the main problems of restoration construction. Taken the development of Dongting Lake into consideration, some suggestion is provided: set definite aim and planning; strengthen multilateral cooperation and investment in science and technology; pay attention to public participation and the human-water harmony.

Abstract: The toluene being abatement by non-thermal plasma combined with photocatalyst was studied in the paper. As one of main factors, the influence on toluene abatement efficiency of gas flow rate, initial concentration and electric field intensity was analyzed in the study. Furthermore, the energy efficiency was another important index which had been compared among the different padding including of no padding, γ-Al₂O₃ padding and TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ padding. The result of study showed that the technology of non-thermal plasma combined with photocatalyst had better buffer action against increasing of gas flow rate and initial concentration. When the abatement efficiency was more than 52%, the energy efficiency values had the tendency as TiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃ >γ-Al₂O₃ padding > no padding.

Abstract: The plants can use a lot of water, so Wet-Ash Transportation System is very important to the safety operation of the plant. In this paper some new ways of technical reformation for Wet-Ash Transportation System are presented and the direction of research in future is pointed. These contents can be referenced in improvement of the water saving technology later.