Determination of Flavonoids, Phenolic Acids and Alkaloids in Different Varieties of Mulberry Leaves

Abstract:

In order to study the impact of cultivar, harvesting time, growth part and fixation on the bioactive compounds contents in mulberry leaves, four cultivars of mulberry leaves were analyzed for their total flavonoids content, total phenolic acids content, and alkaloids content. The results indicated that cultivar, harvesting time, growth part and fixation markedly affected the bioactive compounds content in mulberry leaves. XianghaiNo.1 contents the highest phenolic and alkaloids among the four cultivars, about4.25% and 10.33%. Contents of the bioactive compounds reduced as the part of leaves rises up. The highest content of the parts is the tip of leaves, about 4.25%, 10.33%, 8.49%.With the pushing of harvest time, the contents of the bioactive compounds showed a decreasing trend after the first increase, harvested in mid-August reached the highest, about 7.09%, 10.33%, 8.65%. Mulberry leaves had no fixation contains higher bioactive compounds, about 2.89%, 8.64%, and 4.81%. On the basis of these data, XianghaiNo.1 is suggested to be the best cultivar; tips of mulberry leaves containing more biological active substances; and the best harvest period is mid-August; also, in order to ensure the content of bioactive substances in mulberry leaves, the fixing technology need to be improved.

• Periodical: Advanced Materials Research (Volumes 962-965)
• Pages: 1248-1251
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.962-965.1248
• Online since: June 2014
• Authors: Xin Min Zhang, Ting Jun Ma*, Ying Sun, Qing Ling Bi, Jian Qiu Zhang
• Keywords: Alkaloids, Flavonoid, Mulberry Leaves, Phenolic Acids

References

[1] Kim, G. -N.; Kwon, Y. -I.; Jang, H. -D. Mulberry leaf extract reduces postprandial hyperglycemia with few side effects by inhibiting α-glucosidase in normal rats. J. Med. Food. 2011, 14, 712−717.

DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2010.1368

[2] Nakagawa, K.; Kubota, H.; Kimura, T.; Yamashita, S.; Tsuzuki,T.; Oikawa, S.; Miyazawa, T. Occurrence of orally administered mulberry 1-deoxynojirimycin in rat plasma. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2007, 55, 8928−8933.

DOI: 10.1021/jf071559m

[3] Yasuda, K.; Kizu, H.; Yamashita, T.; Kameda, Y.; Kato, A.; Nash, R. J.; Fleet, G. W. J.; Molyneux, R. J.; Asano, N. New sugar-mimic alkaloids from the pods of Angylocalyx pynaertii. J. Nat. Prod. 2002, 65, 198−202.

DOI: 10.1021/np010360f

[4] Asano, N.; Yamashita, T.; Yasuda, K.; Ikeda, K.; Kizu, H.; Kameda, Y.; Kato, A.; Nash, R. J.; Lee, H. S.; Ryu, K. S. Polyhydroxylated alkaloids isolated from mulberry trees (Morusalba L. ) and silkworms (Bombyx mori L. ). J. Agric. Food Chem. 2001, 49, 4208–4213.

DOI: 10.1021/jf010567e

[5] Du, J.; He, Z. D.; Jiang, R. W.; Ye, W. C.; Xu, H. X.; But, P. P. H. Antiviral flavonoids from the root bark of Morus alba L. Phytochemistry. 2003, 62, 1235–1238.

DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00753-7

[6] Asano, N.; Kizu, H.; Oseki, K.; Tomioka, E.; Matsui, K.; Okamoto, M.; Baba, M. N-Alkylated nitrogen-in-the-ring sugars: Conformational basis of inhibition of glycosidases and HIV-1 replication. J. Med. Chem. 1995, 38, 2349–2356.

DOI: 10.1021/jm00013a012

[7] Hadi, S., & Bremner, J. B. 2001. Initial Studies on Alkaloids from Lombok Medicinal Plants. Molecules. 6, 117-129.

DOI: 10.3390/60100117

[8] Singleton V.L., Orthofer,R., Lamuela-Raventos R.M., 1999. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidant by means of Foline-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299, 153-178.

DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(99)99017-1

[9] Zhishen, J., Mengcheng,T., Jianming,W., 1999. Thedeterminationof flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on super oxideradicals. Food Chem. 64, 555-559.

DOI: 10.1016/s0308-8146(98)00102-2