Advances in Science and Technology Vol. 103

Abstract: Innovative Aspects in Design Practice of Railway Stations Buildings Requires to Overcome Difficulties Related, among Others, Permanent Circulation of Trains, Maintenance of Accessibilities, Urban Contextualization, Performance, Economy and Sustainability of Solutions. for this Reason, from the early Stage of Architectural Genesis of a Railway Station Building Design it is Necessary an Understanding of the Essential Problems such as Functional Requirements, Tectonic Elegance and Feasibility of Structures. it is Essential a Broad Understanding of Structural Engineering and Capacity to Appropriate Explanation of the Idealized Solutions to the Structural Partners.In this Context Proposed Paper Intends to Present the Author Experience. Additionally, and Based on the Author's Experience in Teaching Curricular Units within the Scope of Architecture Technologies at the Lisbon School of Architecture, a Reflection is Made about the Importance of the Training Component of Architects in the Area of Structural Systems as an Enhancer of Innovative Architectural Projects.The Projects Presented Correspond to the Author's Activity in Portugal on Railway Passenger Stations Buildings of REFER E.P. Rede Ferroviária Nacional, over the Last 25 Years, as Architect and Structural Engineer Senior Partner in ENARCO, Gabinete De Engenharia e Arquitectura, Lda, in which he Promoted the Study of Projects Establishing a Vision of Synthesis between the Architectural and Structural Concept. these Aspects will Be Discussed through Case Studies of Platform Metallic Sheds Based on the Author Design Experience. the Studies Relate Mainly to Three Levels of Intervention: Rehabilitation of Existing Facilities; Variant Projects; Remodeling of Preexisting Infrastructures. the Design Conditions, the Design Concepts and the Structural Solutions Developed will Be Referred. the Studies are Presented by Chronological Order of Design Conclusion.

Abstract: When claimed as knowledge-based economic movement, the idea of creative-city is actually part of innovation, because the existence of creative classes are presumed to influence regional economic growth and stimulate as theme of several urban development political choices. Bandung is a city that chooses creative-cities as their political movement, but it gets sharply criticized as like as another creative-cities agenda in the world. This city contains creatively social movements with creative culture in everyday life. By field of capital framework, this article tries to understand how it works in Kampung Kreatif Dago Pojok and Kopi Pasar Los Tjihapit. It is found, both communities use their knowledge as cultural capital to produce spaces creatively with their artistic competence, utilized as nodes to develop networks with other actors to construct their social capital. Their artistic skill is utilized to deliver their cultural dignity, as marginalized urban societies beyond capitalism, to attract attention in urban life. Learning from phenomenology that inserting humanity in science, the creative culture will more meaningful when representing humanity in the innovation of urban development as a part of the cultural sustainability of the society.

Abstract: This study considered the relationship between the extent of the Environmental cognition by residents in the coastal fishing area and the physical environment, as ascertained from a questionnaire survey of local residents. The Object is 59 coastal fishing villages (Izu and Bousou peninsula in Japan) in which the sea, a town, and a mountain are realized in one, and has a complicated geographical feature. We have been researched the complexity and metamorphosis patterns of common areas in coastal fishing regions using area drawing method. As a result, villages were classified into five typology of villages based on the relationship between physical environment and landscape recognition. Further, this study analysis Explicate Order and Implicate Order formed from the mutual relationship of the cognitive area and visibility/Invisibility and the clarify characteristic between cognitive area and visibility. We analysis visibility with visible region image using the 3-dimensional shade picture which applied the inverse-square damping which is an approximation to man's visual recognition and which is obtained from a spread of light. From the above analysis, correlativity of cognitive area and visibility by landscape cognition of residents was shown and its Composition was revealed.

Abstract: Due to the development of communication information networks in contemporary cities, and without the interconnection of space units, the quality of the overall urban environment is declining. Simultaneously, the awareness of people sharing such an environment is being lost. In this paper, we address Tsukishima, Tsukuda, Higashiueno, and Tsukiji areas in the historical city of Edo-Tokyo. investigate the district blocks and the environmental recognition of the residents to clarify how cognitive region coalesces as space. The results of our analysis show that the cognitive region will shift from the area where residents live due to the passage of time. There is some concern that the awareness of sharing in the area is decreasing. Based on survey data conducted in 1996 and 2011· 2012, the area of Tsukishima, Tsukiji, Tsukuda, and Higashiueno from the analysis of the resident's environmental perception to evaluate the change process over time, and it was possible to clarify the spread and change of the composition of environmental recognition of residents in historical urban areas (Downtown).

Abstract: Agoras were central to the lives of Western European people and can be called the starting point of Western European civilization. In previous study, image processing technology was used to perform the initial restoration of the architecture and city shape. And each building in the 3D model of the plaza was then constructed, centering on the formation of the agora. In this study, 3D model of the temple was focused on the temple building and stoa, extracted the facade of each building, quantitatively evaluated similarities by performing fractal dimension analysis and image analysis, and considered the relevance of the two analysis results.

Abstract: A metropolitan city is built on the premise of connections between diverse residents and the surrounding environment.This paper aims to grasp existing areas of environmental recognition of residents by examining street walls and courtyards of middle-rise and high-rise housing. The study can be used as a fundamental reference in the planning of middle-rise and high-rise housing.

Abstract: The Development of Natural Rubber for Traffic Devices in Thailand has been researched in several years. The enormous budgets have also been invested for the increasing of rubber prices. One of Traffic Devices is the application of natural rubber sheets for the protection of motorists - driving motorcycles as crashed through concrete barriers. The number of road side accidents on rural roads in Thailand is about 3 fatality per 10 kilometers. Therefore, the 11.20 MTB per a Fatality of accident cost is evaluated to be 3,360 TB per km. This leads to the mitigation methods to remedy a symptom’s motorist from severity to moderate and mild respectively. The solution is to find the best practice of road barrier which is applied with natural rubber latex glued with concrete barrier. In addition, the composite materials will be calculated of the modulus of elasticity and properties such as, strength and durability. The simulation of crashes, finite element of materials, LRFD and Concrete Technology methods will be taken into consideration. The testing of material in Thailand will be firstly applied for these, for example the road crash testing under the standard of NCHRP – TL3 (100 kph) will be taken into account.

Abstract: Design review is a stage that undertaken to improve the quality of a design in buildings, cities and landscapes. The design review stage can be used to minimize the impact that will occur. Inappropriate design in the planning of the central city of Bandung in Gedebage could have caused the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI) in the region. The occurrence of this phenomenon can cause the lack of thermal comfort in the area. The potential of Urban Heat Island (UHI) in the planned area can be detected early by conducting design review towards RTBL document of Gedebage Technopolis, Bandung. This study aims to assess the 2014 RTBL of Gedebage with simulation using the ENVI-Met 4.3.1 tool. Design review was carried out with a climate sensitive urban design (CSUD) approach so that the design of The Integrated Terminal area of Gedebage Technopolis can have thermal comfort accords with standard. In this study, it was found that the design of The Integrated Terminal area of Gedebage Technopolis includes in the comfortable category and it has an average Predict Mean Vote (PMV) value of 1.6 for 24 hours. In addition to evaluate the design, it was found that by adding the principle of climate sensitive urban design, a design can be improved and improved its quality of the microclimate. The initial recommendation that given is reducing building height, increasing open space, and replacing material in the pedestrian area.

Abstract: This research works’ objective is to observe the workers’ productivity by measuring the physiology and psychology based on the environment provided — the multivariate analysis presented to review the value of the significant data using JMP 11. Analysis of Variants and Bivariate Analysis then used to understand the cause-effect of the result gained. Result from of physiology that record the subject skin temperature and heart rate first analyze to break down the relationship between the environment to the body. Psychology test relating to the overall environment and their bodily feeling is questioned to the subject. The result then is analyzed using a scatter diagram and boxplot to observe its consistency. Four levels of air temperature and three levels of humidity were set in the room designed as a climate chamber for the respondent of who role as workers. The physiology result shows that the skin temperature and heart rate was the most significance that reacts to the air temperature, following up by the concentration level. Meanwhile, the physiology and psychology test consistently reveal that tropical natives highly react to hot temperature than colder temperature by agreeing to the label of uncomforted or dissatisfied and inform that the air temperature around 22°C. to 28°C. is suited for working productivity in the office in a hot-humid climate.

Abstract: Scholars have studied about interactions between human behaviour and shopping environment for a long decade. This study investigates shopping behaviour in a mall environment to understand how shoppers choose the routes while strolling in a mall. To that objective, this study aims to figure out the effectiveness of a high-rise mall by examining floor choices of shoppers’ strolling in a 6-floor of Jakarta shopping mall. The data is captured shoppers’ strolling activities in the entire mall starting when they enter the mall and ending when they exit the mall as well as visual socio-demographics such as gender, age and number of accompany and the time shoppers spend in the mall. A descriptive analysis is applied to understand shoppers’ patterns of switch the floors and floor visits. Results show that the higher the floor is, the less stores visit shoppers make. Findings also present that in general one floor below ground floor, ground floor, and one floor above ground floor have more visits than the 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd floors. Furthermore, results demonstrate there is a relationship between the time spent in the mall and the number of accompanying persons that shoppers have. Results suggest malls’ practitioners should consider the appropriate height of a high-rise mall as the high-rise mall is not efficient.