Continuous Clay: Optimized Toolpaths for 3D-Printed Ceramic Structures Inspired by Weaving Patterns

Abstract:

This paper presents a toolpath optimization strategy for 3D-printed ceramic structures, inspired by the continuous flow of weaving patterns. By adapting algorithms based on the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), the method generates uninterrupted extrusion paths that reduce retractions and minimize abrupt toolhead movements. This approach is validated through full-scale ceramic panel prints, examining the impact of pattern geometry, density, drying time, and shrinkage behavior. Results indicate that a panel with pattern density of 50–70%, combined with a 1.5 mm layer offset and a 2 mm fillet radius, produces the most stable and visually coherent prints. Additionally, the number of layers and toolpath sequence significantly affect drying rates and anisotropic shrinkage. This study highlights the potential of optimized toolpath design to improve both performance and aesthetic quality in clay-based additive manufacturing for architectural and industrial applications.

• Periodical: Advances in Science and Technology (Volume 173)
• Pages: 85-91
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-SbFd0z
• Online since: February 2026
• Authors: Felicia Wagiri*, Shen Guan Shih, Julian Jauk, Milena Stavric
• Keywords: Additive Manufacturing, Clay Printing, Continuous Printing Paths, Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), Weaving-Like Patterns

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