For Libraries For Publication Open Access Downloads About Us Contact Us
Paper Titles
Drying of Castor Bean Fruits (Ricinus communis L., "BRS Energia" Variety): An Experimental Investigation
p.31
Estimating and Extracting of the Surface Profile Waviness by Use of the Spatial Notch Filters in the Roughness Profile Analysis
p.37
Microstructure Analysis of the Weld Metal of Ni-Based Superalloys
p.44
Nitrogen Diffusion and Stresses during Expanded Austenite Formation in Nitriding
p.49
Phase Behaviour of Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersion in Aqueous Sulphuric Acid and Development of an Energy Efficient Separation Technique for the Acid-Cellulose Nanocrystal System
p.59
An In Situ High-Temperature X-Ray Diffraction Study of Phase Transformations in Maraging 300 Steel
p.73
Microstructural Evolution of Composite 8 WC-(Co, Ni): Effect of the Addition of SiC
p.78
Implementation of Megaplastic Deformation for Control of the Gradient Composition of Pseudo-Layers in the Nitrided Surface of Fe-Ni-Cr Steel - Production of Quasi-Bimetallic Plate
p.86
Hygrothermal Simulation Applied to Energy Efficiency Improvement
p.97

Phase Behaviour of Cellulose Nanocrystal Dispersion in Aqueous Sulphuric Acid and Development of an Energy Efficient Separation Technique for the Acid-Cellulose Nanocrystal System

Article Preview

Abstract:

In this paper, the phase behaviour of a cellulose nanocrystal (CNCs) dispersion in sulphuric acid solutions was investigated, aimed at the development of an energy efficient separation method for this mixture. The system in consideration was a mixture of 30 wt% aqueous sulphuric acid (ρl = 1219 kg/m3) containing 12.6 mg/ml of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) (ρs = 1590 kg/m3, volume fraction of CNCs less than 1%). This volume filling mixture was obtained directly from a CNC extraction process, as obtained after the hydrolysis of cotton using 64 wt% sulphuric acid at ca. 45 ̊C for 45 minutes (this condition was required for the extraction of CNCs from cotton) followed by quenching the hydrolysis with water. The CNCs form the desired product and need to be separated from the acid that can then be recycled. Conventionally this separation has been difficult and requires a large input of energy. This work addresses this problem by investigating into the phase behaviour and physicochemical and hydrodynamic character of this mixture. This understanding led to the development of a very energy efficient separation mechanism for this mixture, which is 5 orders of magnitude more energy efficient than the most widely used centrifugation systems.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Recent Developments in Mass Transport and Related Phenomena in Materials View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Defect and Diffusion Forum (Volume 371)

Pages:

59-72

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.371.59

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

February 2017

Authors:

Soon Yee Liew, Wim Thielemans, Buddhika Hewakandamby

Keywords:

Acid Recovery, Cellulose Nanocrystals, Cellulose Nanocrystals Recovery, Interaction Energy, Nanoparticle Separation, Nanoparticle Suspension, Phase Behavior, Process Energy Efficiency, Sulphuric Acid

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2016 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

References

[1] M. Samir; F. Alloin; A. Dufresne: Biomacromolecules, 6, (2005), 612-626.

Google Scholar

[2] S. J. Eichhorn; A. Dufresne; M. Aranguren; N. E. Marcovich; J. R. Capadona; S. J. Rowan; C. Weder; W. Thielemans; M. Roman; S. Renneckar; W. Gindl; S. Veigel; J. Keckes; H. Yano; K. Abe; M. Nogi; A. N. Nakagaito; A. Mangalam; J. Simonsen; A. S. Benight; A. Bismarck; L. A. Berglund; T. Peijs: J. Mater. Sci., 45, (2010).

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-009-3874-0

Google Scholar

[3] S. Kalia; A. Dufresne; B. M. Cherian; B. S. Kaith; L. Averous; J. Njuguna; E. Nassiopoulos: Int. J. Polym. Sci., (2011).

Google Scholar

[4] A. B. Elmabrouk; T. Wim; A. Dufresne; S. Boufi: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 114, (2009), 2946-2955.

DOI: 10.1002/app.30886

Google Scholar

[5] M. Labet; W. Thielemans: Cellulose, 18, (2011), 607-617.

Google Scholar

[6] N. L. G. de Rodriguez; W. Thielemans; A. Dufresne: Cellulose, 13, (2006), 261-270.

Google Scholar

[7] G. Morandi; L. Heath; W. Thielemans: Langmuir, 25, (2009), 8280-8286.

Google Scholar

[8] A. P. Mathew; W. Thielemans; A. Dufresne: J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 109, (2008), 4065-4074.

Google Scholar

[9] J. R. Capadona; K. Shanmuganathan; S. Triftschuh; S. Seidel; S. J. Rowan; C. Weder: Biomacromolecules, 10, (2009), 712-716.

DOI: 10.1021/bm8010903

Google Scholar

[10] Q. J. Wu; M. Henriksson; X. Liu; L. A. Berglund: Biomacromolecules, 8, (2007), 3687-3692.

Google Scholar

[11] L. Heath; W. Thielemans: Green Chem., 12, (2010), 1448-1453.

Google Scholar

[12] W. Thielemans; C. R. Warbey; D. A. Walsh: Green Chem., 11, (2009), 531-537.

Google Scholar

[13] H. Ma; C. Burger; B. S. Hsiao; B. Chu: Biomacromolecules, 13, (2012), 180-186.

Google Scholar

[14] Y. Habibi; A. L. Goffin; N. Schiltz; E. Duquesne; P. Dubois; A. Dufresne: J. Mater. Chem., 18, (2008), 5002-5010.

Google Scholar

[15] D. Klemm; B. Heublein; H. -P. Fink; A. Bohn: Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 44, (2005), 3358-3393.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.200460587

Google Scholar

[16] M. J. Bonne; K. J. Edler; J. G. Buchanan; D. Wolverson; E. Psillakis; M. Helton; W. Thielemans; F. Marken: J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, (2008), 2660-2666.

DOI: 10.1021/jp709783k

Google Scholar

[17] M. J. Bonne; E. Galbraith; T. D. James; M. J. Wasbrough; K. J. Edler; A. T. A. Jenkins; M. Helton; A. McKee; W. Thielemans; E. Psillakis; F. Marken: J. Mater. Chem., 20, (2010), 588-594.

DOI: 10.1039/b918308f

Google Scholar

[18] S. Eyley; W. Thielemans: Chem. Commun., 47, (2011), 4177-4179.

Google Scholar

[19] L. J. Nielsen; S. Eyley; W. Thielemans; J. W. Aylott: Chem. Commun., 46, (2010), 8929-8931.

Google Scholar

[20] S. Y. Liew; W. Thielemans; D. A. Walsh: J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, (2010), 17926-17933.

Google Scholar

[21] S. Y. Liew; D. A. Walsh; W. Thielemans: Rsc Advances, 3, (2013), 9158-9162.

Google Scholar

[22] S. Liew; W. Thielemans; D. Walsh: J. Solid State Electrochem., (2014), 1-9.

Google Scholar

[23] X. Wu; J. Tang; Y. Duan; A. Yu; R. M. Berry; K. C. Tam: J. Mater. Chem. A, 2, (2014), 19268-19274.

Google Scholar

[24] X. Wu; V. L. Chabot; B. K. Kim; A. Yu; R. M. Berry; K. C. Tam: Electrochim. Acta, 138, (2014), 139-147.

Google Scholar

[25] S. Elazzouzi-Hafraoui; Y. Nishiyama; J. L. Putaux; L. Heux; F. Dubreuil; C. Rochas: Biomacromolecules, 9, (2008), 57-65.

DOI: 10.1021/bm700769p

Google Scholar

[26] S. Beck-Candanedo; M. Roman; D. G. Gray: Biomacromolecules, 6, (2005), 1048-1054.

Google Scholar

[27] X. M. Dong; T. Kimura; J. F. Revol; D. G. Gray: Langmuir, 12, (1996), 2076-(2082).

Google Scholar

[28] D. Bondeson; A. Mathew; K. Oksman: Cellulose, 13, (2006), 171-180.

Google Scholar

[29] R. Dash; Y. Li; A. J. Ragauskas: Carbohydr. Polym., 88, (2012), 789-792.

Google Scholar

[30] S. Y. Liew; W. Thielemans; B. Hewakandamby: Journal of Nano Research, 38, (2016), 58-72.

Google Scholar

[31] P. A. Buining; A. P. Philipse; H. N. W. Lekkerkerker: Langmuir, 10, (1994), 2106-2114.

Google Scholar

[32] J. F. Revol; H. Bradford; J. Giasson; R. H. Marchessault; D. G. Gray: Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 14, (1992), 170-172.

Google Scholar

[33] M. J. Sparnaay: Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas, 78, (1959), 680-709.

DOI: 10.1002/recl.19590780908

Google Scholar

[34] L. Bergström; S. Stemme; T. Dahlfors; H. Arwin; L. Ödberg: Cellulose, 6, (1999), 1-13.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1009250111253

Google Scholar

[35] I. Kalashnikova; H. Bizot; B. Cathala; I. Capron: Langmuir, 27, (2011), 7471-7479.

DOI: 10.1021/la200971f

Google Scholar

[36] I. Kalashnikova; H. Bizot; B. Cathala; I. Capron: Biomacromolecules, 13, (2012), 267-275.

DOI: 10.1021/bm201599j

Google Scholar

[37] R. F. Probstein Physicochemical Hydrodynamics An introduction Second Edition; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: New Jersey, (2003).

Google Scholar

[38] M. Holz; S. R. Heil; A. Sacco: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2, (2000), 4740-4742.

Google Scholar

© 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies. For open access content, terms of the Creative Commons licensing CC-BY are applied.
Scientific.Net is a registered trademark of Trans Tech Publications Ltd.