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Optimal Pavement Maintenance Strategy Based on the Relationship between Pavement Condition Index and Roughness Index
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Optimal Pavement Maintenance Strategy Based on the Relationship between Pavement Condition Index and Roughness Index

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Abstract:

Pavement maintenance is crucial for ensuring road safety, reducing congestion, and minimizing repair costs. However, determining the optimal timing and strategy for pavement maintenance remains a challenge. This study investigated the correlation between the Pavement Condition Index (PCI) and Roughness Index (RI) to develop a numerical model for describing relationship of the two indices for pavement maintenance decision-making. Using statistical analysis and data visualization techniques, a significant correlation was found between PCI and RI. The study revealed a moderate correlation between PCI and IRI (R² = 0.47), indicating that 47% of PCI variations can be explained by IRI. While this suggests that the model is capturing a significant amount of the relationship between PCI and IRI, there is still room for improvement, as about 53% of the variance in PCI is not explained by the model. Since the PCI is a measure of road pavement conditions (on a scale typically ranging from 0 to 100), an RMSE of 7.77 means that the model's predictions for PCI are, on average, about 7 to 8 PCI units off from the actual value. The study established a clear relationship between pavement condition and surface roughness, enabling the development of a model to guide maintenance decisions. The study recommends prioritizing roads with PCI ≥ 50.3 and RI ≤ 5.12 m/km, alongside regular monitoring to ensure timely, cost-effective maintenance. Regular monitoring of PCI and RI values is also recommended to ensure timely maintenance and prevent costly repairs.

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Periodical:

Engineering Headway (Volume 33)

Pages:

347-363

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-VdgIj9

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Online since:

February 2026

Authors:

Usman Rogo Kabiru*, Usman Abbas, Aliyu Hassan, Ako Terseer, Derick Muhindo

Keywords:

International Roughness Index, Pavement Condition Index, Pavement Maintenance, Uganda National Roads Authority

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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