The Effect of Dual Slope and Roughness of Coastal Building Walls on Wave Run-Up and Run-Down

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In coastal building design, wave run-up is one of the primary factors influencing structural design, particularly in determining the crest elevation of coastal structures. Wave run-up is therefore a critical parameter in coastal building design. Many factors can influence wave run-up and run-down. This research was conducted in a laboratory through experimental modeling. The models consisted of a smooth surface (K0) and a rough surface (K1), with each surface type using three variations of a dual-slope structural model, in which all three variations had the same front structure with a slope of 90o, while the upper structure of each model had slope angles of 45o, 55o, and 65o. The results showed that relative run-up (Ru/Hi) increased as wave steepness (Hi/L) decreased. The presence of surface roughness in the structural model reduced both wave run-up and run-down heights compared to the smooth surface model. The heights of the run-up and run-down did not show significant differences among the three slope variations, as the slopes of 45o, 55o, and 65o all fall within the same category of steep slopes.

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Engineering Headway (Volume 39)

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259-267

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July 2026

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© 2026 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

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