Experimental Investigation of Mechanical Properties on 6082-T651 Aluminium Alloy Plate through Underwater and Conventional Friction Stir Welding

Abstract:

To meet the rising demand for both more strength and less weight, Aluminium alloys are regarded as most appropriate in global development of novel metallic materials. In the present work, the effect of different rotational speeds and depth of penetration on 6082-T651 aluminium alloy through conventional friction stir welding and underwater friction stir welding (UFSW) were studied. Various rotational speeds of 800, 1000 and 1200 rpm, depth of penetration such as 5, 6 and 7mm have been used. In UFSW complex intermetallic compounds and welding defects were reduced due to low heat generation. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength and hardness have been compared in both FSW and UFSW. The weld behavior and failure during mechanical testing were influenced by a variation in the ductility of the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) due to variations in the heat distribution within the weld area caused by the change in rotating speed. The 6082-T6 aluminum alloy plates that were utilized in this study were welded at an appropriate rotational speed. The weld area's average hardness distribution was higher in the optimal speed range when it came to hardness. Tensile testing showed that the ductility in Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) changed due to heat distribution in the weld area. Variations in the hardness of the base metal and the weld area have been detected by hardness throughout the weld area. Changes in tensile strength due to variations in rotational speed are also observed and documented. For the entire welding process, the tilt angle and welding speed were maintained at the same levels so that the comparison and analysis of welded aluminum alloy plates become easy.

• Periodical: Engineering Headway (Volume 41)
• Pages: 3-12
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2nFBpC
• Online since: July 2026
• Authors: Vemu Vara Prasad*, Vullur Sai Sowmya Sree
• Keywords: Aluminium Alloy, Friction Stir Welding, Mechanical Properties, Microhardness, Tensile Testing

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