Process Parameters Optimization to Reduce Spring Back in V-Bending

Abstract:

The V-bending process is crucial in sheet metal forming, but the improper combination of process parameters can lead to issues such as spring-back and dimensional inaccuracies, affecting the quality and precision of formed components. Spring-back is a phenomenon where the material slightly returns to its original shape after bending, which compromises the desired geometry. Dimensional inaccuracies can result in assembly problems, reduced structural integrity, and increased manufacturing costs due to rework or scrap. In this study, the influence of key process parameters—punch radius, die opening, and sheet thickness—on spring-back in V-bending of SS304 stainless steel is investigated using a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. Classical DoE methods are employed to analyze the effects of these factors and identify the optimal process parameters. The findings indicate that sheet thickness has the most significant impact on spring-back, followed by die opening and punch radius. The optimal combination of parameters for minimal spring-back is found to be a punch radius of R6 mm, a die opening of 20 mm, and a sheet thickness of 0.5 mm. These insights, derived from ANOVA calculations and main effect plot analysis, provide a pathway for improving dimensional accuracy and reducing spring-back in the V-bending process, ensuring consistent quality in sheet metal forming applications.

• Periodical: Engineering Headway (Volume 41)
• Pages: 35-44
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-761GOm
• Online since: July 2026
• Authors: B. Nalvetha*, Vinoth K. Somasundara, Kumar J. Pradeep, R. Rajesh
• Keywords: Optimisation, Spring Back, SS304, V-Bending

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