Development of a Triple Band Notched UWB Antenna

Abstract:

In this paper, a microstrip line-fed rectangular-shaped ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna offering triple-band notch characteristics is proposed. The notching was done primarily to provide rejection for Wi-Max (3.3-3.7 GHz), WLAN2 (5.15-5.825 GHz), and ITU (8.025-8.4 GHz) through the combination of slots and a modified electromagnetic band gap (M-EBG). The antenna was simulated using HFSS and CST modelling tools. The antenna was able to notch three frequencies from narrow band communication systems (Wi-Max, WLAN2, and ITU), causing interference within the UWB band. The gain of the system over the operating frequency, the current distributions, and the impedance covered were studied to assess the effectiveness of the antenna. The proposed antenna is simple and compact, with a total antenna size of 19 mm by 24 mm and a wide bandwidth (3.2 to 12.5 GHz). Satisfactory results have been obtained when its performance was analyzed. A stable radiation characteristic is observed with a radiation efficiency of 94% when operating at a UWB resonant frequency of 6.85 GHz with a total gain between -10 dB and 5 dB within the range of the frequency band of 3.2 to 12.3 GHz.

• Periodical: International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa (Volume 63)
• Pages: 97-118
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-525842
• Online since: March 2023
• Authors: Gabriel Fadehan, Yekeen O. Olasoji, Kazeem Bolade Adedeji*
• Keywords: Antenna, EBG, Microstrip, Omnidirectional, Radiation Pattern, Ultra-Wide Band, Via

References

[1] G. Jiwan, and Y.C. Dong, Design of a compact ultra-wideband U-shaped slot etched on a circular patch antenna with notch band characteristics for ultra-wideband applications, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2019 (2019) 1-10.

DOI: 10.1155/2019/8090936

[2] Z. Hongjian, and C. Xia, Design of quintuple band-notched UWB antenna with copper coin shaped structure, Journal of Physics, Conference Series 1812 (2020) 1-6.

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1812/1/012003

[3] M.H. Mahfuz, M.R. Islam, M.H. Habaebi, N.A. Malek, N. Sakib, and A.Z. Hossain, UWB microstrip patch antenna with 5G lower band notch characteristics, iJIM 16 (2022) 193-206.

DOI: 10.3991/ijim.v16i11.30099

[4] D. Gopi, A.R. Vadaboyina, and J.R.K. Dabbakuti, DGS based monopole circular-shaped patch antenna for UWB applications, SN Applied Sciences 3 (2021) 1-12.

DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-04123-w

[5] K. Jayamani, V. Vinodhini, V. Gomathi, S. Vanaja, S. Kalaivani, and V. Chinnammal, A novel UWB microstrip patch antenna des for cardio activity monitoring application, Materials Today: Proceedings 47 (2021) 340-344.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.511

[6] F.E. Zerrad, M. Taouzari, E.M. Makroum, J. Aoufi, H. Nasraoui, F.G. Aksoy, M. Karaaslan, and M.T. Islam, Novel measurement technique to detect breast tumor based on the smallest form factor of UWB patch antenna, International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 2022 (2022) 1-9.

DOI: 10.1017/s1759078722000289

[7] D. Srinivas, and K. Ashwin, Compact UWB antenna with integrated triple notch bands for WBAN applications, IEEE Access 7 (2019) 183-190.

DOI: 10.1109/access.2018.2885248

[8] H. Kim, K. Yeon, W. Kim, and C.S. Park, Design and implementation of electromagnetic band‐gap embedded antenna for vehicle‐to‐everything communications in vehicular systems, ETRI Journal 41 (2019), 731-738.

DOI: 10.4218/etrij.2017-0197

[9] K.K. Naik, M. Suman, and E.K. Rao, Design of complementary split ring resonators on elliptical patch antenna with enhanced gain for terahertz applications, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics 243 (2021) 1-9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.167434

[10] J. Yunnan, T. Jinpil, and C. Jaehoon, Quadruple band-notched trapezoid UWB antenna with reduced gains in notch bands, Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science 16 (2016) 35-43.

DOI: 10.5515/jkiees.2016.16.1.35

[11] K. Ansam, and K.J. Ali, Design ultra-wideband antenna have a band rejection desired to avoid interference from existing bands, Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11 (2022) 886-892.

DOI: 10.11591/eei.v11i2.3164

[12] W.A. Awan, A. Zaidi, M. Hussain, N. Hussain, and I. Syed, The design of a wideband antenna with notching characteristics for small devices using a genetic algorithm, Journal of Mathematics 2021 (2021) 2113-2126.

DOI: 10.3390/math9172113

[13] D. Swarup, M. Debasis, and C. Sekhar, Design of UWB planar monopole antennas with etched spiral slot on the patch for multiple band-notched characteristics, International Journal of Microwave Science and Technology 2015 (2015) 1-9.

DOI: 10.1155/2015/303215

[14] W.J. Lui, C.H. Cheng, and H.B. Zhu, Compact frequency notched ultra-wideband fractal printed slot antenna, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 16 (2006) 224–226.

DOI: 10.1109/lmwc.2006.872102

[15] M.C. Tang, S. Xiao, T. Deng, D. Wang, J. Guan, B. Wang, and G.D. Ge, Compact UWB antenna with multiple band-notches for WiMAX and WLAN, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 59 (2011) 1372–1376.

DOI: 10.1109/tap.2011.2109684

[16] H. Liu, and Z. Xu, Design of UWB monopole antenna with dual notched bands using one modified electromagnetic-band gap structure, The Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013) 1-9.

DOI: 10.1155/2013/917965

[17] Q. Van den Brande, S. Lemey, H. Rogier, and J. Vanfleteren, Coupled half-mode cavity-backed slot antenna for IR-UWB in air-filled SIW technology. In 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, 13-18 July 2018, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, pp.1269-1270.

DOI: 10.1109/apusncursinrsm.2018.8609106

[18] A. Qurratul, and C. Neela, Parametric study and analysis of band stop characteristics for a compact UWB antenna with tri-band notches, Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications 17 (2018) 509-527.

DOI: 10.1590/2179-10742018v17i41314

[19] J. Xu, D.Y. Shen, J.F. Zheng, X.F. Zhang, and K. Wu, A novel miniaturized UWB antenna with four band-notches, Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 55 (2013) 1202–1206.

DOI: 10.1002/mop.27546

[20] A. A. H. Zaid, M. A. Mustafa, and R. A. Adham, Single and dual band-notch UWB antenna using SRR and CSRR resonators, Journal of Communications 14 (2019), 504-511.

DOI: 10.12720/jcm.14.6.504-510

[21] S.K. Vijay, S.M.R. Jain, B.H.A. Ahmad, S. Rawat, P. Singh, K. Ray, and A. Bandyopadhyay, UWB antenna with dual band notch characteristics, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8 (2019) 61-65.

[22] S. Modak, T. Khan, and R. H. Laskar, Loaded UWB monopole antenna for quad band-notched characteristics, IETE Technical Review 39 (2022), 568–576.

DOI: 10.1080/02564602.2021.1878942

[23] G. Srinivasu, T. Gayatri, M. K. Meshram, and V. K. Sharma, Design analysis of an ultra-wideband antenna for RF energy harvesting in 1.71-12 GHz, In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies, 1-3 July 2020, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.

DOI: 10.1109/icccnt49239.2020.9225423

[24] S. Sara, E. Abdenacer, and E. Mohammed, Reduction of mutual coupling between radiating elements of an array antenna using EBG electromagnetic band structures, International Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & Telecommunications 10 (2021), 91-98.

DOI: 10.18178/ijeetc.10.2.91-98

[25] N. Symeon, and Q. Abdul, Antennas for UWB applications, In: M. Kheir (Eds): UWB Technology-Circuits and Systems, Intech Open, 2020.

[26] G. Fadehan, K.B. Adedeji, and Y.O. Olasoji, Parametric study and analysis of modified electromagnetic band gap in frequency notching of ultra-wide band antenna, International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 61 (2022) 151-164.

DOI: 10.4028/p-82d0o7

[27] K.A.R. Mohamad, Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure in microwave device design, M.Tech Thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Technology, Malaysia, 2008.

[28] A.A. Kadam, and A.A. Deshmukh, Pentagonal shaped UWB antenna loaded with slot and EBG structure for dual band notched response, Progress in Electromagnetics Research M 95 (2020) 165–176.

DOI: 10.2528/pierm20042801

[29] S.S. Bhatia, J.S. Sivia, N. Sharma, and V. Sharma, Electromagnetic bandgap structure and split ring slot based monopole antenna for ultra wideband applications with dual band notch characteristics, Engineering Reports 2 (2020) 1-13.

DOI: 10.1002/eng2.12239

[30] M.A. Abdalla, A.A. Al-Mohamadi, and I.S. Mohamed, A miniaturized dual band EBG unit cell for UWB antennas with high selective notching, International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 2019 (2019) 1–9.

DOI: 10.1017/s1759078719000710

[31] A. Abbas, H. Niamat, L. Jaemin, G.P. Seong, and K. Nam, Triple rectangular notch UWB antenna using EBG and SRR, IEEE Access 9 (2021) 2508-2515.

DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3047401

[32] S. Ravichandran, N. Somasundaram, and R. Rengasamy, Ultra wideband notch antenna with EBG structures for WiMAX and satellite application, Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters 91 (2020) 25–32.

DOI: 10.2528/pierl20012903

[33] S. Dinesh, Y. Ajay, and R.K. Khanna, Dual band notched ultra-wideband microstrip antenna with CSRR slot and EBG structure, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology 3 (2014) 791-794.

[34] S.K. Vijay, S.M.R. Jain, B.H.A Ahmad, S. Rawat, P. Singh, K. Ray, and A. Bandyopadhyay, UWB antenna with dual band notch characteristics, International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8 (2019) 61-65.