Bond Slip Behavior for CFRP-to-Concrete Joints at Room Temperature

Abstract:

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have increasingly been used in the past 40 years. They are ideal option for external strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures due to their superior properties, including the high strength-to-weight ratio and ease of installment. The structural behavior of strengthened RC beams and the efficiency of the external FRP applied are both highly dependent on the bond performance between FRP and concrete. This paper presents an experimental study on the bond slip behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, applied to concrete structures under room temperature conditions. The experimental investigation involved the strengthening of three concrete prism specimens with CFRP sheets. The prism specimens were tested under a three-point bending setup. The bond slip phenomenon was analyzed using strain gauge readings attached to the CFRP laminate before testing. The calculated model aimed to accurately capture the bond slip behavior and its associated parameters, including the maximum shear stress, and maximum slip. These parameters were compared with theoretically derived formulas available in the literature. The theoretical equations overestimated the FRP stresses when compared to experimental measurements. The comparative analysis assesses the accuracy and reliability of the theoretical derivations by benchmarking it against the experimentally derived bond-slip model for CFRP-to-concrete joints.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1004)
• Pages: 3-12
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-CiE4bW
• Online since: December 2024
• Authors: Aseel Salameh, Rami Hawileh, Maha Assad*, Jamal A. Abdallah
• Keywords: Bond Slip, Fiber-Reinforced Polymer, Flexural Strengthening, FRP

References

[1] R. Sonnenschein, K. Gajdosova, and I. Holly, "FRP Composites and their Using in the Construction of Bridges," in Procedia Engineering, Elsevier Ltd, 2016, p.477–482.

DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.665

[2] M. Assad, R. Hawileh, and J. Abdalla, "Finite Element Simulation of FRP-Strengthened Thin RC Slabs," Journal of Composites Science, vol. 6, no. 9, Sep. 2022.

DOI: 10.3390/jcs6090263

[3] H. H. Mhanna, R. A. Hawileh, A. Al Rashed, and J. A. Abdalla, "Performance of RC beams externally strengthened with hybrid CFRP and PET-FRP laminates," in Procedia Structural Integrity, Elsevier B.V., 2022, p.1190–1197.

DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.152

[4] R. A. Hawileh, M. A. Assad, J. A. Abdalla, and M. Z. Naser, "Finite element modeling of reinforced concrete beams externally bonded with PET-FRP laminates," Computers and Concrete, vol. 33, no. 2, p.163–173, 2024, [Online]. Available:

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.106952

[5] M. N. Danraka, H. Mahir Mahmod, O.-K. J. Oluwatosin, and P. G. Student, "Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams using FRP Technique: A Review," International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing, vol. 7, no. 6, p.13199–13213, 2017, [Online]. Available: http://ijesc.org/

[6] M. Naser, R. Hawileh, J. A. Abdalla, and A. Al-Tamimi, "Bond behavior of CFRP cured laminates: Experimental and numerical investigation," J Eng Mater Technol, vol. 134, no. 2, 2012.

DOI: 10.1115/1.4003565

[7] R. A. Hawileh, M. Assad, and J. A. Abdalla, "Effect of increasing the number of anchors on the flexural performance of FRP-strengthened RC beams," Procedia Structural Integrity, vol. 54, p.287–293, 2024.

DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.01.085

[8] M. Assad, R. A. Hawileh, and J. A. Abdalla, "Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with CFRP laminates and spike anchors," Composites Part C: Open Access, p.100443, Mar. 2024.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcomc.2024.100443

[9] M. Assad, R. A. Hawileh, and J. A. Abdalla, "Modeling the behavior of CFRP-strengthened RC slabs under fire exposure," Procedia Structural Integrity, vol. 42, p.1668–1675, 2022.

DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2022.12.210

[10] J. A. Abdalla, R. A. Hawileh, M. Ass'ad, S. S. Ahmed, A. Omer, and O. Abdulkadeer, "Behavior of normal and recycled aggregates beams strengthened with different types of externally bonded shear reinforcement," Procedia Structural Integrity, vol. 54, p.609–616, 2024.

DOI: 10.1016/j.prostr.2024.01.125

[11] M. Elkafrawy, A. Khalil, M. AlHamaydeh, R. Hawileh, and W. Abuzaid, "Enhancing the Shear Capacity of RC Beams with Web Openings in Shear Zones Using Pre-Stressed Fe-SMA Bars: Numerical Study," Buildings, vol. 13, no. 6, p.1505, 2023.

DOI: 10.3390/buildings13061505

[12] A. Khalil, M. Elkafrawy, R. Hawileh, M. AlHamaydeh, and W. Abuzaid, "Numerical Investigation of Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete (RC) T-Beams Strengthened with Pre-Stressed Iron-Based (FeMnSiCrNi) Shape Memory Alloy Bars," Journal of Composites Science, vol. 7, no. 6, p.258, 2023.

DOI: 10.3390/jcs7060258

[13] J. A. Abdalla, F. H. Hraib, R. A. Hawileh, and A. M. Mirghani, "Experimental investigation of bond-slip behavior of aluminum plates adhesively bonded to concrete," J Adhes Sci Technol, vol. 31, no. 1, p.82–99, Jan. 2017.

DOI: 10.1080/01694243.2016.1204741

[14] K. Nakaba, T. Kanakubo, T. Furuta, and H. Yoshizawa, "Bond Behavior between Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Laminates and Concrete," 2001.

DOI: 10.1142/9789812704863_0010

[15] B. Ferracuti, M. Savoia, and C. Mazzotti, "Interface law for FRP-concrete delamination," Compos Struct, vol. 80, no. 4, p.523–531, Oct. 2007.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.07.001

[16] X. Z. Lu, J. G. Teng, L. P. Ye, and J. J. Jiang, "Bond-slip models for FRP sheets/plates bonded to concrete," Eng Struct, vol. 27, no. 6, p.920–937, May 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct. 2005.01.014.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.01.014

[17] C. Pellegrino, D. Tinazzi, and C. Modena, "Experimental Study on Bond Behavior between Concrete and FRP Reinforcement," Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 12, no. 2, p.180–189, Apr. 2008.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2008)12:2(180)

[18] J. Dai, T. Ueda, and Y. Sato, "Development of the Nonlinear Bond Stress–Slip Model of Fiber Reinforced Plastics Sheet–Concrete Interfaces with a Simple Method," Journal of Composites for Construction, vol. 9, no. 1, p.52–62, Feb. 2005.

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2005)9:1(52)

[19] J.-G. Dai, W. Y. Gao, and J. G. Teng, "Bond-slip model for FRP laminates externally bonded to concrete at elevated temperature."

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000337

[20] J. G. Teng, S. T. Smith, J. Yao, and J. F. Chen, "Intermediate crack-induced debonding in RC beams and slabs," in Construction and Building Materials, Sep. 2003, p.447–462.

DOI: 10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00043-6

[21] S. T. Smith and J. G. Teng, "FRP-strengthened RC beams. I: review of debonding strength models," Eng Struct, vol. 24, no. 4, p.385–395, 2002, [Online]. Available: www.elsevier.com/locate/engstruct

DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0296(01)00105-5

[22] S. T. Smith and J. G. Teng, "FRP-strengthened RC beams. II: assessment of debonding strength models," Eng Struct, vol. 24, p.397–417, 2002, [Online]. Available: www.elsevier.com/locate/engstruct

DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0296(01)00106-7

[23] Y.-J. Xue, W.-W. Wang, J. Tian, and Z.-H. Wu, "Plate end debonding strength model for RC beams strengthened with FRP/SMA composites," Eng Struct, vol. 302, p.117421, Mar. 2024.

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.117421

[24] O. Buyukozturk, O. Gunes, and E. Karaca, "Progress on understanding debonding problems in reinforced concrete and steel members strengthened using FRP composites," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 18, no. 1. Elsevier Ltd, p.9–19, 2004.

DOI: 10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00094-1

[25] J. G. Teng, J. F. Chen, and S. T. Smith, "Debonding failures in FRP-strengthened RC beams: Failure modes, existing research and future challenges," in Composites in Construction: A reality, ASCE - American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001, p.139–148.

DOI: 10.1061/40596(264)16

[26] M. A. Al-Saawani, A. K. El-Sayed, and A. I. Al-Negheimish, "Effect of shear-span/depth ratio on debonding failures of FRP-strengthened RC beams," Journal of Building Engineering, vol. 32, Nov. 2020.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101771

[27] G. M. Chen, J. G. Teng, J. F. Chen, and Q. G. Xiao, "Finite element modeling of debonding failures in FRP-strengthened RC beams: A dynamic approach," Comput Struct, vol. 158, p.167–183, Jun. 2015.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2015.05.023

[28] A. Gartner, M. Asce, E. P. Douglas, C. W. Dolan, and H. R. Hamilton, "Small Beam Bond Test Method for CFRP Composites Applied to Concrete".

DOI: 10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000151

[29] K. Harries et al., "Development of Standard Bond Capacity Test for FRP Bonded to Concrete," 2012. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266735401

[30] MAPEI-1002-4-2016 (GB) High strengh uni-directional carbon fibre fabric with high modulus of elasticity.

[31] Medium viscosity epoxy resin for impregnation of MapeWrap with 'dry system.'