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Overcoming Copper Limitations in Scrap Recycling via Twin-Roll Casting

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Abstract:

Increasing scrap usage in steelmaking is vital for resource efficiency and CO₂ reduction, but elevated residual copper limits adoption due to hot shortness during hot forming. Conventional continuous casting promotes Cu segregation in interdendritic regions, and subsequent slab reheating accelerates oxidation-driven Cu enrichment at the steel–scale interface, where liquid Cu penetrates grain boundaries and weakens cohesion. Twin-roll casting (TRC) offers a promising alternative, as its high solidification rates suppress Cu segregation and its near-net strip production eliminates slab reheating and minimizes oxidation. In this work, the hot-shortness resistance of a 0.75 wt.% Cu construction steel processed by TRC is evaluated and directly compared with a conventionally cast and reheated counterpart. The comparison reveals that TRC effectively mitigates copper-related damage mechanisms. Cu remains primarily in the thin scale without penetrating the substrate, enabling hot rolling and downstream processing without cracking. In contrast, the conventional route forms a thick, brittle, Cu-rich scale that promotes grain-boundary penetration and severe hot shortness. Overall, TRC expands the allowable copper content in flat steel production and broadens alloy design opportunities for scrap-based steelmaking.

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Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1051)

Pages:

83-92

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Y6ds7q

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

April 2026

Authors:

Dorothea Czempas*, Junhe Lian, David Bailly

Keywords:

Hot Shortness, Scrap Recycling, Tramp Elements, Twin-Roll Casting

Funder:

The publication of this article was funded by the RWTH Aachen University 10.13039/501100007210

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Creative Commons CC BY 4.0

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