Review of Process Parameters Effect on Material Properties and Performance of Steels and Their Alloys Fabricated by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)

Abstract:

Considerable progress has been made in understanding the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) process, as well as the microstructure and mechanical properties of the fabricated components, because it is feasible to produce large-scale metal components with relatively high deposition rates at an economical cost. A vast array of materials has become associated with WAAM and its applications as it has evolved. Particularly, steels and their alloys are the most common materials used in industrial applications such as aerospace, manufacturing, automotive, and others. This paper reviews the emerging technology of WAAM for steels and their alloys, including the properties of the deposited component, material testing and characterization, and process parameters such as heat input, processing temperature, deposition strategy, and shielding gas. This paper concludes the recent studies on WAAM for steels and their alloys, as well as the advancements in the process to increase productivity and material performance.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 1058)
• Pages: 73-100
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2jqKOZ
• Online since: June 2026
• Authors: Danny Wicaksono, Ario Sunar Baskoro*, Gandjar Kiswanto
• Keywords: Directed Energy Deposition, Heat Input, Metal Additive Manufacturing, Welding

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