Surface Treatment of Magnesium Alloys by Electroless Ni –P Plating Technique with Emphasis on Zinc Pre-Treatment: A Review

Article Preview

Abstract:

Magnesium alloys are attractive alloys in industrial applications , where light weight and good strength structures are required. Magnesium alloys are versatile and include both cast and wrought alloys. However, they have a drawback as they are prone to corrosion especially in harsh environments. For this reason, surface treatment of magnesium alloys is of prime importance for improving their corrosion characteristics. In the present paper, a survey of the different methods for surface treatment of magnesium alloys is presented and discussed. This is followed by a review of the recent work on electroless Ni plating technique with zinc pre-treatment applied on several magnesium alloys and the effect of pretreatment and post heat treatment on the coat characteristics. The surface morphology, surface roughness, thickness of the layer, EDX analysis, adhesion, hardness and corrosion resistance are covered in this review.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

[1] B. Landkof: Proc. Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, ed. K.U. Kainer, Wiley VCH Verlag, Weinheim (2000), pp.168-172.

Google Scholar

[2] A.K. Sharma, R. Uma Rani , K. Giri: Metal Finishing, vol. 95 (3), (1997), pp.43-46, 48-51.

Google Scholar

[3] A.K. Sharma, M.R. Suresh, H. Bhojraj, H. Narayanamurthy and S.P. Sahu, ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore, India, Metal Finishing, March (1998), pp.10-18.

DOI: 10.1016/s0026-0576(97)83005-x

Google Scholar

[4] G. Spur, T. Stoeferle: Handbook der Fertigungstechnik, Bd. 4/1, Abtragen, beschichten, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munchen Wien, (1987), pp.342-59.

Google Scholar

[5] G. Bockmair, P. Kurze: Proc. Conf. Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, [ed.: B.L. Mordike and K.U. Kainer], Frankfurt an Main, MAT-INFO Werkstoff- Informationsgesellschaft, (1998), pp.421-25.

Google Scholar

[6] M.A. Gonzalez-Nunez, C.A., Nunez-Lopez, P. Skeldon, G.E. Thompson, H. Karimzadeh, P., Lyon and T.A. Wilks: Corrosion Science 37, (1995), No 11, pp.1763-22.

DOI: 10.1016/0010-938x(95)00078-x

Google Scholar

[7] E.H. Han, W. Zhou and D.K.W. Shan: Mater. Science For. 419-422, (2003), pp.879-82.

Google Scholar

[8] D. Hawke and D.L. Albright: Metal Finishing 93 No 10, (1995), pp.34-38.

Google Scholar

[9] J.E. Gray and B. Luan: J. Alloys and Compunds 336, (2002), pp.88-113.

Google Scholar

[10] H. Umehara S Terauchi and M. Tayaka: Mat Sci. For. 350/351, (2000), pp.273-82.

Google Scholar

[11] H. Umehara, M. Tayaka and Y. Kojima: Mater. Trans. 42 , (2001), No 8, pp.1691-99.

Google Scholar

[12] A. Chino, Y. Mori, K. Ippongi and M. Mabuchi: Mat. Trans. 43, No 3, (2002), pp.340-42.

Google Scholar

[13] H. Zhang Yao, and G. Liu Yihan: Material Review, vol. 21 No 3, (2007), pp.77-80.

Google Scholar

[14] G. Reiners and M. Griepentrog: Surface Coating Technology 76/77, (1995), No 1/3, pp.809-14.

Google Scholar

[15] A. Yamamoto, A. Watanabe, K. Sugahara, H. Tsubakino and S. Fukumoto: Scr. Mater. 44, (2001), pp.1039-42.

Google Scholar

[16] A. Yamamoto and H. Tsubakino: Mater. Scie. For. 419/422, (2003), pp.903-08.

Google Scholar

[17] S. Langelfeld, G. Jonschker and H. Schmidt: Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29, (1998), pp.23-29.

Google Scholar

[18] M. Weisheit, U. Lenz, B. Mordike : Metall 51 , No 9, (1997), pp.470-74.

Google Scholar

[19] A. Tsubakino, A. Yamamoto, A. Watanabe and S. Fukumoto: Materials Week 2001, Proc. Intern. Congress on Advanced Materials, their Processes and Applications, Munchen, (2001), pp.1-6.

Google Scholar

[20] C. Gu, J. Lian and Z. Jiang, Advanced Engineering Materials, 7(2005)11, pp.1032-1036.

Google Scholar

[21] Ma Youping, Xu Kewei, Wen Weixin, He Xipeng and Liu Pengfei; Surface Coatings & Technology, 190, (2005), pp.165-170.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.214

Google Scholar

[22] B. Wielage, K. Fleisher, R. Zenker and S. Schammer: Proc. Conf. On Magnesium Alloys and Their Applications, ed. B.L. Mordike and K. U Kainer, Werkstoff_Informationsgesellshaft, (1998), pp.427-31.

Google Scholar

[23] R. Galun, A. Weisheit, B.L. Mordike: Proc. Conf. On Magnesium Alloys and Their Applications, ed. B.L. Mordike and K.U. Kainer, Werkstoff-Informationsgesellschaft, (1998), pp.439-44.

Google Scholar

[24] T. Maiwald, R. Galun, B.L. Mordike and F.J. Feikus: Lasers in Eng. 12, No 4, (2002), pp.227-38.

Google Scholar

[25] K.U. Kainer ed. : Proc. 6 th Intern. Conf. Magnesium Alloys and Their Applications, Wolfsburg, DGM-VCH Verlag GmbH, (2004).

Google Scholar

[26] A. Berkani, P. Skeldon, G.E. Thompson, K. Shimizu, H. Habazaki, H. Karinzadeh, K. Stevens, C. John: ibid, pp.592-98.

Google Scholar

[27] S. Hutchins, P. Shshkov, V. Sansonov and A. Shatrov. Ibid, pp.553-58.

Google Scholar

[28] D.E. Bartak, T.D. Scleisman, E.R. Woolsey: 16 th Intern. Die Casting Congress and Exhibition, River Grove, USA, North America Die Casting Association , Trans., (1991), pp.97-100.

Google Scholar

[29] P. Kurze and D. Banejee: Giesserei Praxis, No 11/12, (1996), pp.211-17.

Google Scholar

[30] P. Kurze : Metalloberflaesche 48, No 2, (1994), pp.104-105.

Google Scholar

[31] S. Hutchins, S. Shrestha, A. Sturgeon, , P. Shatrov, A. Shatrov: Magnesium, Proc 6 th Int. conf. Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, K.U. Kainer, ed. DGM, Wiley- VCH Verlag GmbH, (2004) , pp.617-22.

DOI: 10.1002/3527603565.ch98

Google Scholar

[32] H.M. Nykyforchyn, M. D. Klapkiv, W. Dietzel, C. Blawert: ibid. pp.176-81.

Google Scholar

[33] B. Valeriy, I. Sergey, M. Anna, S. Valeriya: ibid. pp.540-43.

Google Scholar

[34] R. Gagow, D. Scherer, C.C. Stahr: ibid. pp.548-52.

Google Scholar

[35] E. Lugscheider, M. Parco, K.U. Kainer, N. Horst: ibid. pp.860-68.

Google Scholar

[36] V. Neubert, I. Stulikova, B. Smola, B.L. Mordike, M. Vlach, A. Bakkar and J. Pelcova: Materials Science and Eng. A, (2007) v. 462, pp.329-33.

Google Scholar

[37] V. Neubert, A. Bakkar: Magnesium, Proc 6 th int. conf. Magnesium Alloys and their Applications, K.U. Kainer, ed. DGM, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, (2004), pp.638-45.

Google Scholar

[38] G. Song, A. Atrens, M. Dargusch, Corrosion Science, 41, (1999), p.249.

Google Scholar

[39] R. Ambat W. Zhou, Surface & Coating Technology, 179(2004), pp.124-134.

Google Scholar

[40] W. Froemberg and F.A. S. Donaldson: Advanced Materials and Processes, vol. 149, No 2, (1996), pp.33-35.

Google Scholar

[41] A. Bakkar and V. Neubert: Electrochemistry Ccommunications , vol. 9, (2007), pp.2428-2435.

Google Scholar

[42] A. Bakkar, R. Galun and V. Neubert, Materials Science and Technology, (2006), v. 22 No 3 pp.353-362.

Google Scholar

[43] M Taha, N. El Mahallawy, R. Hammouda, S. Nassef and C. Metzner: in Metals Processing and Manufacturing Conf., MPM 2007, 19-22 Nov. (2007), Cairo, Egypt.

Google Scholar

[44] L.H. Chiu, H.A. Lin, C.C. Chen, C.F. Yang, C.H. Chang and J.C. Wu: Mater. Sci. For. 419/422, (2003), pp.909-14.

Google Scholar

[45] Y.F. Jiang, C.Q. Zhai, L.F. Liu, Y.P. Zhu, W.J. Ding, Surface &Coatings Technology, 191, (2005), pp.393-399.

Google Scholar

[46] M. Shoeib, S. Steinhauser, B. Wielage. A. Grzybech, K H Lange, Proc. of the 15 th World Congress and Exhibition, Sept 13-15, (2000), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, Session 15, pp.1-10.

Google Scholar

[47] M.M. Younan, M. Shoeib and A Abo El-Enin, Galvanotechnik, 92(2001)6, pp.1531-1538.

Google Scholar

[48] M. A. Shoeib, Galvanotechnik, 94(2003)3, pp.588-593.

Google Scholar

[49] M.M. Younan and M. Shoeib, Galvanotechnik, 93(2002)4, pp.932-937.

Google Scholar

[50] A. Tan, A. Soutar, I. Annergren and Y. Liu, Surface & Coatings Techn., 198(2005), pp.478-482.

Google Scholar

[51] C. Gu, J. Lian, J He, Z Jiang, Q. Jiang , Surface & Coating Techn., 200(2006), pp.5413-5418.

Google Scholar

[52] C. Gu, J. Lian, G. Li, L. Niu, Z. Jiang, J. Of Alloys and Compounds 391, ( 2005) pp.104-109.

Google Scholar

[53] H. Zao, Z. Huang, J. Cui, Surface & Coating Technology, 202, ( 2007) pp.133-139.

Google Scholar

[54] J. Li, Z. Shao, X. Zhang, Y. Tian, Surface & Coating Technology, 200, ( 2006) pp.3010-3015.

Google Scholar

[55] H.D. He, H.F. Fu, X.G. Li and W. Gao, Scripta Materialia 58 ( 2008) , pp.504-507.

Google Scholar

[56] W. X. Zhang, J.G. He, Z.H. Jiang, Q. Jiang, J.S. Lian, Surface & Coating Technology, 201, ( 2007) pp.4594-4600.

Google Scholar

[57] H. Huo, Y. Li, F. Wang, Corrosion Science 46 ( 2004) pp.1467-1477.

Google Scholar

[58] H. Zao, J. Cui, Surface & Coating Technology, 201, ( 2007) pp.4512-4517.

Google Scholar

[59] J.S. Lian, G.Y. Li, L.Y. Niu, C.D. Gu, Z.H. Jiang, Q. Jiang, Surface & Coating Technology, 200, ( 2006) pp.5956-5962.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.09.007

Google Scholar

[60] W. Cheong,B. Luan, D. Shoesmith, Corrosion Science, 49, ( 2007) pp.1777-1798.

Google Scholar

[61] Z. Liu, W. Gao, Applied Surface Science 253 ( 2006) pp.2988-2991.

Google Scholar

[62] N. El Mahallawy, H. Palkowski, M. Shoeib and M, Maamoun: Steel Grips, 2(2004)2, pp.130-139.

Google Scholar

[63] N. A. El Mahallawy, H Palkowski, M. Shoeib, M. A. Maamoun, V. Neubert, A. Bakkar, Steel Grips 4(2006) No 3, pp.212-216.

Google Scholar

[64] N. A. El Mahallawy, M. Shoeib, A. Bakkar, H Palkowski, A., and V. Neubert, submitted for publication in Surface & Coating Technology ( 2007).

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.05.037

Google Scholar

[65] Xiang- Y, Hu-W. Liu-X , Zhao- C, Ding- W: Transact. of the Institute of Metal Finishing, 79(2001)1, pp.27-29.

Google Scholar

[66] Xiang- Y, Hu-W. Liu-X , Zhao- C, Ding- W: Transact. of the Institute of Metal Finishing, 79 (2001)1, pp.30-32.

Google Scholar

[67] J. Chem, G. Yu, B. Hu, Z. Liu, L. Ye and Z. Wang, Surface &Coating Technology, 201 (2006), pp.686-690.

Google Scholar

[68] N. A. El Mahallawy, unpublished work, (2007).

Google Scholar

[69] M. Matsuoka, S. Imanishi and T. Hayashi, Plating and Surface Finish, 76(1989), pp.54-60.

Google Scholar

[70] E. Vafaei- Makhsoos, E.L. Thomas and B. A. Shenoi, Metall Trans A, 9 A, (1978), pp.1449-1454.

Google Scholar

[71] M. Matsuoka, S. Imanishi and T. Hayashi, Plating and Surface Finishing, vol. 76 (1989)11, pp.54-58.

Google Scholar

[72] Y. Wu, Y. Xiang, W. Hu, C. Zhao, and W. Ding, Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing, 83( 2005)2, pp.91-94.

Google Scholar

[73] A. Vaskelis, A. Jagminien and A. Prokoptcheck, Surface and Coating Technology, 27 (1986), pp.301-310.

Google Scholar

[74] M. Bayes,R. Ellis and R. House, Metal Finish. 71(1993)2, pp.62-64.

Google Scholar

[75] M.M. Younan and M. Shoeib, Galvanotechnik, 93(2002)4, pp.932-7.

Google Scholar

[76] M.M. Younan, I.H.M. Aly and M.T. Nageeb, J. of Applied Electrochemistry, 32(2002), pp.439-446.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1016343910202

Google Scholar

[77] H. Zhao, Z. Huang, J. Cui, Microelectronic Engineering 85 ( 2008) pp.253-258.

Google Scholar

[78] W.X. Zhang, Z.H. Jiang, G.Y. Li, Q. Jiang, J.S. Lian, Surface & Coating Technology, 202, ( 2008) pp.2570-2576.

Google Scholar

[79] Y.W. Song, D.Y. Shan, E.H. Han, Electrochimica Acta, 53 ( 2008) pp.2135-2143.

Google Scholar

[80] W.X. Zhang, N. Huang, J.G. He, Z.H. Jiang, Q. Jiang, J.S. Lian, Applied Surface Science , 253 ( 2007) pp.5116-5121.

Google Scholar

[81] C. Gu, J. Lian, J. He, Z. Jiang, Q. Jiang, Surface & Coating Technology, 200, ( 2006) pp.5413-5418.

DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.07.001

Google Scholar

[82] J. Li, Y. Tian, Z. Huang, X. Zhang, Applied Surface Science, 252, ( 2006), pp.2839-2846.

Google Scholar

[83] W.X. Zhang, Z.H. Jiang, G.Y. Li, Q. Jiang, J.S. Lian, Applied Surface Science, ( 2008) 01. 144.

Google Scholar

[84] M. Anik, E. Korpe, Surface & Coating Technology, 201, ( 2007) pp.4702-4710.

Google Scholar