Theory and Practice of Uncertainty Evaluation of Coordinate Measurements

Abstract:

Long-lasting works on the ISO 15530 series can be a proof for complexity of uncertainty evaluation of coordinate measurements for different characteristics defined according to the rules of geometrical product specification (GPS). Even the best known procedures (using the calibrated workpiece and using computer simulation) have not been implemented widely. The authors have elaborated the methodology and the software (EMU-CMMUncertainty^TM) which makes possible evaluation of the measurement uncertainty with less effort. The software has been developed with following assumptions. Uncertainty budget includes influences of particular geometrical errors of the CMM, probing system errors as well as temperature errors. Applied algorithms use type B method according to the rules of GUM. Uncertainty is analysed separately for each characteristic (task-specific approach). Uncertainty of measurement for particular characteristic is calculated with the formula describing the characteristic as a function of differences of coordinates of characteristic points of the workpiece. The paper presents some new details concerning formulation of uncertainty budget. Among others the methodology is presented for estimation of uncertainty component arising from the fact that some characteristic points are not integral features (surface points) but derived features (axes points).

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 613)
• Pages: 344-353
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.613.344
• Online since: May 2014
• Authors: Wojciech Płowucha*, Władysław Jakubiec
• Keywords: CMM, Coordinate Measurements, Geometrical Product Specification, Task Specific Uncertainty

References

[1] Humienny, Z., State of art in standardization in GPS area, CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 2, No. 1, p.1–7, (1990).

DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2009.06.007

[2] Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), International Organisation for Standardization (ISO), Geneva (1995).

[3] JCGM 101 Evaluation of measurement data", Supplement 1 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement", "Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method, (2008).

[4] Heping, P. and Xiangqian, J., Evaluation and management procedure of measurement uncertainty in new generation geometrical product specification (GPS), Measurement, Vol. 42, p.653–660, (2009).

DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2008.10.009

[5] ISO 14253-2 Geometrical product specifications (GPS). Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment. Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification, (2011).

DOI: 10.3403/30288279u

[6] ISO 15530-3 Geometrical product specifications (GPS). Coordinate measuring machines (CMM). Technique for determining the uncertainty of measurement. Part 3: Use of calibrated workpieces or measurements standards, (2011).

DOI: 10.3403/30158869

[7] ISO/TS 15530-3 GPS. CMM. Technique for determining the uncertainty of measurement. Part 3: Use of calibrated workpieces or standards, (2004).

DOI: 10.3403/30198174

[8] Härtig, F. and Krystek, M., Correct treatment of systematic errors in the evaluation of measurement uncertainty, ISMTII, pp.16-19, (2009).

[9] Wilhelm, R.G., Hocken, R. and Schwenke, H., Task Specific Uncertainty in Coordinate Measurement, CIRP Annals Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp.553-563, (2001).

DOI: 10.1016/s0007-8506(07)62995-3

[10] Beaman, J. and Morse, E., Experimental evaluation of software estimates of task specific measurement uncertainty for CMMs, Precis. Eng., Vol. 34, No. 1, pp.28-33, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.precisioneng.2009.08.006

[11] Trapet, E., et al., Traceability of coordinate measurements according to the method of the virtual measuring machine, PTB. Braunschweig, (1999).

[12] ISO/TS 15530-4 GPS. CMM. Technique for determining the uncertainty of measurement. Part 4: Evaluating task-specific measurement uncertainty using simulation, (2008).

DOI: 10.3403/30154297u

[13] Savio, E., Uncertainty in testing the metrological performances of coordinate measuring machines, Annals of CIRP, Vol. 55, pp.535-538, (2006).

DOI: 10.1016/s0007-8506(07)60476-4

[14] ISO DTS 15530-2 GPS. CMM. Technique for determining the uncertainty of measurement. Part 2: Use of multiple measurements strategies in calibration artefacts, (2005).

[15] ISO/DTS 15530-5 GPS. CMM. Technique for determining the uncertainty of measurement. Part 5: Use of expert judgment, (2004).

[16] VDI/VDE 2617-11 "Accuracy of coordinate measuring machines. Characteristics and their checking. Determination of the uncertainty of measurement for coordinate measuring machines using uncertainty budgets, (2011).

DOI: 10.1201/b11022-17

[17] Jakubiec, W., Płowucha, W. and Starczak, M., Analytical estimation of coordinate measurement uncertainty, Measurement, Vol. 45, p.2299–2308, (2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2011.09.027

[18] Jakubiec, W., Adequacy and generality conditions in estimation of uncertainty in measurements of geometrical quantities, Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 31, No. 4, p.55–66, (2007).

[19] ISO 463: 2006 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS). Dimensional measuring equipment. Design and metrological characteristics of mechanical dial gauges, (2006).

DOI: 10.3403/30168967u

[20] Jakubiec, W., Analytical estimation of uncertainty of coordinate measurements of geometric deviations. Models based on distance between point and straight line, Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 33, No 2, p.45–54, (2009).

[21] Płowucha, W., Werner, T., Savio, E., Blunt, L., Jakubiec, W., A new didactic approach to statistical analysis of measurement data for the evaluation of measurement uncertainty–SAM–EMU, Measurement, Vol. 45, pp.2359-2367, (2012).

DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2011.09.019

[22] Werner, T., Płowucha, W., Jakubiec, W., Weckenmann, A., Creating a web-based course on measurement uncertainty in international cooperation, Proceedings of the Joint International IGIP-SEFI Annual Conference, pp.84-85, (2010).