Phase Structure, Microstructure and Electrical Properties of BCZT Ceramics Prepared by Seed-Induced Method

Abstract:

The effect of particle sizes of CaZrO₃ (CZ) nanocrystal on the phase structure, microstructure and electrical properties of Ba_0.85Ca_0.15Zr_0.10Ti_0.90O₃ (BCZT) was studied. The CaCO₃ and ZrO₂ were used as starting materials for CaZrO₃ (CZ) seeds synthesized by the molten-salt method. The results were found that the CZ powder has a pure perovskite with the particle size about 370 to 460 nm. Then the CZ nanocrystals were mixed with the metal oxides BaCO₃, CaCO₃, ZrO₂ and TiO₂ by mixed oxide method. The phase structure, microstructure and electrical properties of BCZT ceramic were investigated as a function of particle size and concentration of CZ. The results indicated that all samples showed pure perovskite phase. The highest values of density, grain size, dielectric constant (ε_r) and piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃) were 5.50 g/cm³, 10.95 μm, 2992 and 446 pC/N, respectively which obtained at the CZ seed size 459 nm.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 690)
• Pages: 45-50
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.690.45
• Online since: May 2016
• Authors: Wasuporn Hirunsit, Piewpan Parjansri, Uraiwan Intatha, Sukum Eitssayeam, Tawee Tunkasiri*
• Keywords: BCZT, Electrical Properties, Molten Salt, Seed-Induced Method

References

[1] Y. Saito, H. Takao, T. Tani, T. Nonoyama, K. Takatori, T. Homma, T. Nagaya, M. Nakamura, Lead-free piezoceramics, Nature, 432 (2004), p.84–87.

DOI: 10.1038/nature03028

[2] K. Kantha, P. Pengpat, P. Jarupoom, U. Intatha, G. Rujijanagul, T. Tunkasiri, Phase formation and electrical properties of BNLT–BZT lead-free piezoelectric ceramic system, Curr. Appl. Phys., 9 (2009), p.460–466.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cap.2008.04.004

[3] W. Bai, J. Hao, B. Shen, , J. Zhai, Dielectric properties and relaxoe behavior of high Curie temperature (Ba0. 85Ca0. 15)(Zr0. 1Ti0. 9)O3-Bi(Mg0. 5Ti0. 5)O3 Lead-free ceramics, Ceramics International, 39 (2013), S19-S23.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.10.028

[4] T. Wang, H. DU and X. SHI, Dielectric and Ferroelectric Properties of (1-x)Na0. 5Bi0. 5TiO3- xSrTiO3 Lead-free Piezoceramics System, Journal of Physics; Conference Series 152 (2009) 012065.

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/152/1/012065

[5] Z. Wang, X M. Chen, L. Ni and X Q. Liu: Dielectric abnormities of complex perovskite Ba (Fe1/2Nb1/2) O3 ceramics over broad temperature and frequency range. Appl . phys. Lett. 90, (2007) 022904.

DOI: 10.1063/1.2430939

[6] J. B Zhao., H.L. Du, S.B. Qu, H.M. Zhang, Z. Xu, Improvement in the piezoelectric temperature stability of (K0. 5Na0. 5)NbO3 ceramics, Chinese Science Bullitin August 2011 Vol. 56 No. 22: 2389–2393.

DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4439-6

[7] W. Liu and X. Ren, Large piezoelectric effect in Pb-free ceramics. Phys. Rev Lett. 103, 257602. (2009).

[8] P. Wang, Y. Li and Y. Lu, Enhanced piezoelectric properties of (Ba0. 85Ca0. 15)(Ti0. 9Zr0. 1)O3 lead-free ceramics by optimizing calcination and sintering temperature, Journal of the European Ceramic Society 31, Pages 2005–2012. (2011).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.04.023

[9] Z. Li, A. Wu, and P. M. Vilarinho, Perovskite phase stabilization of Pb(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 ceramics induced by PbTiO3 seeds. Chem Mater. 16, 717–723. (2004).

DOI: 10.1021/cm030592v

[10] S.K. Ye, J.Y. Fuh, L. Lu, Structure and electrical properties of 〈001〉 textured (Ba0. 85Ca0. 15)(Ti0. 9Zr0. 1)O3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics , J. Appl. Phys. 100 (2012) 252906.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4730378

[11] S. Ye, J. Fuh, L. Lu, Y. Chang, J. -R. Yang, Structure and properties of hot-pressed lead-free (Ba0. 85Ca0. 15)(Zr0. 1Ti0. 9)O3 piezoelectric ceramics, RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 20693-20698.

DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43429j

[12] W. Chen, S. Kume, K. Watari, Molten salt synthesis of 0. 94(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO 3- 0. 06BaTiO3 powder, (2005) Materials Letters, 59 (26), pp.3238-3240.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2005.04.056

[13] H. Ge, Y. Hou, C. Xia, M. Zhu, H. Wang, H. Yan, Preparation and piezoelectricity of NaNbO3 high-density ceramics by molten salt synthesis, (2011) Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 94 (12), pp.4329-4334.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04685.x

[14] N. Tawichai, W. Sittiyot, S. Eitssayeam, K. Pengpat, T. Tunkasiri, G. Rujijanagul, Preparation and dielectric properties of barium iron niobate by molten-salt synthesis (2012) Ceramics International, 38 (SUPPL. 1), pp. S121-S124.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.04.064

[15] K. Krishan and K. Binay, Effect of Nb-doping on dielectric, ferroelectric and conduction behavior of lead free Bi0. 5(Na0. 5K0. 5)0. 5TiO3 ceramic, Ceramics International 38 (2012) 1157–1165; ISSN: 0272-8842.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2011.08.045

[16] H.T. Martirenat and J.C. Burfoot, Grain-size effects on properties of some ferroelectric ceramics, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys., Vol. 7 (1974)3172.

DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/7/17/024

[17] K.N. Pham, A. Hussain, C.W. Ahn, I.W. Kim, S.J. Jeong, J.S. Lee, Giant strain in Nb-doped Bi 0. 5 (Na0. 82 K0. 18)0. 5 TiO3 lead-free electromechanical ceramics, Materials Letters 64 (20), 2219-2222, (2010).

DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2010.07.048

[18] M.J. Haun, E. Furman, S.J. Jang, and L.E. Cross. Thermodynamic theory of the lead zirconate-titanate solid solution system Part I: Phenomenology, Ferroelectrics, Vol. 99, 1989, pp.13-25.

DOI: 10.1080/00150198908221436

[19] R. Clive A., K. Namchul, K. John-Paul, C. Wenwu, and S. Thomas R., Intrinsic and extrinsic size effects in fine-grained morphotropic-phase-boundary lead zirconate titanate ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1998.tb02389.x

[3] 677–88 (1998).