Surface Characterization of Alkali Treated Kenaf Fibers by XPS and AFM

Mat Taib Razaina; Dody Ariawan; Zainal Arifin Mohd Ishak

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.694.29

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HomeKey Engineering MaterialsKey Engineering Materials Vol. 694Surface Characterization of Alkali Treated Kenaf...

Surface Characterization of Alkali Treated Kenaf Fibers by XPS and AFM

Abstract:

Kenaf fibers were immersed in 6% solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours. The treated fibers were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The XPS results showed that the alkali treatment increased the proportion of oxygen atoms on the fiber surface as indicated by the increase in oxygen-carbon ratio. An increase in C2 peak (C-OH bonds) was also observed suggesting the present of cellulose on the fiber surface. The decrease in C1 peak (C-C bonds) suggested that lignin was removed from the fiber surface following the alkali treatment. Scale-like structures were observed from the AFM topographic images to indicate the presence of cellulose microfibrils in the primary cell wall of the treated fiber. Alkali treated fiber surface showed lower mean surface roughness than the untreated fiber indicating smoother fiber surface. The fiber surface became relatively smooth after the alkali treatment due to the removal of non-cellulosic layer.

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Periodical:

Key Engineering Materials (Volume 694)

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29-33

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.694.29

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Online since:

May 2016

Authors:

Mat Taib Razaina*, Dody Ariawan, Zainal Arifin Mohd Ishak

Keywords:

AFM, Kenaf Fiber, XPS

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