Characterization of the Bonded Connection in Hybrid-Steel-GFRP-Laminates

Abstract:

Intrinsic hybrid laminates are well established since many years in aerospace engineering, e.g. Glass Laminate Aluminium Reinforced Epoxy (GLARE) is widely used as a substitute for aluminium sheets of the outer shell of modern aircrafts. The reduction of density and an increased stiffness by compounding glass fiber and aluminium makes GLARE advantageous. Driven by environmental protection acts and the need for lightweight design material compounds attract more awareness in the automotive engineering as well. Functional components like chassis springs are well predestined for the application of glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP). Therefore, an intrinsic hybrid made up by GFRP and a high strength steel has recently been developed and characterized. This investigation sets the focus on the interface between GFRP and steel. Double cantilever beam tests (mode I) and shear tests (mode II) are conducted in order to measure the energy release rate and the shear strength of the considered interface. A variety of surface treatments of steel layer has been characterized by this approach. The results show up that good adhesion can be achieved by silane and titanium dioxide primers, however, the variation within the data is significantly higher than for other surface treatment variants. Furthermore, the increase of the energy release rate by fiber bridging effects is considered as well and an approach for its quantitative description by a power law is presented.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 742)
• Pages: 408-415
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.742.408
• Online since: July 2017
• Authors: Arne Björn Busch*, Robert Brandt
• Keywords: Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (GFRP), High Tensile Strength Steel, Hybrid Composites, Hybrid Laminates, Intrinsic, Joining, Multi-Material-Design

References

[1] A. Busch, R. Brandt: Analysis of a Mechanically Stressed Joint in a Multi-Material-System: Euro Hybrid Materials and Structures, Kaiserlautern, 2016, p.241–246.

[2] J. C. Both: Tragfähigkeit von CFK-Metall-Laminaten unter mechanischer und thermischer Belastung. Dissertation, München, (2014).

[3] S. Krishnakumar: Fiber Metal Laminates — The Synthesis of Metals and Composites, Materials and Manufacturing Processes 9, 1994, p.295–354.

DOI: 10.1080/10426919408934905

[4] D. Nestler: Verbundwerkstoffe - Werkstoffverbunde: Status quo und Forschungsansätze. Habilitation, Chemnitz, (2012).

[5] A. Monden, M. G. R. Sause, S. Horn: Surface modified Steel/Epoxy-based CFRP hybrid Laminates under Mode I, Mode II and mixed-mode Load Conditions, ECCM17 - 17th European Conference on Composite Materials, München, (2016).

[6] C. Lauter, T. Tröster, B. Sköck-Hartmann, T. Gries, M. Linke: Höchstfeste Multimaterialsysteme aus Stahl und und Faserverbundkunststoffen, Konstruktion, 2010, p.8–9.

[7] A. Monden, M. G. R. Sause, A. Hartwig, C. Hammerl, H. Karl, S. Horn: Evaluation of Surface Modified CFRP-Metal Hybrid Laminates, Euro Hybrid Materials and Structures, Stade, 2014, p.32–40.

[8] ASTM D 5528-01: Standard Test Method for Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites. ASTM International, (2010).

DOI: 10.1520/d5528-01r07e01

[9] K. A. Weidenmann, L. Baumgärtner, B. Haspel: The Edge Shear Test - An Alternative Testing Method for the Determination of the Interlaminar Shear Strength in Composite Materials, MSF 825-826, 2015, p.806–813.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.806

[10] D. Gross: Bruchmechanik: Mit einer Einführung in die Mikromechanik, 6th Ed., Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, (2016).