Problems with Fat, Oil, and Grease (FOG) in Food Industry Wastewaters and Recovered FOG Recycling Methods Using Anaerobic Co-Digestion: A Short Review

Article Preview

Abstract:

Food production industry is the main producer of wastewaters with high fat, oil, and grease (FOG) content. FOG waste can be recovered from the wastewater stream by using physicochemical methods and reused considering their high methane potential. Popular method of FOG reuse is anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) with wastewater treatment sludge and scum from the primary wastewater sedimentation tanks. This short review focuses on understanding the efficiency of FOG reuse possibilities by AcoD and takes a closer look at problems connected to degradation issues, gives an understanding on microbial changes during FOG degradation, and reviews enzymes involved in the degradation process.

You might also be interested in these eBooks

Info:

Periodical:

Pages:

61-68

Citation:

Online since:

February 2018

Export:

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Permissions PLS:

Сopyright:

© 2018 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

[1] European Biomass Industry Association, 2015. Transformation of Used Cooking Oil into Biodiesel: from Waste to Resource - Position Paper, [online], Promotion of Used Cooking Oil Recycling for Sustainable Biodiesel Production (RecOil) available at: http: /www. eubren. com/UCO_to_Biodiesel_2030_01. pdf (Accessed 1July 2016).

DOI: 10.23880/ppej-16000134

Google Scholar

[2] Xia He, Francis L. de los Reyes III, Michael L. Leming, Lisa O. Dean, Simon E. Lappi, Joel J. Ducoste, Mechanisms of Fat, Oil and Grease (FOG) deposit formation in sewer lines, Water Research . 47 (2013) 4451-4459.

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.05.002

Google Scholar

[3] William C. Merka, Processing water and wastewater, in: Alan R. Sams (Eds. ), Poultry Meat Processing, New York, Washington D.C., 2001. Pp 301-310.

Google Scholar

[4] Neil McPhail, Review of Removal of Fats, Oil and Greases from Effluents from Meat Processing Plants, Australian Meat Processor Corporation. (2015).

Google Scholar

[5] Information on http: /www. fao. org/docrep/t0551e/t0551e03. htm.

Google Scholar

[6] A. J. Cavaleiro, M. A. Pereira, A. P. Guedes, A. J.M. Stams, M. M. Alves, D. Z. Sousa, Conversion of Cn-unsaturated into Cn-2-saturated LCFA can occur uncoupled from methanogenesis in anaerobic bioreactors, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry. (2016).

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03204

Google Scholar

[7] Alireza Serjouie, C.P. Tan. H. Mirhosseini, Y. B. C Man, Effect of Vegetable-Based Oil Blend on Phisicochemical Properties of Oil During Deep-Fat Frying, American Journal of Food Technologies 5 (5) (2010) 310-323.

DOI: 10.3923/ajft.2010.310.323

Google Scholar

[8] A. M. Brooksbank, J. W. Latchford, S. M. Mudge, Degradation and modification of fats, oils, and grease by commercial microbial supplements, World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. (2006).

DOI: 10.1007/s11274-006-9323-1

Google Scholar

[9] W. Yi, F. Sha, B. Xiaojuan, Z Jingchan, X. Siqing, Scum sludge as a potential feedstock for biodiesel production from wastewater treatment plants, Waste Manegment. (2015).

Google Scholar

[10] G. Estrada, R. Hamers, R. Palomares, S. Deering, J. Cuevas, J. Merid, J. Jenkins, A. Bacani, Orange country WDR Subcommittee Group, Fats, oil & Grease (FOG) Programme Review. September (2016).

Google Scholar

[11] T. Kobayashi, H. Kuramochi, Kai-Qin Xu, Variable oil properties and biomethane production of grease trap waste derived from different resources, International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. (2016) 1-9.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.07.001

Google Scholar

[12] Hayden, Harding & Buchanan, Walker Process Equipment, Installation profile Scum Concentration system, City of Manchester, Manchester, New Hampshire, Information on line www. walker-process. com.

Google Scholar

[13] C. Kole, C. P. Joshi, D. R. Shonnard, Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants, CCR press, Taylor &Francis group, (2012).

Google Scholar

[14] D. C. Panadare, V. K. Rathod, Applications of Waste Cooking Oil Other Than Biodiesel: A Review, Iranian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 12, (2015) 3.

Google Scholar

[15] T. Wallace, D. Gibbon, M. O'Dwyer, T. P. Curran, International evolution of fat, oil and grease (FOG) waste management - A review, Journal of Environmental Management 187 (2016) 424-435.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.003

Google Scholar

[16] A. Delavari, F. Halek, M. Amini, Continuous biodiesel production in a helicoidal reactor using ultrasound-assisted transesterification reaction of waste cooking oil, Clean Techn Environ Policy 17 (2015) 273-279.

DOI: 10.1007/s10098-014-0790-z

Google Scholar

[17] Qingshi Tu, Diverting FOGs from Wastewater Stream for Biodiesel Production, Ohio WEA-AWWA 2014 Technical Conference & Expo, Columbus, Ohio August (2014) 26-29.

Google Scholar

[18] P. E. Poh1, D. Gouwanda, Y. Mohan, A. A. Gopalai, H. M. Tan1, Optimization of Wastewater Anaerobic Digestion Using Mechanistic and Meta-heuristic Methods: Current Limitations and Future Opportunities, Water Conserv Sci Eng. 1 (2016) 1-20.

DOI: 10.1007/s41101-016-0001-3

Google Scholar

[19] Arthur, S. & Blanc, J., Management and Recovery of FOG (fats, oils and greases), CREW project CD2013/6. Available online at: crew. ac. uk/publications. (2013).

Google Scholar

[20] M. Madalena Alves, M. A. Pereira, D. Z. Sousa, AJ. Cavaleiro, M. Picavet, H. Smidt, A. J. M. Stams, Waste lipids to energy: How to optimize methane production from long-chain fatty acids (LCFA), Microbial Biotechnology. 2(5) (2009) 538-550.

DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7915.2009.00100.x

Google Scholar

[21] J.H. Laong, T.N. Azizm F. L, de los Reyes III, J.J. Ducoste, Anaerobic co-digestion of fat, oil, and grease (FOG): A review of gas production and process limitations, Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 90 (2012) 231-245.

DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2011.10.001

Google Scholar

[22] R. M.W. Ferguson, F. Coulon, R. Villa, Organic loading rate: A promising microbial management tool in anaerobic digestion, Water Research. 100 (2016) 348-356.

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.009

Google Scholar

[23] Tarek Aziz, Sustainable Anaerobic co-digestion of grease interceptor waste, Water Resources Research Institute of The University of North Carolina, Report No. 449, (November 2014) A.J. Cavaleiro, M.A. Picavet, D. Z. Sousa, A.J. M. Stams, M.A. Pereira, M.M. Alves, Anaerobic Digestion of Lipid-Rich Waste, Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology Protocols. (2015).

DOI: 10.1007/8623_2015_136

Google Scholar

[24] http: /www. veolianorthamerica. com/sites/g/files/dvc596/f/assets/documents/2015/12/Gresham_-_Net_Zero_Program_Presentation. pdf.

Google Scholar

[25] A. J. Cavaleiro, M.A. Picavet, D.Z. Sousa, A.J.M. Stams, M.A. Pereira, M.M. Alves, Anaerobic Digestion of Lipid-Rich Waste, Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology Protocols. (2015) 221-236.

DOI: 10.1007/8623_2015_136

Google Scholar

[26] M. A. Picavet, M. M. Alves, IASB-Inverted Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor: background, history and development, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal, conference paper (2013).

Google Scholar

[27] V. Diez, C. Ramos and J. L. Cabezas, Treating wastewater with high oil and grease content using an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR). Filtration and cleaning assays, Waters Science & Technology. 65 (10) (2012).

DOI: 10.2166/wst.2012.852

Google Scholar

[28] P.D. Jensen, S.D. Yap, A. Boyle-Gotla, J. Janoschka, C. Carney, M. Pidou, D.J. Batstone Anaerobic membrane bioreactors enable high rate treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater, Biochemical Engineering Journal 97 (2015) 132–141.

DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.02.009

Google Scholar

[29] Caixia Wan, Quancheng Zhou, Guiming Fu, Yebo Li, Semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion of tckened activated sludge and fat, oil and grease, Waste Management 31 (2011) 1752–1758.

DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.03.025

Google Scholar

[30] E. J. Martínez, M. V. Gil, C. Fernandez, J. G. Rosas, X. Gómez, Anaerobic Codigestion of Sludge: Addition of Butcher's Fat Waste as a Cosubstrate for Increasing Biogas Production, PLOS ONE TENTH Anniversary. April 12, (2016).

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153139

Google Scholar

[31] R. Xu, Z. Yang, T. Chen, L. Zhao, J. Huang, H. X.P. Song, M. Li, Anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge with food waste under different fat, oil, grease contents: study on reactor performance and extracellular polymeric substances, RSC Sdvances. 125 (2015).

DOI: 10.1039/c5ra21459a

Google Scholar

[32] A. Grosser, E. Neczaj, B.R. Singh, Å.R. Almåsb H. Brattebø, M. Kacprzak, Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with grease trap sludge and municipal solid waste as co-substrates, Environmental Research. 155 (2017) 249-260.

DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.007

Google Scholar

[33] C. Noutsopoulos, D. Mamais, K. Antoniou, C. Avramides, P. Oikonomopoulos, I. Fountoulakis, Anaerobic co-digestion of grease sludge and sewage sludge: The effect of organic loading and grease sludge content, Bioresource Technology 131 (2013).

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.193

Google Scholar

[34] R.M. Ziels, D.A.C. Beck, H. D. Stensel, Long-chain fatty acid feeding frequency in anaerobic co-digestion impacts syntrophic community structure and biokinetics, Water Research. June (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.060

Google Scholar

[35] I. H. Franke-Whittle, A. Walter, C. Ebner, H. Insam, Investigation into the effect of high concentrations of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic digestion on methanogenic communities, Waste Management. 34 (2014) 2080-(2089).

DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.07.020

Google Scholar

[36] S.A. Silva, A.F. Salvador, A.J. Cavaleiro, M.A. Pereira, A. J. M. Stams, M. M. Alves, D.Z. Sousa, Toxicity of long chain fatty acids towards acetate conversion by Methanosaeta concili and Methanosarcina mazei, Microbial Biotechnology. 9 (4) (2016).

DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.12365

Google Scholar

[37] R. Rodríguez-Méndez, Y. L. Bihan, F. Béline, P. Lessard, Long chain fatty acids (LCFA) evolution for inhibition forecasting during anaerobic treatment of lipid-rich wastes: Case of milk-fed veal slaughterhouse waste, Waste Management, (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.028

Google Scholar

[38] Ashley Alfred Hendricks, Isolation and Characterisation of Lipolytic Bacteria and Investigation of their ability to Degrade Fats, Oils and Grease in Grain Distillery Wastewater, Master of Science in Food Science in the Faculty of Food Science at Stellenbosch University, Supervisor: Dr G.O. Sigge (March 2015).

Google Scholar

[39] P. Fauntaine, R. Mosrati.D. Corroller, Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis in Pseudomonas putidamt-2 is enhanced by co-metabolism of glycerol/octanoate or fatty acids mixtures, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 98 (2017).

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.01.115

Google Scholar

[40] V. Wigneswaran, K.F. Nielsen, C. Sternberg, P.R. Jensen, A. Folkesson, L. Jelsbak, Biofilm as a production platform for heterologous production of rhamnolipids by the non-pathogenic strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440, Microbial Cell Factories. 15 (2016).

DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0581-9

Google Scholar

[41] A. Witharana, J. Manatunge, N. Ratnayake, C.M. Nanayakkara, M. Jayaweera, Rapid degradation of FOG discharged from food industry wastewater by lipolytic fungi as a bioaugmentation application, Environmental Technology. 30 June (2017).

DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1349837

Google Scholar

[42] Andrea Hom-Diaz, Francesco Baldi, Paqui Bla´nquez, Lidia Lombardi, Lucı´a Martı´n-Gonzalez Teresa Vicent, Exhausted Fungal Biomass as a Feedstock for Increasing Methane Production During the Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Wastes, Waste Biomass Valor. 17 November (2015).

DOI: 10.1007/s12649-015-9450-8

Google Scholar

[43] P. Kanmani, J. Aravind, K. Kumaresan, Hydrolytic Enzyme Profiling of Bacillus Subtilis COM6B and Its Application in the Bioremediation of Groundnut Oil Mill Effluent, Integrated Waste Management in India. (2016) 179-189.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27228-3_17

Google Scholar

[44] M.C. Cammarota, D.M.G. Freire, A review on hydrolytic enzymes in the treatment of wastewater with high oil and grease content, Bioresource Technology 97 (2006) 2195–2210.

DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.030

Google Scholar

[45] Saengsanga Thanakorn, Siripornadulsil Wilailak, Siripornadulsil Surasak. Molecular and enzymatic characterization of alkaline lipase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens E1PA isolated from lipid-rich food waste, Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 82 (2016).

DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.08.005

Google Scholar

[46] J. Jeganathan, A. Bassi, G. Nakhla, Pre-treatment of high oil and grease pet food industrial wastewaters using immobilized lipase hydrolization, Journal of Hazardous Materials. B137 (2006) 121-128.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.106

Google Scholar