Diametral Tensile Strength Evaluation of Carbonate Apatite Cement Reinforced by Genipin Cross-Linked Gelatin

Abstract:

Carbonate apatite is one of the most widely studied bioceramic material for its use as bone cement. On the previous study, it has already stated that CO₃Ap cement has good osteoconductivity which makes this cement could be replaced by bone. However, the mechanical strength of CO₃Ap cement is still low. This low mechanical strength is estimated due to the high porosity and absence of organic components. The aim of this study is to improve the mechanical strength of the CO₃Ap cement reinforced by gelatin as an organic component with genipin as a cross-linking agent (Gelapin). The powder phase of vaterite and DCPA at weight ratio 40:60 were mixed with 0.2 mol/L Na₂HPO₄, 5% (w/v) gelatin, and 20% (v/v) genipin using 0.5 liquid to powder (L/P) ratio. The liquid phase ratios of Na₂HPO₄ and Gelapin were 50:50, 70:30, and 90:10. For control group, Gelapin were didn’t mixed in the liquid. Diametral tensile strength was improving and statistically significant (p<0.05) on set cement with 50:50 liquid ratio, the average value was 6.02 ± 0.14 MPa whereas the average value of the control group was only 3.10 ± 0.15 MPa. For this instance, gelatin serves a polymer matrix so the carbonate apatite crystallites could be well distributed within it which then gives more flexibility and resistance for the cement. On the other hand, genipin was also successfully cross-linked the gelatin. This study showed that by reinforcing CO₃Ap cement using genipin cross-linked gelatin might be a good candidate for a bone substitute material.

• Periodical: Key Engineering Materials (Volume 829)
• Pages: 28-33
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.829.28
• Online since: December 2019
• Authors: Zatira Avriyanti, Zulia Hasratiningsih, Arief Cahyanto*
• Keywords: Bone Cement, Carbonate Apatite, Gelatin, Genipin

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