Paper Titles
Starch Based Film Incorporated with Clitoria ternatea Flower Extracts as pH Indicator
p.252
The Evolution of Gasses in Fire Suppression Systems to Promote Changes in Industrial Towards Global Sustainability
p.259
An Attempt to Develop Aerobic Granular Sludge in Continuous Airlift Reactors
p.265
Role of the Selected Grass Species in Developing of Swampy Forest System for Passive Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage
p.273
Determination of Selected Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water Spinach (Ipomea aquatica)
p.279
The Effectiveness of Ni/Ce/Al2O3 Catalyst in the Extraction of Naphthenic Acids from Acidic Crude Oil
p.284
Influence of Molecular Weight on the Morphology and Structure of Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)
p.293
Effect of Solvents Ratio and Polymer Concentration on Electrospun Polybenzimidazole Nanofiber Membranes Fabrication
p.299
Comparison of Phenol-Formaldehyde and Lignin-Formaldehyde Resin Adhesives for Wood Application
p.307

Determination of Selected Heavy Metal Concentrations in Water Spinach (Ipomea aquatica)

Article Preview

Abstract:

Vegetables are essential in human diet but unfortunately it may also contribute to heavy metals’ consumption. High consumption of water spinach may cause harmful health effects due to contamination by heavy metals. Two different parts of water spinach (Ipomea aquatica), namely: i) leaves and, ii) stem were collected from markets around Bandar Pusat Jengka and UiTM area to determine and compare selected metals’ (Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb) concentrations to the standard permissible limit set by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO). The samples were prepared by wet digestion using a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 and then analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Heavy metals’ concentration ranges were recorded as follow; 0.130 – 9.410 mg/kg for Mn, 0.120 – 0.330 mg/kg for Cu, 0.200 – 2.470 mg/kg for Zn and 0.003 – 0.210 mg/kg for Pb. Concentration of Mn was higher than other metals. All concentrations of selected metals were below the maximum standard set by FAO/WHO except for leaves in sample A. Nevertheless, it should be noted that consuming the I. aquatica for a long time with excess amount of heavy metals may contribute to health effects.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Industrial Science and Technology II View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1025)

Pages:

279-283

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1025.279

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

March 2021

Authors:

Wan Noni Afida Ab Manan*, Nursyamimi Zulkurnain

Keywords:

Heavy Metal, Standard Permissible Limit, Water Spinach

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] N. Shaheen, N. M. Irfan, I. N. Khan, S. Islam, M. S. Islam, and M. K. Ahmed, Presence of heavy metals in fruits and vegetables: Health risk implications in Bangladesh. Chemosphere, 152 (2016) 431–438.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.060

Google Scholar

[2] S. Bashir, J. Zhu, Q. Fu, and H. Hu, Cadmium mobility, uptake and anti-oxidative response of water spinach (Ipomea aquatic) under rice straw biochar, zeolite and rock phosphate as amendments. Chemosphere, 194 (2018) 579–587.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.162

Google Scholar

[3] S. Islam and K. Ahmed, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety The concentration, source and potential human health risk of heavy metals in the commonly consumed foods in Bangladesh. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 122 (2015) 462–469.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.022

Google Scholar

[4] A. Shahbazi, A. R. Soffianian, and N. Mirghaffari, Impact assessment of agricultural activities on heavy metal accumulation in soil. AES Bioflux, 9(2) (2017) 99-108.

Google Scholar

[5] M. Pirsaheb, N. Fattahi, K. Sharafi, R. Khamotian, and Z. Atafar, Essential and toxic heavy metals in cereals and agricultural products marketed in Kermanshah, Iran, and human health risk assessment. Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B Surveillance, 9(1) (2016) 15–20.

DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2015.1099570

Google Scholar

[6] Y. Nuapia, L. Chimuka, and E. Cukrowska, Assessment of heavy metals in row food samples from open markets in two African cities. Chemosphere, 196 (2018) 339-346.

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.134

Google Scholar

[7] C. Bi, Y. Zhou, Z. Chen, J. Jia, and X. Bao, Heavy metals and lead isotopes in soils, road dust and leafy vegetables and health risks via vegetable consumption in the industrial areas of Shanghai, China. Science of the Total Environment, 619 (2018) 1349-1357.

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.177

Google Scholar

[8] W. K. O. C. Da Costa, C. S. da Silva, J. F. D. Figueiredo, J. A. Nóbrega, and A. P. S. Paim, Direct analysis of deodorants for determination of metals by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 155 (2018) 247-252.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.04.004

Google Scholar

[9] Z. U. Rehman, K. H. A. N. Sardar, M. T. Shah, M. L. Brusseau, S. A. Khan, and J. Mainhagu, Transfer of heavy metals from soils to vegetables and associated human health risks at selected sites in Pakistan. Pedosphere, 28(4) (2018) 666-679.

DOI: 10.1016/s1002-0160(17)60440-5

Google Scholar

[10] S. M. Zargar, R. Kurata, S. Inaba, A. Oikawa, R. Fukui, Y. Ogata, and Y. Fukao, Quantitative proteomics of Arabidopsis shoot microsomal proteins reveals a cross‐talk between excess zinc and iron deficiency. Proteomics, 15(7) (2015) 1196-1201.

DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400467

Google Scholar

[11] M. Adrees, S. Ali, M. Rizwan, M. Ibrahim, F. Abbas, M. Farid, and S. A. Bharwana, The effect of excess copper on growth and physiology of important food crops: a review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(11) (2015) 8148-8162.

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4496-5

Google Scholar

[12] W.N.A. Ab Manan, F.R. Sulaiman, R. Alias, and R. Laiman, Determination of selected heavy metal concentration in an oil palm plantation soil. Journal of Physical Science, 29 (Supp.3) (2018) 63-70.

DOI: 10.21315/jps2018.29.s3.8

Google Scholar

[13] WHO/FAO. Working Document for Information and Use in Discussions on the GSCTF CF/5. CODEX Alimentarius Commission, (March) (2011) 1-90 pp.

Google Scholar

[14] A. M. Wan Noni Afida, N. H. Nik Nur Syafiqa, and Z. Nur Sha'adah, Determination of selected heavy metals in Street Food around Jengka Area. GADING Journal for Science and Technology, 2 (2) (2019) 34-39.

Google Scholar

[15] A. M. Wan Noni Afida, A. Rubaiyah, C. A. Nor Aimuni Syahirah, and L. Rusdin, Assessing the selected heavy metals concentration on palm oil soil and fruit farm soil. e-Academia Special Issue TeMIC, 2289-6589, (2018) 80-87.

DOI: 10.24191/e-aj.v7isi-temic18.5395

Google Scholar