Preparation of Magnetic Alginate-Based Biogel Composite Cross-Linked by Calcium Ions and its Super Efficient Adsorption for Direct Dyes

Abstract:

Magnetic sodium alginate (SA)-based biosorbent Fe₃O₄@SA-Ca gel beads were synthesized by droplet polymerization using Ca²⁺ ions as crosslinking agent, and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Fe₃O₄@SA-Ca polymer was used for the removal of Direct Orange 26 (DO-26) dye from water. The ratio of raw materials and some important conditions affecting the adsorbent performance were carefully examined. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamics were investigated. When the concentrations of SA, CaCl₂ and Fe₃O₄ solutions were 1.9, 10 and 10 g/L, respectively, the black Fe₃O₄@SA-Ca gel beads with about 3 mm diameter were successfully prepared by curing 6h at room temperature. The polymer gel exhibits ultra-high adsorption capacity of 1252 mg/g and removal efficiency of 96.2 % for DO-26 under the conditions of 0.05 g polymer dosage, 2600 mg/L of dye initial concentration, solution pH 2.0 and 90 min of the adsorption time at 298 K. The dye removal efficiency can be all over 92 % in a wide pH range of 2.0 to 10.0. The adsorption process completely accorded with the pseudo-second-order rate model at different temperatures (298 ~ 328 K). The dye adsorption behavior was well in line with Freundlich model. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption reaction was of spontaneous and exothermic nature. SEM analysis showed that the Fe₃O₄@SA-Ca gel beads appeared uneven surface with irregular folds and grooves. A high-cost-effective magnetic biosorbent, Fe₃O₄@SA-Ca can super effectively remove direct dyes from high-concentration wastewater in a wide range of acidity, and can be easily separated and recovered from water after adsorption without secondary pollution, and would have a good application prospect.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1035)
• Pages: 1022-1029
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1035.1022
• Online since: June 2021
• Authors: Bei Gang Li*, Wen Jie Lin
• Keywords: Adsorption, Alginate, Calcium Ion, Direct Dye, Magnetic Gel Composite

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