Paper Titles
Research Progress and Application of Modified Silicon-Based Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
p.35
Synthesis of Self-Supporting ZnO Nanowire Array Film and its Optical Property and Room Temperature Ferromagnetism
p.45
Study on Spectral Structure and Photoelectric Properties of LED Healthy Light Source
p.53
Patterning Method for Nanowire Transparent Conductive Films
p.66
Research Progress in Silver Zinc Oxide Electrical Contact Material
p.77
Research and Analysis of Graphene Coatings Based on Knowledge Mapping
p.93
Research on Purification Technology of Ultra-Large Flake Graphite Based on Alkali-Acid Method
p.104
Study on the Effect of Reduction Temperature on the Catalytic Activity of Fe-Mo/Al2O3 Catalyst and the Microstructure of Carbon Nanotubes
p.114
Preparation and Properties of Straw Fiber/Polylactic Acid Composites
p.122

Research Progress in Silver Zinc Oxide Electrical Contact Material

Article Preview

Abstract:

Since the performance of silver metal oxide (Ag/MeO) electrical contact materials directly affects the reliability and service life of switching apparatus, the related research on high-performance Ag/MeO electrical contact materials has not stopped. And with the rapid development of switching apparatus, higher and higher requirements are put forward for the performance of Ag/MeO electrical contact materials. Thanks to low and stable contact resistance, short arc burning time, good resistance to high current impulse (3000-5000 A) and good anti-arc erosion, silver zinc oxide (Ag/ZnO) more than just serves as an indispensable environmentally friendly alternative to silver cadmium oxide (Ag/CdO) electrical contact material, and has become one of the important research hotspots of Ag/MeO in recent years. Nevertheless, Ag/ZnO is suffering the increasingly serious challenges, especially the poor processability and electrical properties due to the easy segregation of zinc oxide (ZnO) during the process of preparation, which urge scholars at home and abroad to seek favorable methods to optimize the Ag/ZnO. As yet, impressive strides have been made in optimization the preparation process, nano-technology and additive modification of materials, and research on the failure mechanism of materials. Aiming to provide reference for optimizing Ag/ZnO electrical contact material, this review retrospects the research progress in Ag/ZnO electrical contact materials in recent years, and expounds the preparation methods, processing technology, modification research and failure mechanism of Ag/ZnO, and points out the future development directions of Ag/ZnO.

You might also be interested in these eBooks
Materials in Machinery and Construction View Preview

Info:

Periodical:

Materials Science Forum (Volume 1036)

Pages:

77-90

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1036.77

Citation:

Cite this paper

Online since:

June 2021

Authors:

Shang Qiang Zhao, Ming Xie*, Ji Heng Fang, Yong Tai Chen, Sai Bei Wang

Keywords:

Electrical Contact Material, Fabrication Process, Failure Mechanism, Modification, Silver Zinc Oxide (Ag/ZnO)

Export:

RIS, BibTeX

Price:

Permissions CCC:

Request Permissions

Permissions PLS:

Request Permissions

Сopyright:

© 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. All Rights Reserved

Share:

Citation:

* - Corresponding Author

References

[1] C.P. Wu, D.Q Yi, C.H. Xu, et al, Present research situation and development trend of silver alloys, Electrical Engineering Materials. 2 (2012) 1-8.

Google Scholar

[2] D.P. Huang, C.C. Jia, X.H. Qu, The development and present state of Ag based oxide contact materials, Electrical Engineering Materials. 4 (2003) 41-45.

Google Scholar

[3] R.J. Ma, Progress in the research and application of silver-based electrical contact material, Rare Metals and Cemented Carbide. 36 (2008) 28-36.

Google Scholar

[4] W.S. Li, Y.M. Li, J. Zhang, et al, Progress in the research and application of silver-based electrical contact materials, Materials Review. 25 (2011) 34-39+55.

Google Scholar

[5] A.L. Stroyuk, V.V. Shvalagin, S.Y. Kuchmii, Photochemical synthesis, spectral-optical and electro-physical properties of composite nanoparticles of ZnO/Ag, Theoretical Experimental Chem. 40 (2004) 98-101.

DOI: 10.1023/b:thec.0000028904.52818.e7

Google Scholar

[6] J. Sekikawa, T. Sugio, T. Kubono, Relationship between arc duration and motion of arc spots for break arcs of Ag and Ag/ZnO electrical contacts, IEICE Transactions on Electronics. E91.C (2008) 1249-1254.

DOI: 10.1093/ietele/e91-c.8.1249

Google Scholar

[7] J. Sekikawa, R. Kubono, Effect of contact materials of Ag/SnO2 and Ag/ZnO on rotational motion of break arcs driven by radial magnetic field, IEICE Transactions on Electronics. E93.C (2010) 1387-1392.

DOI: 10.1587/transele.e93.c.1387

Google Scholar

[8] C.P. Wu, D.Q. Yi, J. Li, et al, The study on internal oxidation thermodynamics and kinetics of AgZnO electrical contact materials, Electrical Engineering Materials, 4 (2006) 23-26.

Google Scholar

[9] S. Balachandran, S.G. Praveen, R. Velmurugan, et al, Facile fabrication of highly efficient, reusable heterostructured Ag-ZnO-CdO and its twin applications of dye degradation under natural sunlight and self-cleaning, Royal Society of Chemistry Advance. 4 (2014) 4353-4362.

DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45381b

Google Scholar

[10] M. Ardestani, M. Zakeri, M.J. Nayyeri, et al, Synthesis of Ag-ZnO composites via ball milling and hot pressing processes, Mater Sci-Poland. 32 (2014) 121-125.

DOI: 10.2478/s13536-013-0167-8

Google Scholar

[11] K.H. Schroder, Silver-metal oxides as contact materials, IEEE Transactions on Components Hybrids & Manufacturing Technology. 10 (1987) 127-134.

DOI: 10.1109/tchmt.1987.1134702

Google Scholar

[12] B.X. Nie, A.K. Li, Y. Chen, Study on microstructure and properties of AgCuO electrical contact material made by metal internal oxidation, Precious Metals. 39 (2018) 25-31.

Google Scholar

[13] T.J. Schoepf, F. Hauner, Effects of different loads on the surface of silver metal oxide contacts for general-purpose relays, IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies. 28 (2005) 728-733.

DOI: 10.1109/tcapt.2005.859755

Google Scholar

[14] D. Guzmán, P. Munoz, C. Aguilar, et al, Synthesis of Ag-ZnO powders by means of a mechanochemical process, Journal of Applied Physics. 117 (2014) 871-875.

DOI: 10.1007/s00339-014-8447-7

Google Scholar

[15] T.J. Schoepf, V. Behrens, T. Honig, et al, Development of silver zinc oxide for general-purpose relays, IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies. 25 (2003) 656-662.

DOI: 10.1109/tcapt.2002.807999

Google Scholar

[16] S. Gavriliu, M. Lungu, E. Enescu, et al, A comparative study concerning the obtaining and using of some Ag-CdO, Ag-ZnO and Ag-SnO2 sintered electrical contact materials, Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials-rapid Communications. 3 (2009) 688-692.

Google Scholar

[17] G. Ma, X.L. Sun, Modifying and manufacturing method of silver based electric contactor, Rare Metals Bulletin.26 (2007) 14-19.

Google Scholar

[18] Y.C. Yang, S.J. Fu, Y.S. Li, et al, The researching status and developing tendency of silver base electrical engineering alloy, Precious Metals. 28 (2007) 71-74.

Google Scholar

[19] N.S. Nikolaeva, V.V. Ivanov, A.A. Shubin, Synthesis of Ag/ZnO mixture for powdered contact materials, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry. 87 (2014) 405-411.

DOI: 10.1134/s1070427214040016

Google Scholar

[20] X.H. Chen, C.C. Jia, X.B. Liu, Application of powder metallurgy technology to manufacture of silver-based contact materials, Powder Metallurgy Industry. 19 (2009) 41-47.

Google Scholar

[21] J.X. Lei, X.M. Ma, H.F. Yu, et al, Progresses in preparation of electrical contact materials by mechanical alloying, Materials Science & Engineering. 3 (2002) 457-460.

Google Scholar

[22] Z.H. Chen, D. Chen, Mechanical alloying and solid-liquid reaction ball mill, Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, (2006).

Google Scholar

[23] F. Hadef, A. Otmani, Mechanical alloying/milling//Handbook of mechanical nano structuring, John Wiley & Sons. Ltd, New York, (2015).

DOI: 10.1002/9783527674947.ch12

Google Scholar

[24] S. Challapalli, Mechanical alloying: a novel technique to synthesize, Advanced Materials, (2019).

Google Scholar

[25] J.Q. Xie, C. Peng, H.P. Huang, Infulence of process technology on the structure and properties of Ag-ZnO electric contacts, Powder Metallurgy Industry. 6 (1996) 35-38.

Google Scholar

[26] P.B. Joshi, P.S. Krishnan, R.H. Patel, et al, Improved P/M silver-zinc oxide electrical contacts, International Journal of Powder Metallurgy. 4 (1998) 63-74.

Google Scholar

[27] L. Fan, Microstructure and properties of Ag-ZnO composite materials by chemical co-precipitation method, Powder Metallurgy Industry. 23 (2013) 26-29.

Google Scholar

[28] Z.J. Wei, L.J. Zhang, Q.H. Shen, Preparation and characterization of Ag/ZnO composite from different methods for application in electrical contact materials, In: 2014' Sol-Gel Symposium of China & International Forum, Kunming, 2014, p.169.

Google Scholar

[29] J.H. Fan, Study on the preparation of Ag coated ZnO powder and properties of Ag/ZnO electric contact material, MS., Yunnan University, China, (2017).

Google Scholar

[30] W. Zhang, Research on the preparation and properties of Ag-ZnO-TiC electrical contact material, MS., Yunnan University, China, (2016).

Google Scholar

[31] C.P. Wu, D.Q Yi, J. Li, et al, Investigation on microstructure and performance of Ag/ZnO contact material, Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 457 (2008) 565-570.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.03.099

Google Scholar

[32] C.P. Wu, D.Q. Yi, J. Li, et al, Investigation on microstructure and performance of AgZnO electrical contact material fabricated by new technology, Electrical Engineering Materials. 3 (2007) 3-7+16.

Google Scholar

[33] Y.D. Wang, M. He, L.C. Guan, Effect of diffusion treatment on microstructure defects of silver zinc oxide contact materials, Electrical Engineering Materials. 4 (1995) 20-24+41.

Google Scholar

[34] S.Z. Hou, X.M. Liu, J.K Zhou, et al, New technology for preparation of silver-zinc oxide contact material, Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals. 3 (1995) 112-114.

Google Scholar

[35] X.P. Bai, X.F. Yan, L.Q. Liu, The silver zinc oxide materal for rivets, Electrical Engineering Materials. 1 (2006) 3-5.

Google Scholar

[36] X.P. Bai, D.W. Wang, W.H. Lin, et al, Chinese Patent CN101202168. (2008).

Google Scholar

[37] P.B. Joshi, V.J. Rao, B.R. Rehani, et al, Silver-zinc oxide electrical contact materials by mechanochemical synthesis route, Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics. 45 (2007) 9-15.

Google Scholar

[38] Y.F. Chen, L. Hu, X.P. Bai, et al, Chinese Patent CN110449571A. (2019).

Google Scholar

[39] J. Chen, M. Xie, L. Chen, et al, Manufacturing of electrical contact materials by spray forming technology, Electrical Engineering Materials. 3 (2003) 16-20.

Google Scholar

[40] Q.F. Zhang, Y.F. Pan, A study on nanocrystalline material of the W-Cu system, Journal of Nanjing Forestry University. 22 (4) (1998) 63.

Google Scholar

[41] X.Y. Li, Y.P. Wang, Microstructure and properties of CuCr contact materials with microcrystalline or nanocrystalline Grains, Rare Matels. 23 (1999) 363-365.

Google Scholar

[42] K. Tousimi, A.R. Yavari, J.H. Ahn, et al, Microstructure, conductivity and hardness of Cu and Ag-based compacts with immiscible elements, Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials. 307 (1999) 223-230.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.1.223

Google Scholar

[43] Z.B. Shao, C.Y. Wang, X.B. Chen, et al, Photocatalysis and preparation of nanometer-sized ZnO/Ag by polyacrylamide gel method, Chinese Journal of Materials Research. 1 (2005) 59-63.

Google Scholar

[44] G. Zhou, J.C. Deng, Preparation of nano-sized Ag/ZnO via coordination homogenous co-precipitation method, Journal of Functional Materials. 4 (2007) 665-668.

Google Scholar

[45] D. Guzmán, C. Aguilar, P. Rojas, et al, Production of Ag-ZnO powders by hot mechanochemical processing, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 29 (2019) 365-373.

DOI: 10.1016/s1003-6326(19)64946-0

Google Scholar

[46] Z.J. Wei, Preparation and properties of Ag/ZnO electrical contact materials, Ph.D., Zhejiang University, China, (2016).

Google Scholar

[47] S.Y. Xia, J.J. Chen, The structure and properties of internal oxidied silver-zinc alloy for electric contact, Journal of Beijing University of Iron and Steel. 4 (1987) 51-56.

Google Scholar

[48] Z.J. Wei, L.J. Zhang, T. Shen, et al, Effects of oxide-modified spherical ZnO on electrical properties of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material, Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance. 25 (2016) 3662-3671.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-016-2056-x

Google Scholar

[49] Y. Li, G. Li, Q. Yin, Preparation of ZnO varistors by solution nano-coating technique, Materials Science & Engineering B. B130 (2006) 264-268.

DOI: 10.1016/j.mseb.2006.03.010

Google Scholar

[50] C.H Xu, D.Q Yi, C.P Wu, et al, Effects of additives on the structure and properties of Ag-ZnO contact materials, Journal of Functional Materials. 8 (2008) 1306-1309.

Google Scholar

[51] Z.Y. Qiao, Study on electrodeposition modified Ag/SnO2 electrical contact materials and its electrical properties, Ph.D., Zhejiang University, China, (2019).

Google Scholar

[52] A.K. Li, B.X. Nie, M. Xie, et al, Microstructure and property research on AgZnO electrical contact materials prepared by hot isostatic pressing, Precious Metals. 39 (2018) 14-20.

Google Scholar

[53] Z.J. Wei, L. Zhang, H. Yang, et al, Effect of preparing method of ZnO powders on electrical arc erosion behavior of Ag/ZnO electrical contact material, Journal of Materials Research. 31 (2016) 468-479.

DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2016.20

Google Scholar

[54] B.J. Wang, N. Saka, Spark erosion behavior of silver-based particulate composites, Wear, 195 (1996) 133-147.

DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(95)06816-3

Google Scholar

[55] J.W. Wan, J.G. Zhang, M.Z. Rong, Adjustment state and quasisteady state of structure and composition of AgMeO contacts by breaking arcs, In: Conference Record of the 1998 IEEE 44th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts, Arlington, 1998, p.202.

DOI: 10.1109/holm.1998.722446

Google Scholar

[56] C.P. Wu, D.Q. Yi, W. Weng, et al, Influence of alloy components on arc erosion morphology of Ag/MeO electrical contact materials, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. 26 (2016) 185-195.

DOI: 10.1016/s1003-6326(16)64105-5

Google Scholar

[57] Y. Zhang, B. Song, X. Zhao, et al, Microstructure and properties of Ag/SnO2 functional material manufactured by selective laser melting, Nano Materials Science. 1 (2019) 208-214.

DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.04.001

Google Scholar