The Use of Sol-Gel Method for Obtaining Fire-Resistant Elastic Coatings on Cotton Fabrics

Abstract:

Based on the generalization of research results on the processes of obtaining SiO₂ sols using tetraethoxysilane and ethyl silicates, the main factors influencing the elasticity of silica coatings on cotton fabrics and their fire-retardant properties are considered. The possibility of forming covalent bonds between the functional groups of cellulose, gel coating and flame retardant layer is considered, which explains the strong fixation of a thin layer of coating on the fibers of the fabric and improve its fire protection. The use of the developed compositions for fire-retardant elastic coatings based on ethyl silicate allows to increase the time of complete burning of cotton from 30s (untreated fabric) to 600s (treated with binary coating).

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1038)
• Pages: 468-479
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.1038.468
• Online since: July 2021
• Authors: Olga Skorodumova*, Olena Tarakhno, Olena Chebotaryova, Oleg Bezuglov, Fatih Mehmet Emen
• Keywords: Binary Coatings, Cotton Fabric, Elastic Coatings, Ethyl Silicate, Fire-Resistance, SiO₂ Sol, Tetraethoxysilane

References

[1] G. Brancatelli, C. Colleoni, M.R. Massafra, G. Rosace, Effect of hybrid phosphorus-doped silica thin films produced by sol-gel method on the thermal behavior of cotton fabrics, Polymer Degradation and Stability. 96 (4) (2011) 483–490.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2011.01.013

[2] B.J.J. Zelinski, D.R. Uhlmann, Gel technology in ceramics, J. Phys. and Chem. Solids. 45 (10) (1984) 1069-1090.

DOI: 10.1016/0022-3697(84)90049-0

[3] S. Sakka, Sol–gel science and technology. Topics and fundamental research and applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, (2003).

[4] Y.N. Goncharenko, O.B. Skorodumova, D.S. Pushkar', G.D. Semchenko, Preparation of silica fillers for stomatologic composite materials, Refractories and Industrial Ceramics. 42 (9–10) (2001) 307–309.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1014069109343

[5] C.L. Chiang, R.C. Chang, Synthesis, characterization and properties of novel self-extinguish organic-inorganic nanocomposites containing nitrogen, silicon and phosphorus via sol–gel method, Composites Science and Technology. 68 (14) (2008) 2849–2857.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.10.017

[6] C.L. Chiang C.C.M. Ma, D.L. Wu, H.C. Kuan, Preparation, characterization and properties of novolac-type phenolic/SiO2 hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials by sol–gel method, Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry. 41 (7) (2003) 905–9 13.

DOI: 10.1002/pola.10624

[7] C.L. Chiang, S.L. Chiu, Synthesis, characterization and properties of halogen-free flame retardant PMMA nanocomposites containing nitrogen/silicon prepared from the sol–gel method, Journal of Polymer Research. 16(6) (2009) 637–646.

DOI: 10.1007/s10965-009-9268-9

[8] B. Mahltig, H. Buttcher, H. Rauch, U. Dieckman, R. Nitsche, T. Fritz, Optimized UV protecting coatings by combination of organic and inorganic UV absorbers, Thin Solid Films. 48 (1–2) (2005) 108–114.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2005.03.056

[9] F.Y. Li, Y.J. Xing, X. Ding, Y. Zu, Immobilization of papa in on cotton fabric by sol–gel method, Enzyme and Microbial Technology. 40 (7) (2007) 1692–1697.

DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2006.09.007

[10] A.R. Horrocks, High Performance Textiles and their Applications, Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles, (2014).

[11] A.C. Cireli, N. Onar, M.F. Ebeoglugil, I. Kayatekin, N. Kutlu, O. Culha, E. Celik Development of flame retardancy properties of new halogen-free phosphorous doped SiO2 thin films on fabrics, Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 105 (6) (2007) 3747–3756.

DOI: 10.1002/app.26442

[12] S. Hribernik, M.S. Smole, K.S. Kleinschek, M. Bele, J. Jamink, M. Gaberscek Flame retardant of SiO2-coated regenerated cellulose fibres, Polymer Degradation and Stability. 92 (11) (2007) 1957–(1965).

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2007.08.010

[13] N. Yaman, Preparation and flammability properties of hybrid materials containing phosphorous compounds via sol–gel process, Fibers and Polymers. 10 (4) (2009) 413–418.

DOI: 10.1007/s12221-009-0413-1

[14] J. Alongi, M. Ciobanu, G. Malucelli, Cotton fabrics treated with hybrid organic–inorganic coatings obtained through dual-cure processes, Cellulose. 18 (2011) 1335–1348.

DOI: 10.1007/s10570-011-9564-5

[15] J. Tata, J. Alongi, F. Carosio, A. Frache, Optimization of the procedure to burn textile fabrics by cone calorimeter: part I. Combustion behavior of polyester, Fire and Materials. 35 (2011) 397–409.

DOI: 10.1002/fam.1061

[16] J. Alongi, M. Ciobanu, G. Malucelli, Sol–gel treatments on cotton fabrics for improving thermal and flame stability: effect of the structure of the alkoxysilane precursor, Carbohydrate Polymers. 87 (1) (2012) 627– 635.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.036

[17] J. Alongi, M. Ciobanu, G. Malucelli, Thermal stability, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cotton fabrics treated with inorganic coatings synthesized through sol–gel processes, Carbohydrate Polymers. 87(3) (2012) 2093–(2099).

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.10.032

[18] O. Skorodumova, O. Tarakhno, O. Chebotaryova, Y. Hapon, F.M. Emen, Formation of fire retardant properties in elastic silica coatings for textile materials, Materials Science Forum. 1006 (2020) 25–31.

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1006.25

[19] O.B. Skorodumova, G.D. Semchenko, Y.N. Goncharenko, V.S. Tolstoi, Crystallization of SiO2 from ethylsilicate-based gels, Glass and Ceramics (English translation of Steklo i Keramika).  58 (1-2) (2001) 31–33.

DOI: 10.1023/a:1010933028152

[20] O. Skorodumova, O. Tarakhno, O. Chebotaryova, M. Skripnik, The use of organosilicon raw materials of a technical level of purity to obtain binary protective coatings on fabric in the SiO2 sol – flame retardant system, Fire safety problems. 47 (2020) 112–119.