Materials Science Forum Vol. 1057

Abstract: Lead-acid batteries consist of Pb, PbO, and Sulfate acid as a negative electrode, positive electrode, and electrolyte respectively. Research on lead-acid batteries mostly focused on the modification of one or two of its electrodes or the electrolyte. In this research, we focused on the modification of the solution, so the electrochemical behavior of lead electrodes in sulfate acid-containing various Pb ion concentrations has been investigated. The lead (Pb) experience electrochemical oxidation in sulfate solution containing different prior Pb ions. After oxidation of the samples, they were characterized. The characterization was focused on the structure parameter of the Pb its self, surface morphology, and its electrochemical properties in a sulfate solution. It was found that the oxidation has a different open circuit pattern for different Pb ion concentrations. The structure of the Pb observed by X-ray diffraction shows different parameter structures. It also appears the specific anodic oxidation peak” at the anodic scan in linear sweep voltammetry. The patterns of the passive region in linear sweep voltammetry look different. It shows that the mechanism of oxidation is different among the samples. The surfaces morphology of the samples is different. The resulting oxidation products cover the surface partly or entirely when the ion Pb concentration increase. The samples show the potential oxidation shift to more cathodic from -612 mV to -102 mV due to different Pb ion concentrations in the solution. But the oxidation current shows the highest at one of the samples.