Applying Box-Behnken Experimental Design for Optimization of Polyurethane Membrane Synthesis from Castor Oil (Ricinus communis L.) Based on Physical Performance

Abstract:

The process of synthesizing polyurethane (PU) membranes typically involves linking together networks of polymers using organic materials like polyols and isocyanates. Subsequent investigations used additional inorganic substances within PU polymers to enhance the mechanical and thermal characteristics of membranes. In order to be used as a sensor matrix, the PU membrane needs to have certain good qualities and be able to firmly attach to ions. Hence, further refinement of the membrane is necessary in order to enhance these attributes. The PU membrane made from castor oil (Ricinus communis L.) was changed in this study by adding ĸ-carrageenan and D2EHPA. The composition of the membrane plays a crucial role in governing the creation of hard and soft segments within the membrane structure. The right membrane composition can be found by using Expert Version 13 software for process design. This software is based on the Response Surface Methodology and uses Box-Behnken Design. The primary aim of this study was to fabricate PU membranes utilizing natural resources while ensuring the attainment of desirable qualities. The R² and PRESS values, which are very important for figuring out how important the physical performance response is, led to the choice of the quadratic model design as the best one. One of the experimental conditions was the use of 0.231 mg of D2EHPA, 1.241 mg of κ-carrageenan, and 3.840 g of acetone. The final mixture was predicted to have a visual scale value of 6.5 so that a membrane with the best physical properties in terms of strength and flexibility could be made. The composite-derived PU membrane has favorable physical performance. The findings of this study can serve as a foundational element for the advancement of PU membranes in a wide range of prospective applications.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1136)
• Pages: 69-77
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-Xku9SB
• Online since: December 2024
• Authors: Faridah Hanum, Eka Safitri*, Rinaldi Idroes, Nasrullah Idris
• Keywords: Box-Behnken Design, Castor Oil, Ƙ-Carrageenan, Physical Performance, Polyurethane Membrane

References

[1] N. Nasrollahi, M. Yousefpoor, A. Khataee, and V. Vatanpour, Journal of Industrial Engineering Chemistry 116, 99-119 (2022).

DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.09.038

[2] H. Liu, J. Gao, W. Huang et al, Nanoscale 8, 12977-12989 (2016).

[3] A. Azarang, A. Rahbar-Kelishami, R. Norouzbeigi et al, Environmental Technology & Innovation 15, 100432 (2019).

DOI: 10.1016/j.eti.2019.100432

[4] M. Agah Tekindal, H. Bayrak, B. Ozkaya, and Y. Genc, Turkish Journal of Field Crops 17, 115-123 (2012).

[5] S. Nurman, S. Saiful, B. Ginting, R. Rahmi, and M. Marlina, Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 21, 932-941 (2021).

[6] W. A. Jensen, Journal of Quality Technology 49, 186-188 (2017).

[7] R. F. Gunst, R. H. Myers, and D. C. Montgomery, Technometrics 38, 285 (1996).

[8] S. Ferreira, R. Bruns, H. Ferreira et al, Analytica Chimica Acta 597, 179-186 (2007).

[9] S. J. S. Chelladurai, K. Murugan, A. P. Ray, M. Upadhyaya, V. Narasimharaj, and S. Gnanasekaran, "Optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology: A review", Material Today: Proceedings 37 (Elsevier Ltd, 2020), pp.1301-1304.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.06.466

[10] P. Qiu, M. Cui, and K. Kang, et al, Central European Journal of Chemistry 12, 164-172, (2014).

[11] S. Nurman, S. Saiful, B. Ginting, R. Rahmi, and M. Marlina, "Development red seaweed based (Gracilaria verrucosa Greville) polyurethane membrane", AIP Conference Proceedings 2613 (AIP Publishing, 2023), p.040004.

DOI: 10.1063/5.0119339

[12] Z. Lalegani and S. A. S. Ebrahimi, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 595, 124647 (2020).

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124647

[13] R. González-Vega, J. Cardenas-Lopez, J.Lopez-Elias et al, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, 1401-1416 (2021).

[14] N. Amirov and A. R. Vakhshouri, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 45, 31913-31925 (2020).

[15] W. Lestari, S. Setiyowati, K. Fauziah Asyikin et al, Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia 12, 69-78 (2022).

[16] Z. Zhao, S. Cuellar Bermudez, A. Ilyas, K. Muylaert, and I. F. J. Vankelecom, Separation and Purification Technology 252, 117385 (2020).

DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117385