Materials Science Forum Vol. 1170

Abstract: The main benefit of being lightweight composites have supplanted traditional materials in a variety of applications, including the automotive and aerospace sectors, homes, and ornamental materials. The better recycling and environmental benefits of the replacement natural fiber make them a significant component in the fabrication of composites. Numerous researchers are looking into the utilization of natural fiber in place of synthetic fiber in composite materials because of this environmentally friendly idea. In order to create a composite with the necessary equivalent strength, hemp is used as the matrix material and jute, a natural fiber, is used as reinforcement in this research study. In order to create the composite, the ideal 40mm jute fiber length is orientated randomly during the compression moulding process. To find the ideal natural fiber to resins ratio, three composites compositions are created with varying volume of fiber percentage of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Tensile, flexural, impact, and compression tests are used to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the samples in order to identify the ideal fiber ratio percentage for creating the composite substitute. It has been found that composites with 15% volumes percentage of fiber have better and more desirable mechanical properties than composites with the other two volume percentages under consideration. Since jute is a plant used for medicinal purposes, it has a wide range of potential uses in the developing biomedical and automotive industries. Keywords: Jute fiber, Hemp matrix, Compression moulding.

Abstract: Aim: This research evaluates the strength and stability of hemp, kenaf, and coir fiber reinforced composites produced by compression molding for industrial applications. Materials and Methods: Hemp, kenaf, and coir fibers are blended with a polymer matrix and compression molded. Group 1 (Traditional) This article illustrates the effective fabrication of hybrid fiber. Ultimately stabilized to a medium percentage of resin (75%). Group 2 (Composite) hemp, kenaf & coir blended fiber source more tensile, compressive strength and minimum water absorption rate and wear behavior. Result: The best were the kenaf composites, then hemp water resistance, and they all possessed good thermal stability. Compression molding assisted in enhancing fiber bonding. Conclusion: Compression molding improved the adhesion of fiber and matrix. Kenaf composite exhibited maximum strength, hemp exhibited maximum water resistance, and all of them exhibited good thermal stability.

Abstract: The automotive industry has been challenged by the rising need for lighter, environmentally friendly, low-emission, and low-energy consumption vehicles. Aluminium is regarded as a viable alternative to the heavier materials presently used in manufacturing automobiles due to its desirable characteristics. A review of the application of hybrid aluminium matrix composites (HAMCs) and aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) in the automotive sector is discussed in this paper. An overview of the properties and applications of fiber-reinforced, discontinuous, and particle-reinforced AMCs and HAMCs is given. Due to their superior mechanical, tribological, and physical properties, aluminium composite materials have emerged as the material of choice for most engineering applications. A discussion of the importance of proper selection of materials is also presented. The potential applications of AMCs and HAMCs in the automotive industry, i.e., brake discs and drums, cylinder blocks and liners, pistons, crankshafts, connecting rods, brake calipers, turbo heat exchangers, and others, are also addressed in this review. Recent trends and trends forming in aluminium use in automotive applications are also determined through the assessment.

Abstract: The aim of this study of mechanical behavior of these composites under tensile and impact loading and their applicability to real applications is the goal. Group 1 The ultimate tensile strength of Ficus religiosa stem fiber is 11.939[N/mm²]. Group 2 ultimate strength of sisal fiber is 9.006 [N/mm²]. As indicated by the results, sisal fibers significantly enhanced the impact resistance and tensile strength of composite materials, therefore they are viable to apply in various engineering application. displayed promise as an inherent composite with limited mechanical potential, as indicated by its good tensile and impact strength.

Abstract: This study investigates the mechanical properties, water absorption and microstructural analysis of hybrid composites reinforced with Hemp fiber (HF) and Sisal fiber (SF) combined with Silicon Carbide (SiC) particles in epoxy composites. The fibers were treated with 5% NaOH solution for varying durations to enhance their properties. Composite laminates were fabricated using compression molding with different weight fractions of fibers (30 wt%) and SiC particles. The mechanical behaviour of the composites was evaluated through tensile, flexural, and water absorption tests following ASTM standards. The results shows that hybridization with hemp and sisal fibers improves the properties of epoxy composites, with increased hemp fiber content leading to enhanced mechanical performance.These included a tensile strength of 57.82 MPa, flexural strength of 94.7 MPa. The water absorption dipped in 120 hours of immersion in water, with the HFSF/SiC-5 showing the highest water absorption of 6%.The SEM images revealed a homogeneous distribution, fiber pullouts, voids of fibers and filler materials confirmed the presence in the composites.

Abstract: For further understanding the mechanical characteristics and structural stability of cliff stone relics noumenon, and studying the damage and deterioration characteristics under weathering, the basic mechanical tests and non-destructive exploration research of granite rocks in Tieshan Cliff rock relics were carried out combined with engineering project. The basic mechanical parameters of rock and the fracture appearance were obtained through experiments, the three-dimensional numerical model was established according to the laser scanning result, and the structural plane and fracture development of rock mass were analyzed based on the three-dimensional model, so as to study the damage and failure mechanism of granite rock that of cliff stone relics. The results indicate that the damage strength and fragmentation degree of rock are obviously different under different conditions between weathered rock and fresh rock. The internal structure of weathered rock gradually develops from lamellar growth to porous structure. Fracture development of rock mass is an important factor affecting the stability of cliff stone relics noumenon. The research can provide scientific basis for the conservation and restoration work of cliff stone carving.

Abstract: Tobe porcelain, a renowned traditional ceramic craft of Ehime Prefecture, Japan, is predominantly produced through manual techniques involving the use of a potter’s wheel. This process necessitates a high degree of craftsmanship and accumulated experience. However, the preservation of these traditional techniques is increasingly challenged by a declining population of skilled artisans, a consequence of Japan’s aging society and decreasing birthrate. In response to this issue, the present study proposes the development of an innovative manufacturing process incorporating digital technologies. A coupled thermal structural analysis of the firing process was conducted using the finite element method (FEM), and ceramic prototypes were fabricated via casting and molding, informed by the simulation outcomes. The close correlation between the simulation and experimental results substantiates the validity and practical applicability of the proposed analytical model.

Abstract: The article presents a result of experimental investigations, it was established that it is possible to produce fiber-reinforced concrete using a combination of steel and polypropylene fibers, which demonstrates compressive strength exceeding 80 MPa and flexural tensile strength exceeding 17 MPa. Combined reinforcement of concrete increases its overall strength, with the most significant improvement observed in flexural tensile strength. Based on the analysis of a set of experimental and statistical models of the strength parameters of fiber-reinforced concrete using steel and polypropylene fibers, the effectiveness of their application for heavy concretes used in rigid pavement structures has been confirmed. Quantitative relationships were obtained that characterize the influence of the content of steel and polypropylene fibers on compressive strength and flexural tensile strength. Given the complexity of modern pavement service conditions, combined reinforcement methods offer a highly adaptable and performance-oriented solution. Further experimental validation and numerical modeling are necessary to optimize fiber combinations and ensure their long-term effectiveness in rigid pavement design.

Abstract: Non-traditional colour solutions used by designers in the design of building exteriors and interiors are driving a rapid increase in demand for locally produced decorative building materials. The modern pigments market offers a wide range of products, but not all of them satisfy consumer requirements, particularly regarding colour range. Inorganic pigments are characterised by high resistance to light and weather conditions, but organic pigments provide the greatest variety and brightness. Due to the significant rise in energy costs, which in turn has increased the price of Portland cement, more attention in Ukraine is being given to the research and application of magnesia-based binders. One of the advantages of these binders is that they require significantly less energy for production compared to lime and Portland cement.