Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Characteristics of Jute and Hemp Fiber Composites Manufactured by Fusion Deposition Modelling

Abstract:

The main benefit of being lightweight composites have supplanted traditional materials in a variety of applications, including the automotive and aerospace sectors, homes, and ornamental materials. The better recycling and environmental benefits of the replacement natural fiber make them a significant component in the fabrication of composites. Numerous researchers are looking into the utilization of natural fiber in place of synthetic fiber in composite materials because of this environmentally friendly idea. In order to create a composite with the necessary equivalent strength, hemp is used as the matrix material and jute, a natural fiber, is used as reinforcement in this research study. In order to create the composite, the ideal 40mm jute fiber length is orientated randomly during the compression moulding process. To find the ideal natural fiber to resins ratio, three composites compositions are created with varying volume of fiber percentage of 5%, 10%, and 15%. Tensile, flexural, impact, and compression tests are used to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of the samples in order to identify the ideal fiber ratio percentage for creating the composite substitute. It has been found that composites with 15% volumes percentage of fiber have better and more desirable mechanical properties than composites with the other two volume percentages under consideration. Since jute is a plant used for medicinal purposes, it has a wide range of potential uses in the developing biomedical and automotive industries. Keywords: Jute fiber, Hemp matrix, Compression moulding.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 1170)
• Pages: 3-17
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/p-xbTW6a
• Online since: December 2025
• Authors: Ashok Kumar Palaniappan*, S.P. Rajesh, V. Sivaprasad, A.R. Karthik Bharathi, R.M. Mukesh
• Keywords: Compression Moulding, Hemp Matrix, Jute Fiber

References

[1] Balasubramaniam, Kaleeswaran, Piotr Fiborek, Dominika Ziaja, Michał Jurek, Mirosław Sawczak, Rohan Soman, and Paweł H Malinowski. 2022. "Global and Local Area Inspection Methods in Damage Detection of Carbon Fiber Composite Structures." Measurement 187: 110336.

DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2021.110336

[2] Çetin, Mehmet Emin. 2022. "Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Reinforcement to Polyurethane Adhesive for Improving Impact Performance of Carbon Fiber Composite Sandwich Panels." International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 112: 103002.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.103002

[3] Habibi, Milad Kohi, Seyed Mahdi Rafiaei, Amir Alhaji, and Maryam Zare. 2022. "Synthesis of ZnFe2O4: 1 Wt% Ce3+/Carbon Fibers Composite and Investigation of Its Adsorption Characteristic to Remove Congo Red Dye from Aqueous Solutions." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 890: 161901.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161901

[4] Hermansson, Frida, Tomas Ekvall, Matty Janssen, and Magdalena Svanström. 2022. "Allocation in Recycling of Composites-the Case of Life Cycle Assessment of Products from Carbon Fiber Composites." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 27(3): 419–32.

DOI: 10.1007/s11367-022-02039-8

[5] Hu, Yi, Shaojie Pang, Guoyu Yang, Xuming Yao, Chuanbing Li, Jianjun Jiang, and Yujun Li. 2022. "MXene Modified Carbon Fiber Composites with Improved Mechanical Properties Based on Electrophoretic Deposition." Materials Research Bulletin 150: 111761.

DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2022.111761

[6] Janarthanan, P, P Ashok Kumar, Norizan Mohd Nurazzi, Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim, and Jesuarockiam Naveen. 2023. "Structural Composites: Nanofiller Materials in Automotive Applications." In Synthetic and Natural Nanofillers in Polymer Composites, Elsevier, 387–98.

DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-443-19053-7.00001-9

[7] Kamae, Toshiya, and Lawrence T Drzal. 2022. "Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composite Property Enhancement through Incorporation of Carbon Nanotubes at the Fiber-Matrix Interphase–Part II: Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Coated Carbon Fiber Composites." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing: 107023.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.107023

[8] Ling, Youquan, Xueqin Zhang, Liwei Yan, Haoruo Zhang, Yuan Wang, Ying Ge, Ziyang Chen, et al. 2022. "Silicone-Grafted Epoxy/Carbon Fiber Composites with Superior Mechanical/Ablation Performance." Materials Chemistry and Physics 275: 125283.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.125283

[9] Palaniappan, Ashok Kumar, Felix Sahayaraj Arockiasamy, S Rajesh, and U Karthick. 2025. "Investigating the Parameters of Carbon Fiber Nylon Composites Using the Fused Deposition Modeling Process to Determine the Mechanical Characteristics and Properties of the Composites." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance: 1–12.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-025-10928-w

[10] Palaniappan, Ashok Kumar, Ravi Kumar Krishnan, Pradeep Vasanaperumal, and Karthikeyan Rajendiran. 2024. "Analysis of the Mechanical Characteristics and Properties of a Carbon Fiber–Nylon Composite Influence of the Factors of the Fused Deposition Modeling." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance: 1–14.

DOI: 10.1007/s11665-024-10150-0

[11] Palaniappan, Ashok Kumar, and Krishnan Ravi Kumar. 2024. "Investigation on the Influence of Fused Deposition Modelling Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fibre/Nylon Composites." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering: 09544089241253832.

DOI: 10.1177/09544089241253832

[12] Pan, Fei, Lei Cai, Yuyang Shi, Yanyan Dong, Xiaojie Zhu, Jie Cheng, Haojie Jiang, et al. 2022. "Phase Engineering Reinforced Multiple Loss Network in Apple Tree-like Liquid Metal/Ni-Ni3P/N-Doped Carbon Fiber Composites for High-Performance Microwave Absorption." Chemical Engineering Journal 435: 135009.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2022.135009

[13] Pandey, Deepak, Kowsik Sambath Kumar, Leaford Nathan Henderson, Gustavo Suarez, Patrick Vega, Hilda Reyes Salvador, Luke Roberson, and Jayan Thomas. 2022. "Energized Composites for Electric Vehicles: A Dual Function Energy‐Storing Supercapacitor‐Based Carbon Fiber Composite for the Body Panels." Small 18(9): 2107053.

DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107053

[14] Pinpathomrat, Badin, Chieko Narita, Atsushi Yokoyama, and Kazushi Yamada. 2022. "Evaluation of Degradation of Ultraviolet-C Irradiated Polylactic Acid/Carbon-Fiber Composites Using Fluorescence Spectroscopy." Advanced Composite Materials 31(2): 195–207.

DOI: 10.1080/09243046.2021.1943108

[15] Qiu, Baowei, Xueqin Zhang, Shuang Xia, Tong Sun, Youquan Ling, Shengtai Zhou, Hengzheng Guang, et al. 2022. "Magnetic Graphene Oxide/Carbon Fiber Composites with Improved Interfacial Properties and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance." Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 155: 106811.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2022.106811

[16] Seamone, Andrew, Paul Davidson, Anthony M Waas, and Vipul Ranatunga. 2022. "Low Velocity Impact and Compressive Response after Impact of Thin Carbon Fiber Composite Panels." International Journal of Solids and Structures: 111604.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2022.111604

[17] Stelzer, Philipp S, Umut Cakmak, Lisa Eisner, Leonhard K Doppelbauer, Imre Kállai, Gernot Schweizer, Heinz K Prammer, and Zoltan Major. 2022. "Experimental Feasibility and Environmental Impacts of Compression Molded Discontinuous Carbon Fiber Composites with Opportunities for Circular Economy." Composites Part B: Engineering 234: 109638.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109638

[18] Sun, Jinxing, Shixiang Yu, James Wade-Zhu, Xiaoteng Chen, Jon Binner, and Jiaming Bai. 2022. "3D Printing of Layered Ceramic/Carbon Fiber Composite with Improved Toughness." Additive Manufacturing 50: 102543.

DOI: 10.1016/j.addma.2021.102543

[19] Tiwari, Nilesh, and A A Shaikh. 2022. "Hybridization of Carbon Fiber Composites with Graphene Nanoplatelets to Enhance Interfacial Bonding and Thermomechanical Properties for Shape Memory Applications." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Materials 61(2): 161–75.

DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1967390

[20] Wu, Dongliang, Zhiqiang Yao, Xiuying Sun, Xiaodong Liu, Lei Liu, Ruliang Zhang, and Chengguo Wang. 2022. "Mussel-Tailored Carbon Fiber/Carbon Nanotubes Interface for Elevated Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites." Chemical Engineering Journal 429: 132449.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132449

[21] Wu, Qing, Abdur Razzak, Huanhuan Bai, Hao Deng, Ziyi Ye, and Jianfeng Zhu. 2022. "Dopamine Concentration-Dependent Surface Modification for Gaining Carbon Fiber Composites with Enhanced Interfacial Adhesion." Composites Communications 29: 101047.

DOI: 10.1016/j.coco.2021.101047

[22] Yao, Zhiqiang, Chengguo Wang, Yanxiang Wang, Jianjie Qin, Ziming Ma, Xuanhao Cui, Qifen Wang, and Huazhen Wei. 2022. "Effect of CNTs Deposition on Carbon Fiber Followed by Amination on the Interfacial Properties of Epoxy Composites." Composite Structures 292: 115665.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115665

[23] Zhang, Ce, Guoli Zhang, XiaoPing Shi, and Xi Wang. 2022. "Effects of Carbon Nanotubes on the Interlaminar Shear Strength and Fracture Toughness of Carbon Fiber Composite Laminates: A Review." Journal of Materials Science: 1–23.

DOI: 10.1007/s10853-021-06734-z

[24] Zheng, Hao, Wenjian Zhang, Bowen Li, Junjie Zhu, Chaohang Wang, Guojun Song, Guangshun Wu, et al. 2022. "Recent Advances of Interphases in Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Review." Composites Part B: Engineering: 109639.

DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109639