Comparative Study of Organophilic Clays to be Used in the Gas & Petrol Industry

Abstract:

Brasgel clay and Gray clay has been been subjected to modification through ion-exchange reaction by quaternary ammonium (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide, CTAB). The samples were studied by X-Ray Diffraction, Infrared Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the Foster’s Swelling test. The results indicated that the quaternary ammonium salts were intercalated between the layers of clay. The basal spacing of unmodified Brasgel clay, determined by XRD, was 1.329 nm and after modification it increased up to 2.101 nm. By analyzing the results obtained in this study, particularly those provided by infrared spectroscopy, it was concluded that the treated, organophilic sample (modified with CTAB) comprised CH2 and CH3 groups in its structure, which provides evidence of the efficiency of the organophilization process. Foster´s swelling was carried out with and without agitation in gasoline, diesel, toluene and lubricating oil. The results indicated the samples was organophilic materials, with improved efficiency of Brasgel clay in gasoline and diesel and when compared to Gray clay in the test of capacity for adsorption and Foster´s swelling, the results were similar to kerosene and lubricating oil.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volumes 660-661)
• Pages: 1037-1042
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.660-661.1037
• Online since: October 2010
• Authors: Simone C.Gallani Rodrigues, M.B. Queiroz, Kleberson R. O. Pereira, Meiry Glaúcia Freire Rodrigues, Francisco Rolando Valenzuela-Díaz
• Keywords: Adsorption, Organophilic Clay, Separation Oil/Water

References

[1] F.R. Ahmadun, A. Pendashteh, L.C. Abdullah, D.R. A Biak, S.S. Madaeni and Z.Z. Abidin: J. Hazard. Mater. 170 (2009) 530–551.

[2] M. Reed, O. Johansen, P.J. Brandvik, P. Daling, A. A. Lewis, R. Fiocco, D. Mackay and R. Prentki: Science & Technology Bulletin Vol. 5 (1) (1999), p.3.

DOI: 10.1016/s1353-2561(98)00029-2

[3] G.R. Alther: Filtration & Separation Vol. 45 (2008), p.22.

[4] L.B. Paiva, A.R. Morales and F.R. Valenzuela-Diaz: Applied Clay Science Vol. 42 (2008), p.8.

[5] G.R. Alther: Waste Management Vol. 15 (8) (1995), p.623.

[6] G. W. Beall and M. Goss: Applied Clay Science Vol. 27, (2004) p.179.

[7] K. R. O. Pereira: Ativação ácida e preparação de argilas organofílicas partindo-se de argila esmectítica proveniente do Estado da Paraíba. Mestrado (Dissertação), Campina Grande, 2003. UFCG.

[8] K. R. O. Pereira, R. A. Hanna, M. M. G. Ramos ViannA, C. A. Pinto, M. G. F. Rodrigues and F. R. Valenzuela-Díaz: Materials Research Vol. 8 (2005), p.77.

[9] Y. Xi, Z. Ding, H. He and R.L. Frost: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Vol. 277 (2004), p.116.

[10] J. B. Dixon: Applied Clay Science Vol. 5 (1991), p.489.

[11] E. Manias, A. Touny, L. Wu, K. Strawhecker, B. Lu and T. C. Chung: Chemical Materials Vol. 13 (2001), p.3516.

[12] I. J. Chin, T. Thurn-Albrecht, H. C. Kim, T. P. Russell and T. P. J. Wang: Polymer Vol. 42 (2001), p.5947.

[13] J. Madejová, M. Janek, P. Komadel, H.J. Herbert and H.C. Moog: Applied Clay Science Vol. 20 (2002), p.255.

DOI: 10.1016/s0169-1317(01)00067-9

[14] G. Lagaly: Clays and Clay Minerals Vol. 30, (1982), p.215.

[15] J.L. Bonczek, W.G. Harris and P.N. Kizza: Clays an Clay Minerals Vol. 50 (2002), p.11.