Properties of Clay Ceramic Incorporated with Red Mud

Abstract:

The red mud is a well known insoluble residue generated in the Bayer process to benefit bauxite ores. This residue is composed of ceramic related compounds such as iron oxide, sodium aluminum silicates, carbonates, calcium aluminates and titanium dioxide. The incorporation of industrial residues in clay ceramics has been extensively investigated, not only as an environmentally correct solution but also as an economic way to save raw materials. Therefore, the present work evaluated the properties of clay ceramics incorporated with up to 40 wt% of red mud. Clay bodies with different percentages of red mud were press-molded and fired at 750, 950 and 1050°C. The evaluated technological properties were linear shrinkage, water absorption and mechanical strength. Sensible changes in such properties were found with red mud addition. In particular, the ceramic fired at 1050°C displayed favorable water absorption with red mud incorporation.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volumes 798-799)
• Pages: 509-513
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.798-799.509
• Online since: June 2014
• Authors: Michelle Pereira Babisk*, Thalissa Pizetta Altoé, Henrique Junio de Oliveira Lopes, Ulisses Soares do Prado, Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira
• Keywords: Bayer Process, Clay Ceramic, Red Mud, Residue, Technological Properties

References

[1] E.B. Silva Filho, M.C.M. Alves and M. Motta: Rev. Mater. Vol. 12 (2) (2007), p.322.

[2] L.G. Pedroti, S.N. Monteiro, C.M.F. Vieira, J. Alexandre, A.Z. Desta Fania and G.C. Xavier: Mater. Sci. Forum Vols. 727-728 (2012), p.619.

[3] C.M.F. Vieira, M. M Riberio and S.N. Monteiro: Mater. Sci. Forum Vol. 727-728 (2012), p.951.

[4] A.S.C. Morais, T.C.C. Caldas, S.N. Monteiro and C.M.F. Vieira: Mater. Sci. Forum Vol. 727-728 (2012), p.1579.

[5] A.M.D. Silva, L.S. Lovise, S.N. Monteiro and C.M.F. Vieira: Mater. Sci. Forum Vol. 727-728 (2012), p.993.

[6] S.N. Monteiro and C.M.F. Vieira: Tile & Bricks Intl. Vol. 18 (2002), p.152.

[7] S.N. Monteiro and C.M.F. Vieira: Mater. Sci. Forum Vols. 727-728 (2012), p.965.

[8] C.M.F. Vieira, J.N.F. Holanda and D.G. Pinatti: Ceramica Vol. 46 (2000), p.14.

[9] P.S. Pereira, A.S.C. Morais, T.C.C. Caldas, M.M. Ribeiro, S.N. Monteiro and C.M.F. Vieira: 55º Congresso Brasileiro de Cerâmica (CBC). Porto Galinhas 29 de maio - 01 de Junho, 2011. Proceeding.. Porto de Galinhas, 2011. (PE).

[10] American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM, Water absorption, bulk density, apparent porosity and apparent specific gravity of fired whiteware products. C373-88, USA, (2006).

DOI: 10.1520/c0373-88r06

[11] S.J. Schneider Junior: Brazilian test disc, In: Engineered Materials Handbook, Ceramics and Glass, Ed. ASM International, USA, (2000).

[12] Brazilian Association for Technical Norms. Soil particles going through the 4. 8 mm sieve. Determination of the specific mass. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT 2005. (NBR 6508) (In Portuguese).

[13] S.N. Monteiro, C.M.F. Vieira and J. Dualibi Filho: Ceramica Industrial Vol. 6 (2001), p.43.

[14] S.N. Monteiro, T.M. Soares and C.M.F. Vieira: Ceramica Vol. 49 (2003), p.245.

[15] Brazilian Association for Technical Norms. Ceramic components - Roofing tiles – Terminology, requirements, and testing methods. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT 2009. (NBR 15310). (in Portuguese).

[16] W.D. Kingery: Introduction to Ceramics. (John Wiley & Sons New York, 1975).