Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ (BSCF) Perovskite Nanorods by Template Synthesis

Abstract:

Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ (BSCF) is a ceramic perovskite-type oxide that has attracted growing attention due to its high catalytic activity, mixed ionic/electronic conductivity and giant magnetic resistance. Improvement in the properties of BSCF can be achieved by tailoring its architecture such as nanoparticles (powdered form), nanotubes or nanorods as these nanostructured materials posses high surface-to-volume ratios with high sensitivity to surface adsorption and reactions. However, most of the studies conducted by means of conventional solid-state reaction methods or with wet chemistry techniques regularly produced BSCF in loose powdered form, non-uniform and the particle size is hard to be controlled. Herein in this work, an investigation on a synthetic approach using highly ordered nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) as a template, focusing on the fabrication of BSCF perovskite nanorods is demonstrated. Sol-gel method is used to prepare the BSCF precursor solution or sol followed by filling the AAO template with the sol at different immersion time of 1 hr, 12 hrs and 24 hrs. After the following drying and calcination steps, the morphological structure and composition of the synthesized BSCF nanorods inside the AAO templates are examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. The micrograph showed BSCF nanorods are successfully synthesized at immersion time of 24 hrs with the diameter of nanorods embedded in the AAO template is approximately 180 nm. The EDX analysis also confirmed the stoichiometry of Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Co_0.8Fe_0.2O_3-δ. Possible formation mechanism of BSCF nanorods inside the AAO template is also discussed in this paper.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 846)
• Pages: 210-215
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.846.210
• Online since: March 2016
• Authors: Anisah Shafiqah Habiballah, Abdul Hadi Mahmud, Nafisah Osman, Abdul Mutalib Md Jani*
• Keywords: Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO), Sol-Gel Method, Template Synthesis

References

[1] J.A. Kilner, R.A. d.S., I.C. Fullarton, Surface exchange of oxygen in mixed conducting perovskite oxides, in Solid State Ionics 1996. pp.703-709.

DOI: 10.1016/0167-2738(96)00153-1

[2] Yousef M. Al-Yousef, M.G., Synthesis of Ba0. 5Sr0. 5Co0. 2Fe0. 8O3 (BSCF) nanoceramic cathode powders by sol-gel process for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) application World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering, 2011. 1: pp.99-107.

DOI: 10.4236/wjnse.2011.14016

[3] Bangwu Liu, Y.Z., Ba0. 5Sr0. 5Co0. 8Fe0. 2O3 nanopowders prepared by glycine–nitrate process for solid oxide fuel cell cathode. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2008. 453: pp.418-422.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.11.142

[4] A.M.M. Jani, D.L., N.H. Voelcker, Nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide : Advances in surface engineering and emerging applications. Progress in Materials Science, 2013. 58: pp.636-704.

DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2013.01.002

[5] Y. Xia, P.Y., Y. Sun, Y. Wu, B. Mayers, B. Gates, Y. Yin, R. Kin, H. Yan, One-dimensional nanostructures: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Advance Materials, 2003. 15: p.353.

DOI: 10.1002/adma.200390087

[6] Jin Wang, A.M., N. Wu, Sol–gel derived La0. 6Sr0. 4CoO3 nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires and thin films. Thin Solid Films, 2008. 517: pp.582-587.

DOI: 10.1016/j.tsf.2008.06.095

[7] Jin Wang, C.J., Adrienne C. McGraw, Nianqiang Nick Wu, Sol-gel synthesis and characterization of La0. 6Sr0. 4CoO3 nanoparticles, nanotubes, and thin films. The Electrochemical Society, (2007). 11(6): pp.1-10.

[8] Wang, Y.A.S.A., F. Caruso. , Template synthesis of nanostructured materials via layer-by-layer assembly. Chemistry of Materials, 2007. 20: pp.848-858.

DOI: 10.1021/cm7024813

[9] C. Bae, H.Y., S. Kim, K. Lee, J. Kim, M.M. Sung, H. Shin, Template-directed synthesis of oxide nanotubes: fabrication, characterization, and applications. Chemistry of Materials, 2008. 20(3): pp.756-757.

DOI: 10.1021/cm702138c

[10] A.M.M. Jani, E.J.A., Steven J. P. McInnes,D. Losic, Joe G. Shapter and N. H. Voelcker, Nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide membranes with layered surface chemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2009: pp.3062-3064.

DOI: 10.1039/b901745c

[11] Tan, P.L., Sol-gel template-directed synthesis of oxide and carbide nanowires. Master's Theses, 2008: p.3498.

DOI: 10.31979/etd.4gup-spff

[12] S. Singh, S.B.K., Synthesis, structural characterization and ferroelectric properties of Pb0. 76Ca0. 24TiO3 nanotubes. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2011. 131: pp.443-448.

DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.10.002

[13] Kirupanidhi, S.S.S.B., Synthesis and structural characterization of perovskite 0. 65Pb (Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-O. 35PbTiO3 nanotubes. Physics Letters A, 2011. 375: pp.2176-2180.

DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2011.04.035

[14] Nirupam Banerjee, S.B.K., Synthesis, structural characterization and formation mechanism of giant-dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 nanotubes. Natural Science, 2010. 2(7): pp.688-693.

DOI: 10.4236/ns.2010.27085

[15] Qin Kuang, Z.W.L., Wei Lian, Zhi Yuan Jiang, Zhao Xiong Xie, Rong Bin Huang and Lan Sun Zheong, Syntheses of rare-earth metal oxide nanotubes by the sol-gel method assisted with porous anodic aluminium oxide templates. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2007. 180: pp.1236-1242.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2007.01.021