The Effect of Freezing-Thawing Route Number on Magnetic Properties and Nanostructural of Fe₃O₄/ Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Polyvinyl Alcohol Magnetic Hydrogel

Abstract:

Fe₃O₄/Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC)/Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) hydrogel magnetic was successfully synthesized by using the freezing-thawing process. Meanwhile, the filler of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was successfully fabricated by co-precipitation method. Magnetic hydrogel and Fe₃O₄ was revealed by using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) to investigate the content of elements in the Fe₃O₄ filler, the functional group network of samples, magnetic properties of magnetic hydrogel and Fe₃O₄, and nanostructure of magnetic hydrogel, respectively. The magnetic properties of magnetic hydrogel decreased as the decrease in the particle sizes of the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. On the other hand, the saturation magnetization of magnetic hydrogel decreased as the freezing-thawing route increased in number. This condition can be concluded that the distribution of the Fe₃O₄ filler in CMC/PVA magnetic hydrogel was more effective when the route number of freezing-thawing reached the maximum process (7x processes). Moreover, the nanostructure of magnetic hydrogel revealed the composition of the crystalline phase of CMC/PVA hydrogel of approximately 6 nm. By these characteristics, Fe₃O₄/CMC/PVA magnetic hydrogel is potential to be used as smart gel such as artificial muscle, switch-of, and the others.

• Periodical: Materials Science Forum (Volume 966)
• Pages: 344-351
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.966.344
• Online since: August 2019
• Authors: Sunaryono Sunaryono*, Mimin Nurul Kholifah, Ahmad Taufiq, Erfan Handoko
• Keywords: CMC, Fe₃O₄, Magnetic Hydrogel, Poly Vinyl Alcohol (PVA), SAXS

References

[1] M. A. Cooperstein, B. M. Bluestein, H. E. Canavan, Synthesis and optimization of fluorescent poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide)-coated surfaces by atom transfer radical polymerization for cell culture and detachment, Biointerphases 10 (2015) 019001.

DOI: 10.1116/1.4894530

[2] N. Roy, N. Saha, T. Kitano, P. Saha, Biodegradation of PVP–CMC hydrogel film: A useful food packaging material, Carbohydr. Polym. 89 (2012) 346–353.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.008

[3] S. R. Muppalla, S. R. Kanatt, S. P. Chawla, A. Sharma, Carboxymethyl cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol films with clove oil for active packaging of ground chicken meat, Food Packag. Shelf Life 2 (2014) 51–58.

DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2014.07.002

[4] A. Gregorova, N. Saha, T. Kitano, P. Saha, Hydrothermal effect and mechanical stress properties of carboxymethylcellulose based hydrogel food packaging, Carbohydr. Polym. 117 (2015) 559–568.

DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.10.009

[5] R. M. Cornell, U. Schwertmann, Electronic, Electrical and Magnetic Properties and Colour, in The Iron Oxides, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, (2004) 111–137.

[6] M. Ma, Y. Zhang, W. Yu, H. Shen, H. Zhang, N. Gu, Preparation and characterization of magnetite nanoparticles coated by amino silane, Colloids Surf. Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 212 (2003) 219–226.

DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(02)00305-9

[7] C. Hassan, N. Peppas, Structure and Applications of Poly(vinyl alcohol) Hydrogels Produced by Conventional Crosslinking or by Freezing/Thawing Methods, in Biopolymers · PVA Hydrogels, Anionic Polymerisation Nanocomposites, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 153 (2000) 37–65.

DOI: 10.1007/3-540-46414-x_2

[8] J. Thomas, A. Lowman, M. Marcolongo, Novel associated hydrogels for nucleus pulposus replacement., J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 67 (2003) 1329–1337.

DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10119

[9] N. A. Peppas, S. L. Wright, Solute Diffusion in Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Poly(acrylic acid) Interpenetrating Networks, Macromolecules 29 (1996) 8798–8804.

DOI: 10.1021/ma9613392

[10] A. Doyan, K. Khalilurrahman, S. Susilawati, Sintesis dan Uji FTIR Barium M-Hexaferrite dengan Doping Logam Mn, J. Pendidik. Fis. Dan Teknol. 1 (2017) 235–238.

DOI: 10.29303/jpft.v1i4.264

[11] O.R. R. S. F. Thermoplastic, E. N. B. R. NBR, Sifat fisika dan analisis gugus fungsi karet seal o-ring dari bahan termoplastik elastomer nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) dan polyvinyl chloride (PVC), (2013).

DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v29i1.215

[12] H. S. Mansur, R. L. Oréfice, A. A. P. Mansur, Characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels and PVA-derived hybrids by small-angle X-ray scattering and FTIR spectroscopy, Polymer 45 (2004) 7193–7202.

DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.036

[13] T. M. G. Ginanjar, S. Amanda, C. Syari, Model baru advanced packaging melalui mekanisme aktif oxygen scavenging dari chitosan untuk kemasan suplemen pangan kecerdasan berbasis asam lemak omega-3 minyak ikan (2014).

[14] Z. L. Liu, Y. J. Liu, K. L. Yao, Z. H. Ding, J. Tao, X. Wang, Synthesis and magnetic properties of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, J. Mater. Synth. Process. 10 (2002) 83–87.

[15] A. V. Ryzhkov, P. V. Melenev, M. Balasoiu, Y. L. Raikher, Structure organization and magnetic properties of microscale ferrogels: The effect of particle magnetic anisotropy, J. Chem. Phys. 145 (2016) 074905.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4961299

[16] E. G. R. Putra, B. S. Seong, E. Shin, A. Ikram, S. A. Ani, Darminto, Fractal Structures on Fe3O4 Ferrofluid: A Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Study, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 247 (2010) 012028.

DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/247/1/012028

[17] J. Teixeira, Small-angle scattering by fractal systems, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 21 (1988) 781–785.

DOI: 10.1107/s0021889888000263

[18] Sunaryono, A. Taufiq, E.G.R. Putra, A. Okazawa, I. Watanabe, N. Kojima, S. Rugmai, S. Soontaranon, M. Zainuri, Triwikantoro, S. Pratapa, Darminto, Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study on PVA/Fe3O4 Magnetic Hydrogels, Nano 11 (2016) 1650027.

DOI: 10.1142/s1793292016500272

[19] A. Priola, A. Di Gianni, R. Bongiovanni, S.G. Starodubtsev, S.S. Abramchuck, S.N. Polyakov, V.V. Volkov, E.V. Schtykova, K.A. Dembo, Effect of the swelling degree on the formation of magnetite nanoparticles in hydrogels, Eur. Polym. J. 46 (2010) 2105–2111.

DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2010.09.008

[20] R. V. Ramanujan, L. L. Lao, The mechanical behavior of smart magnet–hydrogel composites, Smart Mater. Struct. 15 (2006) 952.

DOI: 10.1088/0964-1726/15/4/008

[21] M. Zrinyi, L. Barsi, A. Büki, Direct observation of discrete and reversible shape transition in magnetic field sensitive polymer gels, Print. On (2005) 1–6.].

[22] Sunaryono, A. Taufiq, Munaji, B. Indarto, Triwikantoro, M. Zainuri, Darminto, Magneto-elasticity in hydrogels containing Fe3O4 nanoparticles and their potential applications, (2013) 53–56.

DOI: 10.1063/1.4820992

[23] M. Czaun, L. Hevesi, M. Takafuji, H. Ihara, A novel approach to magneto-responsive polymeric gels assisted by iron nanoparticles as nano cross-linkers, Chem. Commun. (2008) 2124–2126.

DOI: 10.1039/b717721f