Materials Science Forum Vol. 969

Abstract: This work is concerned with the investigation of the capability of alumina coatings, deposited over aluminum alloy by dip coating methods to improve mechanical properties. Alumina coatings were deposited using oxime-modified aluminum (III) isopropoxide as a sol-gel precursor. The Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX) images of the coated samples suggest deposition of uniform and crack free alumina coatings. The mechanical property of the bare, and dip coated aluminum alloy were investigated by the slow strain rate test in 3.5% of NaCl solution. The coated sample indicate higher ultimate tensile strength, it’s reflect the protective behavior of coating.

Abstract: In the present situation the growth of population is increasing rapidly. In view of this, the development of the buildings are changing its dimension to high rise structures further having trends of structural irregularities. These kinds of irregularities in the structure cannot be avoided as it is more vulnerable to the seismic actions. The structure fails by the uneven moments created by the seismic actions because of the irregularities in the structure which is based on the parameters like storey drift, displacement, torsional effects etc., In this paper the effects of the torsional irregularity is studied and the failure has been minimized by adding necessary elements like shear wall and bracings where ever required. In Present study we have considered the 20 storey building of reinforced concrete structure which includes five models of different regular and irregular shaped structures which are subjected to earthquake load and are modeled by using ETABS version 9. Analysis results elaborate the parameters like displacement, time period, storey drift and comparisons of the results among the set of models.

Abstract: Al based-Hybrid Metal Matrix Composites (HMMC) are becoming widely popular in the Automobile industry due to its highly attractive characteristics of enhanced hardness. The heterogeneous mixture formed due to the presence of reinforcement particles adds to the strength, wear resistance, hardness etc. to the specimen. In this research, fine ashes of bagasse (sugarcane), banana, and jute (coconut covering) were used, produced by burning the above in free atmosphere. The sample was sieve tested to 200 mesh size and ball milled in the presence of SiC with weight ratio of 1:2. Stir casting of the composite was performed in the melting furnace to produce different specimens of Al6061 consisting of different types of reinforcement. The specimens were then exposed to various tests to determine Ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, hardness, and percentage elongation. The best results termed out with the specimen reinforced with banana ash at the cost of loss in ductility exhibiting Ultimate tensile strength 115.4 MPa, Yield Strength 76.4 MPa, Vickers hardness 55-77 HV and Percentage elongation 21%.

Abstract: In this work, solution combustion processed titanium, zinc co-doped indium oxide high transparent semiconducting thin films were demonstrated at annealing temperatures of 300, 350 °C. In the process, low-temperature combustion at 123 °C was verified through thermogravimetric analysis; acetylacetone, 2-methoxyethanol served as fuel and solvent respectively in the redox reaction. Indium titanium zinc oxide (ITiZO) films were developed on glass substrates by spin coating followed by annealing at different temperatures. ITiZO films, powder exhibited high crystallinity exactly matching with indium oxide peaks without forming secondary phases. But, the presence of In, Ti, Zn, and O is clearly visible on film through energy dispersive spectroscopy. Films had transparency more than 85% in the visible range with optical band gap ranging 3.8-3.9 eV. These ITiZO films with smooth and low roughness ranging 0.46-0.5 nm, can have a potential application as an active layer in transparent thin film transistors and optoelectronic devices.

Abstract: Modern industries are looking for a replacement of existing materials with a lightweight polymer-based reinforced material. In general, the polymer materials are reinforced with natural fiber, animal fiber, and wood fiber. This work deals with the importance of animal fiber in making a composite. The most widely used polyester resin is used as matrix materials and uniform sized (10-20mm) sheep wool fiber is used as reinforcement materials for making sheep wool reinforced composite. The random orientation of fibers was adopted for three different weight percentage (wt%) as 20%, 30%, and 40%. All the different weight fraction of composites is developed by using a compression molding technique. The compression mold ejected material is sized as per the ASTM standards for various tests. The tensile properties and hardness of the composite is determined experimentally. Scanning Electron Microscope image is taken to analysis the interfacial properties, internal structure and cracks of the fabricated composite.

Abstract: The properties of a composite are depending on the manufacturing process, fiber and its configuration, epoxy used etc. The present research deals with the tensile and wear behaviour of the composites manufactured using Hand Layup (HL) and Vacuum Infusion Process (VIP) with structural and non-structural epoxy combination. 4-layerd (all the layers are oriented in the longitudinal direction) unidirectional CFRP was manufactured using VIP and those results were compared with the HL made samples. The addition of structural epoxy in the resin mixer have shown a significant effect on its fiber volume fraction, tensile and erosion properties. The effect of vacuum pressure in mould cavity on the tensile strength of the CFRP composite was also studied. The morphologies of the CFRP composites made with VIP and HL were studied with the help of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CFRP composites manufactured through VIP have shown a greater tensile strength but it was poor in wear resistance. The addition of structural adhesive to the resin system enhanced the wear resistance. Hence it made the VIP a recommended process for composite manufacturing where both tensile and wear properties are required.

Abstract: Smart materials technologies are most significant in 21st-century. "Smart Materials" shall have a crucial role in construction technology. These innovative materials constitute an important part of smart building systems that shall be capable to detect its surrounding, so that the smart materials behave similar to living systems. The design of smart materials involves highly integrated components and requires interdisciplinary knowledge. Smart materials, are capable of adapting to their exterior surrounding. They alter their properties by applying exterior physical stimuli and thus adapt to their external environment in best possible manner. In the process of adapting to their external environment they involve various energy conversion processes. Thus mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice versa by smart materials during their functioning. Smart materials are therefore predetermined and predesigned to perform as sensors and actuators as the need be. This paper discusses various types of smart materials available, their characteristics and applications in smart infrastructure.

Abstract: Composite materials are extensively used in various applications like space, aircraft, and automobile sector because of superior physical and mechanical properties even though they are costly. In recent technological innovations, using Montmorillonite (Nanoclay) to reinforce polymer-based composites has raised attention to academic and industrial sectors since small addition could enhance Mechanical properties thereby decreasing failures like delaminations. In present research work, the effect of AWJ machining parameters on delaminations of glass fibre reinforced epoxy composite is investigated. The Main objective is determining delamination factor and reduce delaminations which is major failure in laminates. This paper investigates on effects of impregnated Nanoclay epoxy in Bi-directional GFRP where previous research has been made only in changing the parameters for reduction of delaminations. The samples were machined using AWJ, delamination factors are measured using image-J software and SEM analysis for comparing micrographs. Finally with increase in nano clay weight fraction, delaminations are checked.

Abstract: Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is the most advanced form of concrete amongst the various types of concrete developed so far. This paper aims at investigating the feasibility of using Ground Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GGBS) as a base material for geopolymer concrete. Effect of dolomite, which is a by-product from rock crushing plant on GGBS based GPC, was studied. Maximum compressive strength was obtained when GGBS and dolomite were proportioned at 70:30. Steel fibres were added to geopolymer concrete (SFGPC) to improve the ductile behaviour and its brittleness index was compared with Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) concrete. Strength and behaviour of GGBS-Dolomite GPC and SFGPC flexural member subjected to cyclic loading are explained in this paper. Steel fibres are added at 0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75% volume fraction of concrete. Properties such as load deflection behaviour, ultimate load, crack width and ductility were compared with OPC concrete beams.

Abstract: Light metal Al alloys are presently used in aerospace and industrial applications. Hence, in the present study choice of material will be LM2 aluminum alloy and processed by multi-axial forging (MAF) technique at ambient temperature for different number of passes with an equivalent strain of 0.18, 0.36 and 0.54. Microstructural analysis was carried out on unprocessed and processed samples with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As the number of MAF pass increases the average grain size was reduced because of plastic deformation by plane strain condition. Mechanical properties like Vickers hardness (VHN), tensile and compression test were carried out. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) was increased after each pass of MAF due to strain hardening effect. After 3 MAF passes the compression strength was reached to maximum of 495 MPa as compared to as received sample 315 MPa and hardness, increased to 81 VHN as compared to 55 VHN for the received samples. The fractography analysis was explained using SEM images. As the number of passes increases dimple size reduces as compared to as received samples and which will be revealing the ductile mode of fracture.